Merrill’s Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures Chapter 7 Part 1 – Study Guide | Radiography Exam Review 2026/2027

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(What patient says, requisition, and what you visually see must all Check to ensure the x-ray order corresponds to the part that is in pain, fractured etc.
match!)


You want ZERO artifacts Remove items such as shoes, socks, pants


Because feet are gross Wear Gloves!


Lateral PA/AP/ Oblique projections- Marker typically goes on the ___________side of the body part(there
is usually more light field available)


Anterior Lateral Projections- Marker typically goes on the ___________side of the body part


Gonads Shield ___________ for all lower extremity projections (maybe an expectation when we get to
proximal femur) & use proper collimation to eliminate radiation to areas not of interest.


15 degrees towards the MTP joint In an AP Axial TOE Projection, what is the angle of the CR?


The MTP Joint Where is the CR centered to on an AP/AP Axial TOE projection?


MTP Joint Collimation for AP/AP Axial TOE projection, AP Oblique Medial Rotation TOE, and Lateral TOE:
1 inch on each side including 1 into proximal to the _____________


open joint spaces An AP Axial TOE projection shows _________________better than an AP projection and reduces
Foreshortening _________________


seated or supine In AP/AP axial and AP oblique Medial Rotation TOE/FOOT projections, the patient is either
______________ or _________________




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lower leg In an AP oblique medial rotation TOE project, the patients medially rotates their _____________ and
foot _________________


30-45 degrees In an AP oblique medial rotation TOE projection, the patients medially rotates their lower leg
and foot ________________


Perpendicular to the MTP Joint of interest The CR in an AP oblique medial rotation TOE projection is


2nd-5th In an AP Oblique Medial Rotation TOE projection, the _______ MTP joints are open but the _____ is
1st not always open


Lateromedial or Mediolateral Lateral toe projection can be done __________________ or __________________


lateral recumbent postion In a Lateral TOE projection, the patient is laying in a


Big Toe(Toe 1) In a Lateral TOE projection, Toes One and two are laid with the __________ side of the foot against
the IR (Lateromedial)


Pinky(Toe 5) In a Lateral TOE projection, Toes 3/4/5 are examined with the _________side of the foot against the
IR (mediolateral)


tongue depressor or tape In a Lateral TOE projection, use a _____________ or ____________- to avoid superimposition of the other
toes


Perpendicular through the IP(Big toe) or PIP(2-5) Where do you aim the CR in a Lateral Toe projection?


Proximal Phalanx In a Lateral TOE projection, when superimposition cannot be avoided, the _________________ must be
shown




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10 degrees towards the heel In an AP Axial FOOT projection, the CR is angled


The BASE of the 3rd Metatarsal Where does the CR enter in an AP/AP Axial FOOT projection?


AP axial Foot Is the AP foot or the AP Axial Foot more commonly preferred?


1 inch on the sides and one inch beyond the calcaneus and Distal What is the collimation for an AP/AP Axial FOOT projection?
tip of the toes


There is the same amount of space between the 2nd and 3rd How do you know there is no rotation in an AP or AP Axial FOOT projection?
metatarsal as there is between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal.


Medial and Intermediate In an AP/AP axial FOOT projection, you will see open joint spaces between the ___________and
______________ cuneiforms


Because it reduces foreshortening because the CR is Why is the AP Axial FOOT projection preferred over the AP?
perpendicular to the metatarsals (the metatarsals sit at a slight
angle naturally) and it opens up the joint spaces.


Mediolateral (pinky toe AGAINST the IR) Which lateral projection of the foot is routine?


Dorsiflexed(form a 90 degree angle with the lower leg) In lateral FOOT projection, the foot should be


BASE In a Lateral FOOT projection, the CR should be aimed at the ___________ of the ___________ metatarsal
first


1 inch on all sides including 1 inch above the medial Malleolus What is the Collimation for a Lateral FOOT projection?


Medial Malleolus The collimation for a Lateral Foot projection is 1 inch on all sides including 1 inch above the


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