CTM ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWER KEY
●● anchor
Answer: Factor that provides stability- would provide support to a
subject who is struggling to give a reason NOT to engage in violence
DeBecker, 1997
●● Approach behavior
Answer: Frequency and intensity of the subjects attempts to be
physically close to the target includes successful and unsuccessful
attempts
●● Attack related behavior
Answer: Needed in order to launch a physical assualt on a target
displayed as in the steps on the pathway to violence Calhoun and
Weston, 2009
●● behavioral indicators
Answer: Observable action that provides evidence of an underlying
element that may be relevant to a threat assessment and management
case Bulling et al, 2008
●● Breach
,Answer: Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and
Weston, 2003
●● Bunker
Answer: Individual or groups becomes defensive and is surrounded by
fortifications to keep information in and detractors out. Can lead to
overestimation of risk Calhoun and Weston, 2012
●● Black Swan Events
Answer: incidents that describe highly improbable but high-impact
events Meloy and Talib,2007
●● CirCon factors
Answer: Circumstances, content, and contextual factors related to a
subjects inappropriate communication or contact Calhoun and Weston,
2003
●● congnitive complexity
Answer: Psychological construct- ability to perceive nuances or subtle
differences: high- sensitive to small changes, low- less likely to detect
differences (intuition/street smarts) Scott, 1962
●● contextual factors
, Answer: Situational/ environmental factors that surround a subject- can
be personal, organizational, or on a larger scale Scalora and Bulling,
2007
●● credible threat
Answer: Direct or veiled- thought to be real: tested by the threateners
ability and intent to carry it out DeBecker, 1997
●● Domino Effect
Answer: Cumulative effect on an event can have when it initiated a
succession of similar events - tends to lose inhibitors to affect other
aspects in subjects life and creates a downward spiral Calhoun and
Weston, 2012
●● energy burst
Answer: Preattack increase in intensity, frequency, or duration of a
variety of warning behaviors usually indicate an att i is imminent Meloy,
2011
●● Final act behavior
Answer: Prebreach preparations made by threatened before the threat is
carried out. Can include dissemination of reason for the attack or last
will and testament Calhoun and Weston,2009
●● Fixation
COMPLETE ANSWER KEY
●● anchor
Answer: Factor that provides stability- would provide support to a
subject who is struggling to give a reason NOT to engage in violence
DeBecker, 1997
●● Approach behavior
Answer: Frequency and intensity of the subjects attempts to be
physically close to the target includes successful and unsuccessful
attempts
●● Attack related behavior
Answer: Needed in order to launch a physical assualt on a target
displayed as in the steps on the pathway to violence Calhoun and
Weston, 2009
●● behavioral indicators
Answer: Observable action that provides evidence of an underlying
element that may be relevant to a threat assessment and management
case Bulling et al, 2008
●● Breach
,Answer: Compromised or circumvented security measures Calhoun and
Weston, 2003
●● Bunker
Answer: Individual or groups becomes defensive and is surrounded by
fortifications to keep information in and detractors out. Can lead to
overestimation of risk Calhoun and Weston, 2012
●● Black Swan Events
Answer: incidents that describe highly improbable but high-impact
events Meloy and Talib,2007
●● CirCon factors
Answer: Circumstances, content, and contextual factors related to a
subjects inappropriate communication or contact Calhoun and Weston,
2003
●● congnitive complexity
Answer: Psychological construct- ability to perceive nuances or subtle
differences: high- sensitive to small changes, low- less likely to detect
differences (intuition/street smarts) Scott, 1962
●● contextual factors
, Answer: Situational/ environmental factors that surround a subject- can
be personal, organizational, or on a larger scale Scalora and Bulling,
2007
●● credible threat
Answer: Direct or veiled- thought to be real: tested by the threateners
ability and intent to carry it out DeBecker, 1997
●● Domino Effect
Answer: Cumulative effect on an event can have when it initiated a
succession of similar events - tends to lose inhibitors to affect other
aspects in subjects life and creates a downward spiral Calhoun and
Weston, 2012
●● energy burst
Answer: Preattack increase in intensity, frequency, or duration of a
variety of warning behaviors usually indicate an att i is imminent Meloy,
2011
●● Final act behavior
Answer: Prebreach preparations made by threatened before the threat is
carried out. Can include dissemination of reason for the attack or last
will and testament Calhoun and Weston,2009
●● Fixation
