Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
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1. brain largest part of the central nervous system (CNS); contains gray matter and white
matter; is composed of four ventricles, which are filled with cerebrospinal fluid
2. cerebrum the largest portion of the brain; divided by two hemispheres
3. brainstem located in the posterior part of the brain; connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
4. sensory path- allow sensory data to become conscious perceptions
ways of the cen-
tral nervous sys-
tem
5. motor pathways transmit impulses from the brain to the muscles
of the central
nervous system
6. peripheral ner- made up of cranial nerves, spinal cord and nerves, and the autonomic nervous
vous system system
(PNS)
7. cranial nerves nerves that emerge directly from the brain; 12 pairs; only the first and second
pairs emerge from the cerebrum and the remaining 10 pairs emerge from the
brainstem
8. spinal cord part of the central nervous system; the primary connection between the brain and
the body; protected by the vertebral column
9. spinal nerve a mixed nerve which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the
spinal cord and the body
10. olfactory nerve; sensory: smell
CN I
11. optic nerve; CN II sensory: light
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Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
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12. oculomotor motor: opening eyelid; moving eye superiorly, medially, and diagonally; constrict-
nerve; CN III ing pupils
13. trochlear nerve; motor: moving eye down and laterally
CN IV
14. trigeminal nerve; motor: chewing and jaw opening and clenching; sensory: conveying sensory data
CN V from eyes (cornea), nose, mouth, teeth, jaw, forehead, scalp, and facial skin
15. abducens nerve; motor: moving eye laterally
CN VI
16. facial nerve; CN motor: closing eyes, closing mouth, moving lips and other muscles of facial
VII expression, salivation and lacrimation (secreting saliva and tears); sensory: tasting
on anterior toungue
17. acoustic nerve; sensory: hearing, equilibrium
CN VIII
18. glossopharyn- motor: swallowing, gag sensation, secretion of saliva; sensory: tasting on posterior
geal nerve; CN IX tongue
19. vagus nerve; CN motor: palate, pharynx, larynx (speaking and swallowing); sensory: sensations
X in pharynx and larynx; sensorimotor: cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive
systems
20. spinal accessory motor: contracting muscles of neck and shoulders
nerve; CN XI
21. hypoglossal motor: tongue movement, articulating with tongue, swallowing
nerve; CN XII
22.
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, Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
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autonomic ner- is composed of two divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasym-
vous system pathetic nervous system; controls involuntary actions, such as the beating of your
(ANS) heart
23. sympathetic ner- controls the excitatory response, "fight or flight"
vous system
24. parasympathetic controls visceral functions, "rest-and-digest"
nervous system
25. computed to- structural imaging study; is used to diagnose cerebral hemorrhage, tumors, and
mography (CT inflammatory disorders
scan)
26. electroen- sensors are attached to the head to measure electrical activity of the brain; used
cephalogram to diagnose seizure activity and neurological disorders
(EEG)
27. lumbar puncture insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the vertebrae to withdraw
cerebrospinal fluid for analysis, administer medications, or measure pressure of
cerebrospinal fluid
28. magnetic reso- structural imaging study; creates a clearer picture of the tissue; used for diagnos-
nance imaging ing neurological diseases, spinal cord injury, and cerebral infarction
(MRI)
29. positron-emis- a computer-based nuclear medicine imaging study to evaluate the brain's func-
sion tion by evaluating metabolism, blood flow, oxygen use, glucose metabolism, and
tomography chemical processes within the brain; useful for early detection of dementia's,
(PET scan) Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
30. cerebral agiogra- dye is infected in the femoral arteries to assess cerebral circulation; used to detect
phy stenosis, occlusions, or aneurysms
Actualstudy 3 of 19
Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8x9s75
1. brain largest part of the central nervous system (CNS); contains gray matter and white
matter; is composed of four ventricles, which are filled with cerebrospinal fluid
2. cerebrum the largest portion of the brain; divided by two hemispheres
3. brainstem located in the posterior part of the brain; connects the cerebrum to the spinal cord
4. sensory path- allow sensory data to become conscious perceptions
ways of the cen-
tral nervous sys-
tem
5. motor pathways transmit impulses from the brain to the muscles
of the central
nervous system
6. peripheral ner- made up of cranial nerves, spinal cord and nerves, and the autonomic nervous
vous system system
(PNS)
7. cranial nerves nerves that emerge directly from the brain; 12 pairs; only the first and second
pairs emerge from the cerebrum and the remaining 10 pairs emerge from the
brainstem
8. spinal cord part of the central nervous system; the primary connection between the brain and
the body; protected by the vertebral column
9. spinal nerve a mixed nerve which carries motor, sensory, and autonomic signals between the
spinal cord and the body
10. olfactory nerve; sensory: smell
CN I
11. optic nerve; CN II sensory: light
Actualstudy 1 of 19
, Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8x9s75
12. oculomotor motor: opening eyelid; moving eye superiorly, medially, and diagonally; constrict-
nerve; CN III ing pupils
13. trochlear nerve; motor: moving eye down and laterally
CN IV
14. trigeminal nerve; motor: chewing and jaw opening and clenching; sensory: conveying sensory data
CN V from eyes (cornea), nose, mouth, teeth, jaw, forehead, scalp, and facial skin
15. abducens nerve; motor: moving eye laterally
CN VI
16. facial nerve; CN motor: closing eyes, closing mouth, moving lips and other muscles of facial
VII expression, salivation and lacrimation (secreting saliva and tears); sensory: tasting
on anterior toungue
17. acoustic nerve; sensory: hearing, equilibrium
CN VIII
18. glossopharyn- motor: swallowing, gag sensation, secretion of saliva; sensory: tasting on posterior
geal nerve; CN IX tongue
19. vagus nerve; CN motor: palate, pharynx, larynx (speaking and swallowing); sensory: sensations
X in pharynx and larynx; sensorimotor: cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive
systems
20. spinal accessory motor: contracting muscles of neck and shoulders
nerve; CN XI
21. hypoglossal motor: tongue movement, articulating with tongue, swallowing
nerve; CN XII
22.
Actualstudy 2 of 19
, Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Chapter 17 - Assessing the Neurological System
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8x9s75
autonomic ner- is composed of two divisions: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasym-
vous system pathetic nervous system; controls involuntary actions, such as the beating of your
(ANS) heart
23. sympathetic ner- controls the excitatory response, "fight or flight"
vous system
24. parasympathetic controls visceral functions, "rest-and-digest"
nervous system
25. computed to- structural imaging study; is used to diagnose cerebral hemorrhage, tumors, and
mography (CT inflammatory disorders
scan)
26. electroen- sensors are attached to the head to measure electrical activity of the brain; used
cephalogram to diagnose seizure activity and neurological disorders
(EEG)
27. lumbar puncture insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the vertebrae to withdraw
cerebrospinal fluid for analysis, administer medications, or measure pressure of
cerebrospinal fluid
28. magnetic reso- structural imaging study; creates a clearer picture of the tissue; used for diagnos-
nance imaging ing neurological diseases, spinal cord injury, and cerebral infarction
(MRI)
29. positron-emis- a computer-based nuclear medicine imaging study to evaluate the brain's func-
sion tion by evaluating metabolism, blood flow, oxygen use, glucose metabolism, and
tomography chemical processes within the brain; useful for early detection of dementia's,
(PET scan) Parkinson's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
30. cerebral agiogra- dye is infected in the femoral arteries to assess cerebral circulation; used to detect
phy stenosis, occlusions, or aneurysms
Actualstudy 3 of 19
