WGU D345 Practice Exam with 100
questions and verified answers with
rationale updated 2026 graded A+
Section 1: Organizational Behavior Foundations
1. What is the primary focus of organizational behavior?
A. Preparing financial statements
B. Studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structures influence behavior
C. Establishing legal requirements for corporations
D. Designing computer networks
Answer: B — Studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structures influence behavior.
Rationale: Organizational behavior examines how people behave individually and collectively within
organizations and how organizational systems affect that behavior.
2. Which statement best describes organizational efficiency?
A. Completing work quickly regardless of quality
B. Achieving goals without considering resources
C. Achieving desired results while using resources wisely
D. Increasing the number of organizational rules
Answer: C — Achieving desired results while using resources wisely.
Rationale: Efficiency is concerned with the relationship between outputs and inputs. An efficient
organization accomplishes objectives while minimizing wasted time, money, materials, or effort.
3. Which practice best represents evidence-based management?
A. Combining research evidence, organizational data, professional expertise, and stakeholder
concerns
B. Making decisions solely according to the manager’s personal experience
,C. Copying the practices of the most successful competitor
D. Choosing the least expensive alternative in every situation
Answer: A — Combining research evidence, organizational data, professional expertise, and
stakeholder concerns.
Rationale: Evidence-based management uses multiple reliable sources of information rather than
relying exclusively on intuition, tradition, or anecdotal experience.
4. What does the contingency approach to management suggest?
A. One management style is appropriate for every employee
B. Rules should replace managerial judgment
C. Employees should make all organizational decisions
D. The best management approach depends on the situation
Answer: D — The best management approach depends on the situation.
Rationale: Contingency theory states that effective leadership and management practices depend on
factors such as the task, environment, employee readiness, and organizational conditions.
5. Which employee is demonstrating work engagement?
A. An employee who is present but mentally disconnected
B. An employee who shows energy, dedication, and deep involvement in the work
C. An employee who performs only tasks listed in the job description
D. An employee who is satisfied with pay but dislikes the work
Answer: B — An employee who shows energy, dedication, and deep involvement in the work.
Rationale: Work engagement involves vigor, dedication, and absorption in one’s work. It is more
active and energetic than simple job satisfaction.
6. Which behavior is an example of organizational citizenship behavior?
A. Arriving late but completing assigned tasks
B. Refusing to help coworkers because it is not required
C. Voluntarily helping a new employee learn the organization’s procedures
,D. Performing only work that results in a bonus
Answer: C — Voluntarily helping a new employee learn the organization’s procedures.
Rationale: Organizational citizenship behaviors are voluntary actions that support coworkers or the
organization but are not necessarily required or formally rewarded.
7. What is a psychological contract?
A. An employee’s unwritten beliefs about mutual obligations between the employee and employer
B. A legally binding employment agreement
C. A company’s formal safety policy
D. A contract between two competing organizations
Answer: A — An employee’s unwritten beliefs about mutual obligations between the employee and
employer.
Rationale: Psychological contracts include informal expectations such as fairness, career
opportunities, loyalty, flexibility, and recognition.
8. Which situation best demonstrates person-organization fit?
A. An employee accepts the highest-paying position available
B. A manager assigns an employee to a project based only on seniority
C. An employee and supervisor have similar technical skills
D. An employee’s personal values align with the organization’s values and culture
Answer: D — An employee’s personal values align with the organization’s values and culture.
Rationale: Person-organization fit refers to compatibility between an individual’s values, beliefs, and
preferences and those of the organization.
9. Which statement best describes inclusion?
A. Hiring people from different demographic groups
B. Creating an environment in which diverse employees are valued, heard, and able to contribute
C. Requiring all employees to behave identically
D. Providing the same training course to every employee
, Answer: B — Creating an environment in which diverse employees are valued, heard, and able to
contribute.
Rationale: Diversity concerns representation, while inclusion concerns whether people are
respected, involved, and able to participate fully.
10. In the open-systems perspective, an organization is best described as a system that:
A. Operates independently from its environment
B. Focuses only on internal employees
C. Takes inputs, transforms them, produces outputs, and receives feedback
D. Avoids changing established procedures
Answer: C — Takes inputs, transforms them, produces outputs, and receives feedback.
Rationale: Open systems interact continuously with their external environment through resources,
information, customers, regulations, and feedback.
Section 2: Individual Behavior and Perception
11. Which Big Five personality trait is most associated with dependability and organization?
A. Conscientiousness
B. Openness
C. Extraversion
D. Agreeableness
Answer: A — Conscientiousness.
Rationale: Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, persistent, dependable, and
achievement-oriented.
12. Which emotional-intelligence ability involves recognizing the emotions and needs of other
people?
