PEDS Exam 2026 2027 Questions and Correct Answers Graded A+ |
Exams of Pediatrics Comprehensive Assessment
Updated Questions and Verified Answers | 100 Questions | 100% VERIFIED
Introduction
This comprehensive assessment measures the pediatric knowledge, developmental
awareness, and clinical judgment required to care for infants, children, and adolescents and
to support their families. It spans eight core domains: Pediatric Growth and Development;
Pediatric Assessment and Triage; Pediatric Respiratory and Cardiovascular Emergencies;
Pediatric Neurological and Metabolic Disorders; Pediatric Gastrointestinal and
Genitourinary Conditions; Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunizations; Pediatric
Pharmacology and Fluid Management; and Family-Centered Care and Psychosocial Support.
Each question that follows targets a distinct sub-topic within this blueprint, from
developmental theory, milestones, growth parameters, and anticipatory guidance, through
the pediatric assessment triangle, age specific vital signs, pain and neurologic scales,
perfusion assessment, and hydration evaluation, croup, epiglottitis, bronchiolitis, asthma,
foreign body aspiration, cyanotic heart disease, heart failure, and dysrhythmia
management, febrile seizures, meningitis, raised intracranial pressure, shunt malfunction,
neonatal hypoglycemia, metabolic screening, ketoacidosis, and hyperbilirubinemia, pyloric
stenosis, intussusception, malrotation, reflux, dehydration, cleft repair, and renal
conditions, immunization schedules, contraindications, communicable disease precautions,
and antimicrobial stewardship, weight based dosing, fluid maintenance and resuscitation,
transfusion administration, and high alert medication safeguards, and family partnership,
atraumatic care, developmental responses to hospitalization, sibling support, reporting
obligations, adolescent confidentiality, interpreter use, and discharge teaching. Mastery of
these domains supports professional certification and strengthens pediatric nursing clinical
execution, child safety, and family centered outcomes.
1. An infant who develops a sense of trust when needs are consistently met is
resolving the developmental task described by:
A. Industry versus inferiority, the task of the school age child
B. Identity versus role confusion, the task of adolescence
C. Trust versus mistrust, the central task of infancy
D. Initiative versus guilt, the task of the preschool child
Correct Answer: C. Trust versus mistrust, the central task of infancy
Rationale: Consistent caregiving in the first year builds trust and security. Industry,
identity, and initiative characterize later developmental stages.
2. A child who understands that objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen
has developed:
, A. Conservation, which develops during the concrete operational stage
B. Abstract reasoning, which develops during the formal operational stage
C. Object permanence, which appears during the sensorimotor stage
D. Egocentric thinking, which characterizes the preoperational stage
Correct Answer: C. Object permanence, which appears during the sensorimotor
stage
Rationale: Object permanence emerges in infancy as the child recognizes that hidden
objects still exist. Conservation, abstract reasoning, and egocentrism develop at later
cognitive stages.
3. A typical infant develops a pincer grasp, using the thumb and forefinger, at
approximately:
A. Three months of age
B. Nine to ten months of age
C. Fifteen months of age
D. Two months of age
Correct Answer: B. Nine to ten months of age
Rationale: The pincer grasp appears near the end of the first year and supports self
feeding with small items. Younger infants use a palmar grasp, and three and two months
are too early for any grasp of this type.
4. An infant whose birth weight was three point two kilograms should weigh
approximately how much at twelve months of age?
A. Four point eight kilograms, since birth weight typically doubles by the first birthday
B. Six point four kilograms, since birth weight increases by half within the first year
C. Nine point six kilograms, since birth weight typically triples by the first birthday
D. Sixteen kilograms, since birth weight typically increases fivefold
Correct Answer: C. Nine point six kilograms, since birth weight typically triples by
the first birthday
Rationale: Birth weight characteristically doubles by five to six months and triples by
one year. Doubling, one and a half times, and fivefold increases do not reflect expected
growth.
5. The anterior fontanel in a healthy infant normally closes by:
A. Two to four weeks of age
B. Six months of age in all infants
C. Three years of age
D. Twelve to eighteen months of age
Correct Answer: D. Twelve to eighteen months of age
Rationale: The anterior fontanel closes between twelve and eighteen months, while the
posterior fontanel closes earlier. Two to four weeks, six months, and three years do not
reflect normal closure timing.
