COMPLETE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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Stemhead Fitting -ANSWER-A stainless-steel fitting on the bow of a
boat to which the forestay and jib tack are attached, as well as the
roller fairlead for the anchor rode.
Determining magnetic direction -ANSWER-Finding the number of
degrees on the compass card that corresponds to the lubber's line.
Measuring distance -ANSWER-Use the dividers to measure the distance
on a chart between points A and B. Transfer the dividers to a Latitude
scale on the side of the chart and count the minutes between the two
points of the dividers. This is the distance in nautical miles.
How to prevent undue magnetic influence on a compass. -ANSWER-
Keep anything containing iron or electric current away from the
compass. Keep such items at least 3 feet away from the ship's compass:
cell phones, flashlights, batteries, deck knives, radios.
Dangers of, and how to avoid, a 'Lee Shore.' -ANSWER-A lee shore can
be any obstruction or hazard (land or pier) toward which the wind is
blowing. To be prudent, keep in mind the surrounding hazards and the
potential effect of a change in the wind or current to avoid getting in a
,lee shore. When trying to get away from a lee shore avoid "pinching"
(sailing too close to the wind) which slows the boat down.
Sources of weather information -ANSWER-National Weather Service
(NWS) of the
National Ocean and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) online.
VHF radio--Wx channels tunned to NOAA continuous broadcast of local
marine weather.
Wind speed-5 knots (Beaufort scale 2: wind 4-6 knots, wave height 1
ft.) -ANSWER-Light breeze: the wind forms small wavelets that bump
against the hull. The apparent wind will be higher and you can make
steady progress upwind, but will be slow downwind.
Wind speed-10 knots (Beaufort scale 3: wind 7-10 knots, wave height 2
ft.) -ANSWER-Gentle breeze: large wavelets with crests beginning to
break, scattered whitecaps appear. An ideal breeze for an invigorating
sail.
Wind speed-15 knots (Beaufort scale 4: wind 11-16 knots, wave height
3 ft.) -ANSWER-Moderate breeze: small waves becoming longer,
frequent whitecaps. Sailing downwind is fun, but upwind the boat will
be at capacity for carrying full sail-time to reef.
, Wind speed-20 knots (Beaufort scale 5: wind 17-21 knots, wave height
6 feet.) -ANSWER-Fresh breeze: moderate size waves, wind begins to
kick up spray. Sails should be reefed.
Wind speed-25 knots (Beaufort scale 6: wind 22-27 knots, wave height
10 ft.) -ANSWER-Strong breeze: large waves form, the white foam
crests are more extensive, chance of spray.
Beaufort scale 1: wind 1-3 knots. -ANSWER-Light air: ripples with the
appearance of scales but without foam crests.
Cumulonimbus clouds -ANSWER-Towering, tall clouds with gray
bottoms that can bring heavy rain, lightning, and tornados. Associated
with cold front.
Bottom types--Gravel (Gr) -ANSWER-Provides consistently good holding
and is easy for anchors to penetrate. Lightweight and plow anchors
work well.
Bottom types--Mud (M) -ANSWER-Offers low resistance to dragging.
Claw anchors work better than others because of their greater surface
area and ability to penetrate deeper.
Bottom types--Rock (Rk) -ANSWER-An anchor's ability to hold depends
on what it can catch onto. Plow and fisherman-type anchors work best.