A. Self-management
B. Self-awareness
C. Internal motivation
D. Social awareness
questions and verified answers with
rationale updated 2026 graded A+
Section 1: Organizational Behavior Foundations
1. What is the primary focus of organizational behavior?
A. Preparing financial statements
B. Studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structures influence behavior
C. Establishing legal requirements for corporations
D. Designing computer networks
Answer: B — Studying how individuals, groups, and organizational structures influence behavior.
Rationale: Organizational behavior examines how people behave individually and collectively within
organizations and how organizational systems affect that behavior.
2. Which statement best describes organizational efficiency?
A. Completing work quickly regardless of quality
B. Achieving goals without considering resources
C. Achieving desired results while using resources wisely
D. Increasing the number of organizational rules
Answer: C — Achieving desired results while using resources wisely.
Rationale: Efficiency is concerned with the relationship between outputs and inputs. An efficient
organization accomplishes objectives while minimizing wasted time, money, materials, or effort.
3. Which practice best represents evidence-based management?
A. Combining research evidence, organizational data, professional expertise, and stakeholder
concerns
B. Making decisions solely according to the manager’s personal experience
,C. Copying the practices of the most successful competitor
D. Choosing the least expensive alternative in every situation
Answer: A — Combining research evidence, organizational data, professional expertise, and
stakeholder concerns.
Rationale: Evidence-based management uses multiple reliable sources of information rather than
relying exclusively on intuition, tradition, or anecdotal experience.
4. What does the contingency approach to management suggest?
A. One management style is appropriate for every employee
B. Rules should replace managerial judgment
C. Employees should make all organizational decisions
D. The best management approach depends on the situation
Answer: D — The best management approach depends on the situation.
Rationale: Contingency theory states that effective leadership and management practices depend on
factors such as the task, environment, employee readiness, and organizational conditions.
5. Which employee is demonstrating work engagement?
A. An employee who is present but mentally disconnected
B. An employee who shows energy, dedication, and deep involvement in the work
C. An employee who performs only tasks listed in the job description
D. An employee who is satisfied with pay but dislikes the work
Answer: B — An employee who shows energy, dedication, and deep involvement in the work.
Rationale: Work engagement involves vigor, dedication, and absorption in one’s work. It is more
active and energetic than simple job satisfaction.
6. Which behavior is an example of organizational citizenship behavior?
A. Arriving late but completing assigned tasks
B. Refusing to help coworkers because it is not required
C. Voluntarily helping a new employee learn the organization’s procedures
,D. Performing only work that results in a bonus
Answer: C — Voluntarily helping a new employee learn the organization’s procedures.
Rationale: Organizational citizenship behaviors are voluntary actions that support coworkers or the
organization but are not necessarily required or formally rewarded.
7. What is a psychological contract?
A. An employee’s unwritten beliefs about mutual obligations between the employee and employer
B. A legally binding employment agreement
C. A company’s formal safety policy
D. A contract between two competing organizations
Answer: A — An employee’s unwritten beliefs about mutual obligations between the employee and
employer.
Rationale: Psychological contracts include informal expectations such as fairness, career
opportunities, loyalty, flexibility, and recognition.
8. Which situation best demonstrates person-organization fit?
A. An employee accepts the highest-paying position available
B. A manager assigns an employee to a project based only on seniority
C. An employee and supervisor have similar technical skills
D. An employee’s personal values align with the organization’s values and culture
Answer: D — An employee’s personal values align with the organization’s values and culture.
Rationale: Person-organization fit refers to compatibility between an individual’s values, beliefs, and
preferences and those of the organization.
9. Which statement best describes inclusion?
A. Hiring people from different demographic groups
B. Creating an environment in which diverse employees are valued, heard, and able to contribute
C. Requiring all employees to behave identically
D. Providing the same training course to every employee
, Answer: B — Creating an environment in which diverse employees are valued, heard, and able to
contribute.
Rationale: Diversity concerns representation, while inclusion concerns whether people are
respected, involved, and able to participate fully.
10. In the open-systems perspective, an organization is best described as a system that:
A. Operates independently from its environment
B. Focuses only on internal employees
C. Takes inputs, transforms them, produces outputs, and receives feedback
D. Avoids changing established procedures
Answer: C — Takes inputs, transforms them, produces outputs, and receives feedback.
Rationale: Open systems interact continuously with their external environment through resources,
information, customers, regulations, and feedback.
Section 2: Individual Behavior and Perception
11. Which Big Five personality trait is most associated with dependability and organization?
A. Conscientiousness
B. Openness
C. Extraversion
D. Agreeableness
Answer: A — Conscientiousness.
Rationale: Conscientious individuals tend to be organized, responsible, persistent, dependable, and
achievement-oriented.
12. Which emotional-intelligence ability involves recognizing the emotions and needs of other
people?
A. Self-management
B. Self-awareness
C. Internal motivation
D. Social awareness
