,NSG-320 Adult Health Nursing I — INSTANT
PDF DOWNLOAD — Verified NSG-320 Exam 1 |
Grand Canyon University | Q & A | 2026/2027
Edition
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. "My body still makes insulin, but it doesn't work properly."
B. "My immune system destroyed the cells in my pancreas that make insulin."
C. "I have too much insulin in my body, which causes my blood sugar to drop."
D. "My diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune
system destroys the pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Option A
describes type 2 diabetes (insulin resistance). Option C describes hyperinsulinism. Option D is a
common myth—type 1 diabetes is not caused by sugar consumption.
2. A nurse is teaching a patient about the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
,A. "My pancreas doesn't make any insulin at all."
B. "My body is resistant to insulin and doesn't use it effectively."
C. "My diabetes was caused by a virus."
D. "I will need insulin injections for the rest of my life."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance (the body's cells don't respond
properly to insulin) and eventually decreased insulin production by the pancreas. Option A
describes type 1 diabetes. Option C is not a common cause. Option D is incorrect—many
patients with type 2 diabetes can manage with oral agents, lifestyle modifications, and
sometimes insulin.
3. A nurse is reviewing diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Which fasting plasma glucose
level indicates diabetes?
A. 80 mg/dL
B. 100 mg/dL
C. 115 mg/dL
D. 130 mg/dL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A fasting plasma glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher on two occasions indicates
diabetes. A level of 100–125 mg/dL indicates prediabetes. A level below 100 mg/dL is normal.
Option D (130 mg/dL) meets the criteria for diabetes.
, 4. A nurse is reviewing diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Which hemoglobin A1c level
indicates diabetes?
A. 4.5%
B. 5.2%
C. 5.9%
D. 7.0%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. A level of 5.7–6.4%
indicates prediabetes. A level below 5.7% is normal. Option D (7.0%) meets the criteria for
diabetes.
5. A nurse is assessing a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Which clinical
manifestation is characteristic?
A. Weight gain
B. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
PDF DOWNLOAD — Verified NSG-320 Exam 1 |
Grand Canyon University | Q & A | 2026/2027
Edition
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. "My body still makes insulin, but it doesn't work properly."
B. "My immune system destroyed the cells in my pancreas that make insulin."
C. "I have too much insulin in my body, which causes my blood sugar to drop."
D. "My diabetes is caused by eating too much sugar."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune
system destroys the pancreatic beta cells, leading to an absolute deficiency of insulin. Option A
describes type 2 diabetes (insulin resistance). Option C describes hyperinsulinism. Option D is a
common myth—type 1 diabetes is not caused by sugar consumption.
2. A nurse is teaching a patient about the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which
statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
,A. "My pancreas doesn't make any insulin at all."
B. "My body is resistant to insulin and doesn't use it effectively."
C. "My diabetes was caused by a virus."
D. "I will need insulin injections for the rest of my life."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance (the body's cells don't respond
properly to insulin) and eventually decreased insulin production by the pancreas. Option A
describes type 1 diabetes. Option C is not a common cause. Option D is incorrect—many
patients with type 2 diabetes can manage with oral agents, lifestyle modifications, and
sometimes insulin.
3. A nurse is reviewing diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Which fasting plasma glucose
level indicates diabetes?
A. 80 mg/dL
B. 100 mg/dL
C. 115 mg/dL
D. 130 mg/dL
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A fasting plasma glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher on two occasions indicates
diabetes. A level of 100–125 mg/dL indicates prediabetes. A level below 100 mg/dL is normal.
Option D (130 mg/dL) meets the criteria for diabetes.
, 4. A nurse is reviewing diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus. Which hemoglobin A1c level
indicates diabetes?
A. 4.5%
B. 5.2%
C. 5.9%
D. 7.0%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hemoglobin A1c level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. A level of 5.7–6.4%
indicates prediabetes. A level below 5.7% is normal. Option D (7.0%) meets the criteria for
diabetes.
5. A nurse is assessing a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Which clinical
manifestation is characteristic?
A. Weight gain
B. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
