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PRNU 210 MODULE 5 EXAM 2026/2027 – HIGHER
EDUCATION PRACTICAL NURSING CURRICULUM
COMPLETE (140) CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES.
PRNU
Prepare effectively for the PRNU 210 Module 5 assessment with this focused study
resource. It supports review of essential practical nursing concepts, clinical skills,
patient care principles, safety, and other topics relevant to Module 5 coursework. Use
the material to reinforce your understanding, review key areas, and identify topics that
may require additional study. This resource is suited for practical nursing students,
PRNU 210 learners, and candidates preparing for their Module 5 assessment.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Section 1: Genitourinary Disorders – UTIs, Enuresis, Pyelonephritis
(Questions 1–25)
1. Why are young children predisposed to urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
A) Increased fluid intake
B) Shorter urethras
C) Stronger immune systems
D) Decreased urinary frequency
Answer: B
Rationale: Young children are predisposed to UTIs due to anatomical
factors, primarily their shorter urethras, which allow bacteria easier
access to the bladder. This is particularly true for females, who also have
a urinary tract closer to the anus.
2. What is nocturnal enuresis?
A) Daytime wetting
B) Bedwetting during sleep
C) Wetting associated with fever
D) Wetting caused by excessive caffeine
Answer: B
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Rationale: Nocturnal enuresis refers to involuntary bedwetting that
occurs during sleep. This is distinguished from diurnal enuresis, which is
daytime wetting.
3. Which medication is commonly prescribed at bedtime for nocturnal
enuresis?
A) Oxybutynin
B) Desmopressin (DDAVP)
C) Amoxicillin
D) Ciprofloxacin
Answer: B
Rationale: Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic antidiuretic hormone
that reduces urine production at night, making it effective for treating
nocturnal enuresis. It is typically administered at bedtime to decrease
nighttime urine output and prevent bedwetting.
4. What is diurnal enuresis?
A) Bedwetting during sleep
B) Daytime wetting
C) Wetting associated with fever
D) Wetting caused by excessive caffeine
Answer: B
Rationale: Diurnal enuresis refers to daytime wetting, which may occur
due to bladder dysfunction, urgency, or behavioral factors.
5. A child with enuresis presents with accompanying symptoms of
polyuria and polydipsia. What condition should the nurse suspect?
A) Urinary tract infection
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Nephrotic syndrome
D) Pyelonephritis
Answer: B
Rationale: Polyuria and polydipsia are classic signs of diabetes mellitus.
When these symptoms accompany enuresis, the nurse should suspect
diabetes as a potential underlying cause.
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6. What factors predispose a female child to UTIs? (Select all that apply)
A) Shorter urethra
B) Urinary tract closer to the anus
C) Improper cleansing techniques
D) Bubble baths
E) All of the above
Answer: E
Rationale: Female children are predisposed to UTIs due to a shorter
urethra, a urinary tract that is closer to the anus, improper cleansing
techniques (wiping back to front), bubble baths, and wearing underwear
made of materials other than cotton.
7. What may cause an uncircumcised male to develop a UTI?
A) Increased fluid intake
B) Not cleaning well beneath the foreskin
C) Excessive bathing
D) Wearing tight underwear
Answer: B
Rationale: An uncircumcised male may develop a UTI if he does not clean
well beneath the foreskin, as bacteria can accumulate in this area and
ascend the urethra.
8. What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis in INFANTS?
A) Abdominal pain and dysuria
B) Fever or hypothermia, irritability, and poor feeding
C) Voiding frequency and urgency
D) Hematuria and flank pain
Answer: B
Rationale: Infants with pyelonephritis may present with fever or
hypothermia, irritability, dysuria (crying during voiding), changes in urine
odor or color, poor weight gain, and feeding difficulties. These nonspecific
symptoms make diagnosis challenging in this population.
9. What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis in OLDER CHILDREN?
A) Fever, irritability, and poor feeding
B) Abdominal or suprapubic pain, voiding frequency/urgency, and dysuria
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C) Hematuria only
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Answer: B
Rationale: Older children with pyelonephritis typically present with
abdominal or suprapubic pain, voiding frequency or urgency, dysuria, and
fever. They may also try to avoid voiding due to pain.
10. A child is diagnosed with a UTI and prescribed a course of antibiotics.
What instruction should the nurse provide to the parents?
A) Stop the antibiotics when symptoms improve
B) Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed
C) Administer the antibiotics with milk to reduce stomach upset
D) Double the dose if a dose is missed
Answer: B
Rationale: It is essential to complete the full course of antibiotics as
prescribed to prevent recurrence and antibiotic resistance. Parents
should be instructed to give the medication at evenly spaced intervals
and to finish the entire prescription.
11. What is the primary cause of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children?
A) Urinary tract obstruction
B) Congenital abnormality of the ureterovesical junction
C) Neurogenic bladder
D) Excessive fluid intake
Answer: B
Rationale: Vesicoureteral reflux is most commonly caused by a congenital
abnormality of the ureterovesical junction, which allows urine to flow
backward from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys, increasing the
risk of UTIs and renal scarring.
12. Which diagnostic test is used to confirm vesicoureteral reflux?
A) Renal ultrasound
B) Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
C) CT scan of the abdomen
D) Urinalysis
Answer: B
PRNU 210 MODULE 5 EXAM 2026/2027 – HIGHER
EDUCATION PRACTICAL NURSING CURRICULUM
COMPLETE (140) CURRENT TESTING QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS WITH DETAILED RATIONALES.
