BIOS 242 MICROBIOLOGY EXAM
1QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
6 branches of microbiology - ANSWER1. Medical microbiology
2. Public Health microbiology and Epidemiology
3. Immunology
4. Industrial Microbiology
5. Agricultural Microbiology
6. Environmental Microbiology
Medical Microbiology - ANSWERDeals with microbes that cause diseases in humans
and animals
Immunology - ANSWERStudy of the immune system. Study of protective substances
and cells (body defenses) produced in response to infection
Agricultural Microbiology - ANSWERconcerned with the relationships between microbes
and domesticated plants and animals
Environmental Microbiology - ANSWERbranch of microbiology studying the role of
microorganisms in soils, water, and other habitats
Industrial Microbiology - ANSWER- safeguards our food and water
- biotechnology
- microbes used to create amino acids, beer, drugs, enzymes, and vitamins
Public Health microbiology and Epidemiology - ANSWERmonitor and control the spread
of diseases in communities
-- - ANSWERMicrobes such as bacteria make 70% of the oxygen we breathe through
photsynthesis.
3 ways media can be classified - ANSWER1. Physical State
2. Chemical Composition
3. Functional Type
defined media (synthetic) - ANSWERexact chemical composition is known. It is under
the chemical composition of the 3 ways media can be classified
complex media - ANSWERcontain some ingredients of unknown composition and/or
concentration. It is under the chemical composition of the 3 ways how media can be
classified
, general purpose media - ANSWERGrows many types or a broad spectrum of microbes.
As a rule, they are of the complex variety and contain a mixture of nutrients that could
support the growth of a variety of microbial life. It is under the functional type of 3 ways
how media can be classified
enriched media - ANSWERcontains complex organic substances such as blood, serum,
hemoglobin, or special growth factors required by fastidious microbes. An enriched
medium contains complex organic substances such as blood, serum, hemoglobin, or
special growth factors (specific vitamins, amino acids) that certain species require in
order to grow. It is under the functional type of 3 ways how media can be classified
selective media - ANSWERSuppress unwanted microbes and encourage desired
microbes. encourages a select microorganism to grow by containing one or more
agents that inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. It is under the functional type of
3 ways how media can be classified
differential media - ANSWERallow multiple types of microorganisms to grow. Allow
multiple types of microorganisms to grow, but display visible differences between
colonies. It is under the functional type of 3 ways how media can be classified
3 types of media - ANSWER1. selective
2. complex
3. differential
contrast - ANSWERContrast degree to which an object stands out from it's
surroundings. Contrast is measured by a quality called the refractive index. Refractive
index refers to the degree of bending that light undergoes as it passes from one
medium (such as water or glass) to another medium, such as some bacterial cells.
resolution - ANSWERCapacity of an optical system to distinguish or separate two
adjacent objects or points from one another. The human eye can resolve two small
objects as separate points just as long as the two objects are 0.1 - 0.2 millimeters apart.
Louis Pasteur - ANSWERA French chemist, this man discovered that heat could kill
bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids including milk, wine, and beer.
Louis Pasteur #2 - ANSWERPasteur discovered through experiment that life doesn't
create out of nothing. He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation through his
swan-neck experiment.
Father of Microbiology - ANSWERLouis Pasteur
Robert Koch - ANSWERlaid down the conditions, known as Koch's postulates, which
must be satisfied before it can be accepted that particular bacteria cause particular
diseases
1QUESTIONS & SOLUTIONS
6 branches of microbiology - ANSWER1. Medical microbiology
2. Public Health microbiology and Epidemiology
3. Immunology
4. Industrial Microbiology
5. Agricultural Microbiology
6. Environmental Microbiology
Medical Microbiology - ANSWERDeals with microbes that cause diseases in humans
and animals
Immunology - ANSWERStudy of the immune system. Study of protective substances
and cells (body defenses) produced in response to infection
Agricultural Microbiology - ANSWERconcerned with the relationships between microbes
and domesticated plants and animals
Environmental Microbiology - ANSWERbranch of microbiology studying the role of
microorganisms in soils, water, and other habitats
Industrial Microbiology - ANSWER- safeguards our food and water
- biotechnology
- microbes used to create amino acids, beer, drugs, enzymes, and vitamins
Public Health microbiology and Epidemiology - ANSWERmonitor and control the spread
of diseases in communities
-- - ANSWERMicrobes such as bacteria make 70% of the oxygen we breathe through
photsynthesis.
3 ways media can be classified - ANSWER1. Physical State
2. Chemical Composition
3. Functional Type
defined media (synthetic) - ANSWERexact chemical composition is known. It is under
the chemical composition of the 3 ways media can be classified
complex media - ANSWERcontain some ingredients of unknown composition and/or
concentration. It is under the chemical composition of the 3 ways how media can be
classified
, general purpose media - ANSWERGrows many types or a broad spectrum of microbes.
As a rule, they are of the complex variety and contain a mixture of nutrients that could
support the growth of a variety of microbial life. It is under the functional type of 3 ways
how media can be classified
enriched media - ANSWERcontains complex organic substances such as blood, serum,
hemoglobin, or special growth factors required by fastidious microbes. An enriched
medium contains complex organic substances such as blood, serum, hemoglobin, or
special growth factors (specific vitamins, amino acids) that certain species require in
order to grow. It is under the functional type of 3 ways how media can be classified
selective media - ANSWERSuppress unwanted microbes and encourage desired
microbes. encourages a select microorganism to grow by containing one or more
agents that inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. It is under the functional type of
3 ways how media can be classified
differential media - ANSWERallow multiple types of microorganisms to grow. Allow
multiple types of microorganisms to grow, but display visible differences between
colonies. It is under the functional type of 3 ways how media can be classified
3 types of media - ANSWER1. selective
2. complex
3. differential
contrast - ANSWERContrast degree to which an object stands out from it's
surroundings. Contrast is measured by a quality called the refractive index. Refractive
index refers to the degree of bending that light undergoes as it passes from one
medium (such as water or glass) to another medium, such as some bacterial cells.
resolution - ANSWERCapacity of an optical system to distinguish or separate two
adjacent objects or points from one another. The human eye can resolve two small
objects as separate points just as long as the two objects are 0.1 - 0.2 millimeters apart.
Louis Pasteur - ANSWERA French chemist, this man discovered that heat could kill
bacteria that otherwise spoiled liquids including milk, wine, and beer.
Louis Pasteur #2 - ANSWERPasteur discovered through experiment that life doesn't
create out of nothing. He disproved the theory of spontaneous generation through his
swan-neck experiment.
Father of Microbiology - ANSWERLouis Pasteur
Robert Koch - ANSWERlaid down the conditions, known as Koch's postulates, which
must be satisfied before it can be accepted that particular bacteria cause particular
diseases
