NURO 6548 MODULE 6 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | NURO 6548 STUDY GUIDE &
PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
1 of 153
Term
nicotinic receptors
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in the autonomic division of the PNS, a neuron that has its cell body located in an
autonomic ganglion (where a pre-ganglionic neuron synapses with it) and whose
axon synapses with the target organ
motor neurons in the central nervous system that control the lower motor neurons
in the peripheral nervous system
from the primary motor cortex down to the spinal cord
fine movements, posture, balance
, On all ANS postganglionic neurons, in the adrenal medulla, and at
neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle
Excitatory when ACh binding occurs
Create inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) due to opening of channels that
allow chloride influx or potassium efflux; examples: GABA and glycine
Don't know?
2 of 153
Definition
Occurs in patients with spinal cord injuries at the T6 level and above
• Signs and symptoms are due to vasoconstriction and sympathetic
response below the level of the lesion and by the compensatory
parasympathetic response above the level of the lesion
• Major symptoms include hypertension, headache, sweating, flushing
or pallor above the level of the lesion, and bradycardia
• The most common precipitants involve the urinary tract; bladder
distention; urinary tract infections (UTIs), genital stimulation, urologic
procedures, and catheterization
• Treatment should begin immediately, before serious complications
result, such as intracranial hypertension, seizures, or intracranial
hemorrhage
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, Brown-Séquard syndrome Classifications of pain
Autonomic hyperreflexia Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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3 of 153
Term
Transmission
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a diagnostic sign for meningitis marked by the person's inability to extend the leg
completely when the thigh is flexed upon the abdomen and the person is sitting or
lying down
Motor and sensory deficits (contralateral)
• Motor: flaccidity or paralysis; recovery occurs with onset of spasticity
• Sensory: may involve neglect or visual impairment
• Language deficits • Aphasia occurs with brain damage to the dominant cerebral
hemisphere
• Cognitive deficits • Impaired language skills, spatial relationship skills,
concentration, reasoning, and short-term memory
, An inherited disorder in which the autonomic nervous system functions abnormally,
resulting in reduced tear gland secretions, poor vasomotor control, motor
incoordination, skin blotching, absence of pain sensation, difficulty in swallowing,
hyporeflexia, excessive vomiting, and emotional instability.
Action potentials generated by nociceptors are transmitted to the CNS by
means of specialized sensory fibers
• Most sensory afferent pain fibers enter the spinal cord by way of the
posterior nerve roots (cell bodies of pain neurons located in the dorsal root
ganglion)
Pain signals enter the spinal cord through the dorsal horn, synapse on
interneurons, and then cross the cord and project centrally in the anterolateral
tract
• The brain can localize a pain sensation to a particular part of the body
because nociceptor pathways are kept in specific anatomic order in the cord
(sensory dermatome) and somatosensory cortex
Don't know?
4 of 153
Definition
1. Cell body
2. Dendrite
3. Axon
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ANSWERS | NURO 6548 STUDY GUIDE &
PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
1 of 153
Term
nicotinic receptors
Give this one a go later!
in the autonomic division of the PNS, a neuron that has its cell body located in an
autonomic ganglion (where a pre-ganglionic neuron synapses with it) and whose
axon synapses with the target organ
motor neurons in the central nervous system that control the lower motor neurons
in the peripheral nervous system
from the primary motor cortex down to the spinal cord
fine movements, posture, balance
, On all ANS postganglionic neurons, in the adrenal medulla, and at
neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle
Excitatory when ACh binding occurs
Create inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) due to opening of channels that
allow chloride influx or potassium efflux; examples: GABA and glycine
Don't know?
2 of 153
Definition
Occurs in patients with spinal cord injuries at the T6 level and above
• Signs and symptoms are due to vasoconstriction and sympathetic
response below the level of the lesion and by the compensatory
parasympathetic response above the level of the lesion
• Major symptoms include hypertension, headache, sweating, flushing
or pallor above the level of the lesion, and bradycardia
• The most common precipitants involve the urinary tract; bladder
distention; urinary tract infections (UTIs), genital stimulation, urologic
procedures, and catheterization
• Treatment should begin immediately, before serious complications
result, such as intracranial hypertension, seizures, or intracranial
hemorrhage
Give this one a go later!
, Brown-Séquard syndrome Classifications of pain
Autonomic hyperreflexia Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Don't know?
3 of 153
Term
Transmission
Give this one a go later!
a diagnostic sign for meningitis marked by the person's inability to extend the leg
completely when the thigh is flexed upon the abdomen and the person is sitting or
lying down
Motor and sensory deficits (contralateral)
• Motor: flaccidity or paralysis; recovery occurs with onset of spasticity
• Sensory: may involve neglect or visual impairment
• Language deficits • Aphasia occurs with brain damage to the dominant cerebral
hemisphere
• Cognitive deficits • Impaired language skills, spatial relationship skills,
concentration, reasoning, and short-term memory
, An inherited disorder in which the autonomic nervous system functions abnormally,
resulting in reduced tear gland secretions, poor vasomotor control, motor
incoordination, skin blotching, absence of pain sensation, difficulty in swallowing,
hyporeflexia, excessive vomiting, and emotional instability.
Action potentials generated by nociceptors are transmitted to the CNS by
means of specialized sensory fibers
• Most sensory afferent pain fibers enter the spinal cord by way of the
posterior nerve roots (cell bodies of pain neurons located in the dorsal root
ganglion)
Pain signals enter the spinal cord through the dorsal horn, synapse on
interneurons, and then cross the cord and project centrally in the anterolateral
tract
• The brain can localize a pain sensation to a particular part of the body
because nociceptor pathways are kept in specific anatomic order in the cord
(sensory dermatome) and somatosensory cortex
Don't know?
4 of 153
Definition
1. Cell body
2. Dendrite
3. Axon
Give this one a go later!