6. A parent asks when the first primary tooth usually erupts. The nurse should reply:
, A. At about two months of age, with primary teeth complete by one year
B. At about six months of age, with twenty primary teeth present by about two and a
half to three years
C. At about twelve months of age, with primary teeth complete by eighteen months
D. At about four years of age, when permanent teeth begin to replace primary teeth
Correct Answer: B. At about six months of age, with twenty primary teeth present
by about two and a half to three years
Rationale: Primary dentition normally begins near six months and is complete by
roughly two and a half to three years. The other timing statements do not reflect typical
dental development.
7. Stranger anxiety typically appears at:
A. Birth and persists unchanged throughout childhood
B. Two weeks of age and disappears by two months
C. Three years of age and indicates a behavioral disorder
D. Six to eight months of age and is a normal developmental milestone
Correct Answer: D. Six to eight months of age and is a normal developmental
milestone
Rationale: Infants begin to distinguish familiar caregivers from strangers in the second
half of the first year. Appearing at birth, resolving by two months, or beginning at three
years does not match normal development.
8. Two toddlers sit side by side, each playing with a separate toy and occasionally
exchanging items. This behavior is:
A. Cooperative play, which requires shared rules and goals
B. Parallel play, which is typical of toddler development
C. Associative play, which involves loosely organized group activity
D. Solitary play, which involves no awareness of peers
Correct Answer: B. Parallel play, which is typical of toddler development
Rationale: Parallel play describes toddlers playing alongside one another with limited
interaction. Cooperative and associative play develop later, and solitary play shows no
peer awareness.
9. Which screening tool evaluates developmental progress in areas such as gross
motor, fine motor, language, and personal social skills in young children?
A. A standardized developmental screening instrument administered at well child visits
and when concerns arise
B. A hearing screening performed in the newborn period
C. A hemoglobin measurement obtained at twelve months
D. A lead level drawn at twenty four months
Correct Answer: A. A standardized developmental screening instrument
administered at well child visits and when concerns arise
Exams of Pediatrics Comprehensive Assessment
Updated Questions and Verified Answers | 100 Questions | 100% VERIFIED
Introduction
This comprehensive assessment measures the pediatric knowledge, developmental
awareness, and clinical judgment required to care for infants, children, and adolescents and
to support their families. It spans eight core domains: Pediatric Growth and Development;
Pediatric Assessment and Triage; Pediatric Respiratory and Cardiovascular Emergencies;
Pediatric Neurological and Metabolic Disorders; Pediatric Gastrointestinal and
Genitourinary Conditions; Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunizations; Pediatric
Pharmacology and Fluid Management; and Family-Centered Care and Psychosocial Support.
Each question that follows targets a distinct sub-topic within this blueprint, from
developmental theory, milestones, growth parameters, and anticipatory guidance, through
the pediatric assessment triangle, age specific vital signs, pain and neurologic scales,
perfusion assessment, and hydration evaluation, croup, epiglottitis, bronchiolitis, asthma,
foreign body aspiration, cyanotic heart disease, heart failure, and dysrhythmia
management, febrile seizures, meningitis, raised intracranial pressure, shunt malfunction,
neonatal hypoglycemia, metabolic screening, ketoacidosis, and hyperbilirubinemia, pyloric
stenosis, intussusception, malrotation, reflux, dehydration, cleft repair, and renal
conditions, immunization schedules, contraindications, communicable disease precautions,
and antimicrobial stewardship, weight based dosing, fluid maintenance and resuscitation,
transfusion administration, and high alert medication safeguards, and family partnership,
atraumatic care, developmental responses to hospitalization, sibling support, reporting
obligations, adolescent confidentiality, interpreter use, and discharge teaching. Mastery of
these domains supports professional certification and strengthens pediatric nursing clinical
execution, child safety, and family centered outcomes.