PRNU
Prepare effectively for the PRNU 210 Module 5 assessment with this focused study
resource. It supports review of essential practical nursing concepts, clinical skills,
patient care principles, safety, and other topics relevant to Module 5 coursework. Use
the material to reinforce your understanding, review key areas, and identify topics that
may require additional study. This resource is suited for practical nursing students,
PRNU 210 learners, and candidates preparing for their Module 5 assessment.
MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Section 1: Genitourinary Disorders – UTIs, Enuresis, Pyelonephritis
(Questions 1–25)
1. Why are young children predisposed to urinary tract infections (UTIs)?
A) Increased fluid intake
B) Shorter urethras
C) Stronger immune systems
D) Decreased urinary frequency
Answer: B
Rationale: Young children are predisposed to UTIs due to anatomical
factors, primarily their shorter urethras, which allow bacteria easier
access to the bladder. This is particularly true for females, who also have
a urinary tract closer to the anus.
2. What is nocturnal enuresis?
A) Daytime wetting
B) Bedwetting during sleep
C) Wetting associated with fever
D) Wetting caused by excessive caffeine
Answer: B
, Page 2 of 43
Rationale: Nocturnal enuresis refers to involuntary bedwetting that
occurs during sleep. This is distinguished from diurnal enuresis, which is
daytime wetting.
3. Which medication is commonly prescribed at bedtime for nocturnal
enuresis?
A) Oxybutynin
B) Desmopressin (DDAVP)
C) Amoxicillin
D) Ciprofloxacin
Answer: B
Rationale: Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic antidiuretic hormone
that reduces urine production at night, making it effective for treating
nocturnal enuresis. It is typically administered at bedtime to decrease
nighttime urine output and prevent bedwetting.
4. What is diurnal enuresis?
A) Bedwetting during sleep
B) Daytime wetting
C) Wetting associated with fever
D) Wetting caused by excessive caffeine
Answer: B
Rationale: Diurnal enuresis refers to daytime wetting, which may occur
due to bladder dysfunction, urgency, or behavioral factors.
5. A child with enuresis presents with accompanying symptoms of
polyuria and polydipsia. What condition should the nurse suspect?
A) Urinary tract infection
B) Diabetes mellitus
C) Nephrotic syndrome
D) Pyelonephritis
Answer: B
Rationale: Polyuria and polydipsia are classic signs of diabetes mellitus.
When these symptoms accompany enuresis, the nurse should suspect
diabetes as a potential underlying cause.
, Page 3 of 43
6. What factors predispose a female child to UTIs? (Select all that apply)
A) Shorter urethra
B) Urinary tract closer to the anus
C) Improper cleansing techniques
D) Bubble baths
E) All of the above
Answer: E
Rationale: Female children are predisposed to UTIs due to a shorter
urethra, a urinary tract that is closer to the anus, improper cleansing
techniques (wiping back to front), bubble baths, and wearing underwear
made of materials other than cotton.
7. What may cause an uncircumcised male to develop a UTI?
A) Increased fluid intake
B) Not cleaning well beneath the foreskin
C) Excessive bathing
D) Wearing tight underwear
Answer: B
Rationale: An uncircumcised male may develop a UTI if he does not clean
well beneath the foreskin, as bacteria can accumulate in this area and
ascend the urethra.
8. What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis in INFANTS?
A) Abdominal pain and dysuria
B) Fever or hypothermia, irritability, and poor feeding
C) Voiding frequency and urgency
D) Hematuria and flank pain
Answer: B
Rationale: Infants with pyelonephritis may present with fever or
hypothermia, irritability, dysuria (crying during voiding), changes in urine
odor or color, poor weight gain, and feeding difficulties. These nonspecific
symptoms make diagnosis challenging in this population.
9. What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis in OLDER CHILDREN?
A) Fever, irritability, and poor feeding
B) Abdominal or suprapubic pain, voiding frequency/urgency, and dysuria
, Page 4 of 43
C) Hematuria only
D) Asymptomatic bacteriuria
Answer: B
Rationale: Older children with pyelonephritis typically present with
abdominal or suprapubic pain, voiding frequency or urgency, dysuria, and
fever. They may also try to avoid voiding due to pain.
10. A child is diagnosed with a UTI and prescribed a course of antibiotics.
What instruction should the nurse provide to the parents?
A) Stop the antibiotics when symptoms improve
B) Complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed
C) Administer the antibiotics with milk to reduce stomach upset
D) Double the dose if a dose is missed
Answer: B
Rationale: It is essential to complete the full course of antibiotics as
prescribed to prevent recurrence and antibiotic resistance. Parents
should be instructed to give the medication at evenly spaced intervals
and to finish the entire prescription.
11. What is the primary cause of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children?
A) Urinary tract obstruction
B) Congenital abnormality of the ureterovesical junction
C) Neurogenic bladder
D) Excessive fluid intake
Answer: B
Rationale: Vesicoureteral reflux is most commonly caused by a congenital
abnormality of the ureterovesical junction, which allows urine to flow
backward from the bladder into the ureters and kidneys, increasing the
risk of UTIs and renal scarring.
12. Which diagnostic test is used to confirm vesicoureteral reflux?
A) Renal ultrasound
B) Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)
C) CT scan of the abdomen
D) Urinalysis
Answer: B
