NUR 334 Exam 3 | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update
Question: What is rhinosinusitis?
Answer:
- inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and mucous membranes
- usually starts viral, then becomes bacterial as secondary infection
- lasts 7-10 days
- inflammation of ciliated membranes blocks drainage and leads to infection
Question: symptoms of rhinosinusitis
Answer:
- nasal congestion
- cough
- bronchial secretions
Question: non-pharmacological treatment for rhinosinusitis
Answer:
- rest
- increased fluids
- humidified air
Question: what is a nasal decongestant drug?
Answer:
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) others in this class: oxymetazoline (Afrin), phenylephrine (Vazculep)
Question: pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- produces vasoconstriction of arterioles and reduces blood flow to congested nasal passages, acts on the
rest of the body too
- acts directly on adrenergic receptors, indirectly releases norepinephrine and causes constriction
Question: what else can be stimulated with pseudoephedrine?
Answer:
- SNS, can stimulate fight or flight
- high doses can irritate the heart
Question: what precautions should be taken with older adults and pseudoephedrine?
Answer:
risk for falls, hypertension, urine retention
,Question: side effects of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- hypotension
- dysrhythmia
- dizziness/impaired coordination
- headache
- insomnia
- urinary retention
- seizures
Question: contraindications of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- CAD
- severe hypertension
- dysrhythmias
- tricyclic or MAO inhibitors
- antidepressants
Question: what are antitussives?
Answer:
- cough suppressants
- used for dry non-productive hacking cough
- not all coughs should be suppressed such as with PNA
Question: what are the antitussive drugs?
Answer:
- dextromethorphan (DM)
- benzoate (Tessalon)
- codeine
- hydrocodone
Question: action of dextromethorphan (DM)
Answer:
depresses cough center in the medulla oblongata and/or cough receptors in the throat
Question: side effects of dextromethorphan (DM)
Answer:
- nausea
- drowsiness
, - rash
- difficulty breathing
- hallucinations with excessive amounts
Question: action of benzoate (Tessalon)
Answer:
peripherally acting antitussive, acts by anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory system therefor
decreasing coughing
Question: what are the expectorant drugs?
Answer:
Guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)
Question: what do expectorants do?
Answer:
loosen bronchial secretions so they can be removed by coughing
Question: side effects of expectorants
Answer:
- rash
- headache
- nausea/vomiting
Question: what are some nonprescription cold, cough and sinus drugs?
Answer:
- Advil
- Comtrex
- Contac
- Coricidin
- Motrin
- Robitussin
- Sinutab
- Theraflu
- Vicks NyQuil
Question: what do antihistamines do?
Answer:
- drugs that antagonize the action of histamine, commonly H1 receptor antagonists
- histamine is the first component to be released with inflammation and immune responses, too much
Question: What is rhinosinusitis?
Answer:
- inflammation of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and mucous membranes
- usually starts viral, then becomes bacterial as secondary infection
- lasts 7-10 days
- inflammation of ciliated membranes blocks drainage and leads to infection
Question: symptoms of rhinosinusitis
Answer:
- nasal congestion
- cough
- bronchial secretions
Question: non-pharmacological treatment for rhinosinusitis
Answer:
- rest
- increased fluids
- humidified air
Question: what is a nasal decongestant drug?
Answer:
pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) others in this class: oxymetazoline (Afrin), phenylephrine (Vazculep)
Question: pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- produces vasoconstriction of arterioles and reduces blood flow to congested nasal passages, acts on the
rest of the body too
- acts directly on adrenergic receptors, indirectly releases norepinephrine and causes constriction
Question: what else can be stimulated with pseudoephedrine?
Answer:
- SNS, can stimulate fight or flight
- high doses can irritate the heart
Question: what precautions should be taken with older adults and pseudoephedrine?
Answer:
risk for falls, hypertension, urine retention
,Question: side effects of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- hypotension
- dysrhythmia
- dizziness/impaired coordination
- headache
- insomnia
- urinary retention
- seizures
Question: contraindications of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)
Answer:
- CAD
- severe hypertension
- dysrhythmias
- tricyclic or MAO inhibitors
- antidepressants
Question: what are antitussives?
Answer:
- cough suppressants
- used for dry non-productive hacking cough
- not all coughs should be suppressed such as with PNA
Question: what are the antitussive drugs?
Answer:
- dextromethorphan (DM)
- benzoate (Tessalon)
- codeine
- hydrocodone
Question: action of dextromethorphan (DM)
Answer:
depresses cough center in the medulla oblongata and/or cough receptors in the throat
Question: side effects of dextromethorphan (DM)
Answer:
- nausea
- drowsiness
, - rash
- difficulty breathing
- hallucinations with excessive amounts
Question: action of benzoate (Tessalon)
Answer:
peripherally acting antitussive, acts by anesthetizing stretch receptors in the respiratory system therefor
decreasing coughing
Question: what are the expectorant drugs?
Answer:
Guaifenesin (Mucinex, Robitussin)
Question: what do expectorants do?
Answer:
loosen bronchial secretions so they can be removed by coughing
Question: side effects of expectorants
Answer:
- rash
- headache
- nausea/vomiting
Question: what are some nonprescription cold, cough and sinus drugs?
Answer:
- Advil
- Comtrex
- Contac
- Coricidin
- Motrin
- Robitussin
- Sinutab
- Theraflu
- Vicks NyQuil
Question: what do antihistamines do?
Answer:
- drugs that antagonize the action of histamine, commonly H1 receptor antagonists
- histamine is the first component to be released with inflammation and immune responses, too much