1. An infant who develops a sense of trust when needs are consistently met is
resolving the developmental task described by:
A. Industry versus inferiority, the task of the school age child
B. Identity versus role confusion, the task of adolescence
C. Trust versus mistrust, the central task of infancy
D. Initiative versus guilt, the task of the preschool child
Correct Answer: C. Trust versus mistrust, the central task of infancy
Rationale: Consistent caregiving in the first year builds trust and security. Industry,
identity, and initiative characterize later developmental stages.
2. A child who understands that objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen
has developed:
, A. Conservation, which develops during the concrete operational stage
B. Abstract reasoning, which develops during the formal operational stage
C. Object permanence, which appears during the sensorimotor stage
D. Egocentric thinking, which characterizes the preoperational stage
Correct Answer: C. Object permanence, which appears during the sensorimotor
stage
Rationale: Object permanence emerges in infancy as the child recognizes that hidden
objects still exist. Conservation, abstract reasoning, and egocentrism develop at later
cognitive stages.
3. A typical infant develops a pincer grasp, using the thumb and forefinger, at
approximately:
A. Three months of age
B. Nine to ten months of age
C. Fifteen months of age
D. Two months of age
Correct Answer: B. Nine to ten months of age
Rationale: The pincer grasp appears near the end of the first year and supports self
feeding with small items. Younger infants use a palmar grasp, and three and two months
are too early for any grasp of this type.
4. An infant whose birth weight was three point two kilograms should weigh
approximately how much at twelve months of age?
A. Four point eight kilograms, since birth weight typically doubles by the first birthday
B. Six point four kilograms, since birth weight increases by half within the first year
C. Nine point six kilograms, since birth weight typically triples by the first birthday
D. Sixteen kilograms, since birth weight typically increases fivefold
Correct Answer: C. Nine point six kilograms, since birth weight typically triples by
the first birthday
Rationale: Birth weight characteristically doubles by five to six months and triples by
one year. Doubling, one and a half times, and fivefold increases do not reflect expected
growth.
5. The anterior fontanel in a healthy infant normally closes by:
A. Two to four weeks of age
B. Six months of age in all infants
C. Three years of age
D. Twelve to eighteen months of age
Correct Answer: D. Twelve to eighteen months of age
Rationale: The anterior fontanel closes between twelve and eighteen months, while the
posterior fontanel closes earlier. Two to four weeks, six months, and three years do not
reflect normal closure timing.
6. A parent asks when the first primary tooth usually erupts. The nurse should reply:
, A. At about two months of age, with primary teeth complete by one year
B. At about six months of age, with twenty primary teeth present by about two and a
half to three years
C. At about twelve months of age, with primary teeth complete by eighteen months
D. At about four years of age, when permanent teeth begin to replace primary teeth
Correct Answer: B. At about six months of age, with twenty primary teeth present
by about two and a half to three years
Rationale: Primary dentition normally begins near six months and is complete by
roughly two and a half to three years. The other timing statements do not reflect typical
dental development.
7. Stranger anxiety typically appears at:
A. Birth and persists unchanged throughout childhood
B. Two weeks of age and disappears by two months
C. Three years of age and indicates a behavioral disorder
D. Six to eight months of age and is a normal developmental milestone
Correct Answer: D. Six to eight months of age and is a normal developmental
milestone
Rationale: Infants begin to distinguish familiar caregivers from strangers in the second
half of the first year. Appearing at birth, resolving by two months, or beginning at three
years does not match normal development.
8. Two toddlers sit side by side, each playing with a separate toy and occasionally
exchanging items. This behavior is:
A. Cooperative play, which requires shared rules and goals
B. Parallel play, which is typical of toddler development
C. Associative play, which involves loosely organized group activity
D. Solitary play, which involves no awareness of peers
Correct Answer: B. Parallel play, which is typical of toddler development
Rationale: Parallel play describes toddlers playing alongside one another with limited
interaction. Cooperative and associative play develop later, and solitary play shows no
peer awareness.
9. Which screening tool evaluates developmental progress in areas such as gross
motor, fine motor, language, and personal social skills in young children?
A. A standardized developmental screening instrument administered at well child visits
and when concerns arise
B. A hearing screening performed in the newborn period
C. A hemoglobin measurement obtained at twelve months
D. A lead level drawn at twenty four months
Correct Answer: A. A standardized developmental screening instrument
administered at well child visits and when concerns arise
