BIO 253
Final Exam | Practice Questions with Answers &
Detailed Explanations
This Exam Includes
• BIO 253 Final Exam preparation
Practice questions
Correct answers
Detailed explanations
Key biology concepts
, BIO 253 Final Exam | Practice Questions with
Answers & Detailed Explanations
1. Which are organs of the urinary system?
A. Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
B. Heart, lungs, liver, spleen
C. Brain, spinal cord, nerves
D. Stomach, intestines, pancreas
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The PDF lists kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and
urethra.
2. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Glomerulus
D. Ureter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit; there are about 1
million per kidney.
3. What two main parts make up the nephron?
A. Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
,B. Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
C. Cortex and medulla
D. Ureter and urethra
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron consists of the renal corpuscle and renal
tubule.
4. The glomerulus is made of:
A. Capillaries
B. Neurons
C. Smooth muscle
D. Lymph tissue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The glomerulus is a ball of capillaries that filters blood
plasma.
5. Which processes make urine in the kidney?
A. Filtration, reabsorption, secretion
B. Diffusion, osmosis, phagocytosis
C. Systole, diastole, conduction
D. Inspiration, expiration, residual volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and
secretion.
, 6. Which nephron type has long loops that deeply invade the
medulla?
A. Juxtamedullary
B. Cortical
C. Afferent
D. Efferent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops and help
produce concentrated urine.
7. What is the function of aldosterone?
A. Increases sodium and water reabsorption
B. Increases sodium excretion
C. Decreases water reabsorption
D. Dilates bronchioles
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone decreases sodium and water loss in urine
by returning them to blood.
8. What is the effect of ADH?
A. Increases water reabsorption
B. Increases urine volume
C. Secreted by the anterior pituitary
D. Causes sodium excretion
Final Exam | Practice Questions with Answers &
Detailed Explanations
This Exam Includes
• BIO 253 Final Exam preparation
Practice questions
Correct answers
Detailed explanations
Key biology concepts
, BIO 253 Final Exam | Practice Questions with
Answers & Detailed Explanations
1. Which are organs of the urinary system?
A. Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
B. Heart, lungs, liver, spleen
C. Brain, spinal cord, nerves
D. Stomach, intestines, pancreas
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The PDF lists kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and
urethra.
2. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A. Neuron
B. Nephron
C. Glomerulus
D. Ureter
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nephron is the functional unit; there are about 1
million per kidney.
3. What two main parts make up the nephron?
A. Renal corpuscle and renal tubule
,B. Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule
C. Cortex and medulla
D. Ureter and urethra
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nephron consists of the renal corpuscle and renal
tubule.
4. The glomerulus is made of:
A. Capillaries
B. Neurons
C. Smooth muscle
D. Lymph tissue
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The glomerulus is a ball of capillaries that filters blood
plasma.
5. Which processes make urine in the kidney?
A. Filtration, reabsorption, secretion
B. Diffusion, osmosis, phagocytosis
C. Systole, diastole, conduction
D. Inspiration, expiration, residual volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urine formation involves filtration, reabsorption, and
secretion.
, 6. Which nephron type has long loops that deeply invade the
medulla?
A. Juxtamedullary
B. Cortical
C. Afferent
D. Efferent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Juxtamedullary nephrons have long loops and help
produce concentrated urine.
7. What is the function of aldosterone?
A. Increases sodium and water reabsorption
B. Increases sodium excretion
C. Decreases water reabsorption
D. Dilates bronchioles
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aldosterone decreases sodium and water loss in urine
by returning them to blood.
8. What is the effect of ADH?
A. Increases water reabsorption
B. Increases urine volume
C. Secreted by the anterior pituitary
D. Causes sodium excretion
