Pathophysiology Exam 1 Study
Guide | Rasmussen University
Exam Prep 2026/2027
, passive immunity Transfer of performed antibodies against a specific antigen from protected or
immunized individual to an unprotected or non-immunized individual
Examples of passive immunity IgA in breast milk, maternal IgG crossing placenta, antitoxin, serotherapy (direct
injection of antibodies)
Potassium Value normal range( intercellular cation) 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Sodium value normal range (major cation of extracellular 135-145 mEq/L
fluid)
Calcium value normal range 9-11 mg/dL OR 4.5-5.5 mEq/L
Phosphate value normal range 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Magnesium value normal range 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Bicarbonate value normal range (second most abundant 23-30 mEq/L
anion in blood)
Condition of low potassium < 3.5 mEq/L hypokalemia
Condition of high potassium >5 mEq/L Hyperkalemia
Condition of sodium < 135 mEq/L hyponatremia / hypernatremia
Condition of high sodium>145 mEq/L hypernatremia
condition of low phosphate < 2.5 mg/dL hypophophatemia
Condition of high phosphate > 4.5 mg/dL Hyperphosphatemia
Condition of low chloride <96 mEq/L hypochloremia