PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
Which of the following would be a sign of right-sided Heart Failure?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Increased Urination
vv vv
- Peripheral Edema
vv vv
- Pulmonary Edema
vv vv
- Immunosuppression - ANS>>Peripheral Edema
vv vv vv vv
Which of the following are clinical manifestations of left-sided heart failure? (Select all that
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
apply)
vv
- Jugular Vein Distention
vv vv vv
- Cough with Frothy Sputum
vv vv vv vv
- Crackles Auscultated in Lungs
vv vv vv vv
- Dyspnea - ANS>>- Cough with Frothy Sputum
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Crackles auscultated in lungs
vv vv vv vv
- Dyspnea
vv
Which medications would be used to treat a patient with heart failure?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Antibiotics and Steroids
vv vv vv
- Vitamin D and Calcium
vv vv vv vv
- Calcium Channel Blockers and Zafron
vv vv vv vv vv
- ACE Inhibitors and Beta-Blockers - ANS>>ACE inhibitors and Beta-Blockers
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Which of the following is often the cause of pulmonary embolism?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- An autoimmune disorder
vv vv vv
- A venous blood clot from lower extremity
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- An increase in intracranial pressure
vv vv vv vv vv
- Hypotension - ANS>>- A venous blood clot from lower extremity
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
Virchow's Triad contributes to pulmonary embolism formation. Virchow's Triad factors include
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
all of the following except:
vv vv vv vv vv
- Venous Blood Stasis
vv vv vv
- Damage to the venous wall
vv vv vv vv vv
- Venous blood hypermobility
vv vv vv
- Increased blood coagulability - ANS>>Venous blood hypermobility
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
How does unstable angina pectoris differ from stable angina pectoris?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Can only be diagnosed by changes in cardiac biomarkers
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- manifests in ECG changes only
vv vv vv vv vv
- Is not relieved by periods of rest
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Not as serious as stable angina - ANS>>Not relieved by periods of rest
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Which of the following organs are primarily affected by poorly managed hypertension?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Bladder and Urethra
vv vv vv
- Brain and Skin
vv vv vv
- Heart and Kidneys
vv vv vv
- Stomach and Intestines - ANS>>Heart and Kidneys
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Management of hypertension involves multiple approaches including which of the following?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Dietary Modifications
vv vv
- Engaging in regular exercise routines
vv vv vv vv vv
- Prescribing diuretics and/or anti-hypertensives
vv vv vv vv
- All of the above - ANS>>All of the above
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
When arterial blood pressure declines, the cells of the kidneys secrete a hormone called ___
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
to increase blood pressure and peripheral resistance.
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Renin
vv
- Antidiuretic Hormone
vv vv
- Atrial Natriuretic
vv vv
- Erythropoietin - ANS>>Renin
vv vv vv
Which of the following are examples of complications of shock? (Select all that apply)
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Multiple Organ Dysfunction
vv vv vv
- Acute Renal Failure
vv vv vv vv
- Clotting and Bleeding Disorders
vv vv vv vv
- Increased Cardiac Output - ANS>>- Multiple Organ Dysfunction
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Acute renal failure
vv vv vv
- Clotting and Bleeding disorders
vv vv vv vv
What pathophysiological responses would you expect to find in a client who has anaphylactic
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
shock?
vv
- Bronchodilation, Peripheral constriction, Decreased capillary permeability
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Asthma, Deep vein thrombosis, hepatic encephalopathy
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Bronchoconstriction, peripheral dilation, increased capillary permeability
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Left-sided heart failure, pulmonary embolism, UTI - ANS>>Bronchoconstriction, Peripheral
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Dilation, Increased Capillary Permeability
vv vv vv vv
What is the cause of Cardiogenic Shock?
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Severe Ventricular Dysfunction
vv vv vv
- Acute Blood Loss
vv vv vv
Which of the following would be a sign of right-sided Heart Failure?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Increased Urination
vv vv
- Peripheral Edema
vv vv
- Pulmonary Edema
vv vv
- Immunosuppression - ANS>>Peripheral Edema
vv vv vv vv
Which of the following are clinical manifestations of left-sided heart failure? (Select all that
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
apply)
vv
- Jugular Vein Distention
vv vv vv
- Cough with Frothy Sputum
vv vv vv vv
- Crackles Auscultated in Lungs
vv vv vv vv
- Dyspnea - ANS>>- Cough with Frothy Sputum
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Crackles auscultated in lungs
vv vv vv vv
- Dyspnea
vv
Which medications would be used to treat a patient with heart failure?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Antibiotics and Steroids
vv vv vv
- Vitamin D and Calcium
vv vv vv vv
- Calcium Channel Blockers and Zafron
vv vv vv vv vv
- ACE Inhibitors and Beta-Blockers - ANS>>ACE inhibitors and Beta-Blockers
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Which of the following is often the cause of pulmonary embolism?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- An autoimmune disorder
vv vv vv
- A venous blood clot from lower extremity
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- An increase in intracranial pressure
vv vv vv vv vv
- Hypotension - ANS>>- A venous blood clot from lower extremity
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
Virchow's Triad contributes to pulmonary embolism formation. Virchow's Triad factors include
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
all of the following except:
vv vv vv vv vv
- Venous Blood Stasis
vv vv vv
- Damage to the venous wall
vv vv vv vv vv
- Venous blood hypermobility
vv vv vv
- Increased blood coagulability - ANS>>Venous blood hypermobility
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
How does unstable angina pectoris differ from stable angina pectoris?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Can only be diagnosed by changes in cardiac biomarkers
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- manifests in ECG changes only
vv vv vv vv vv
- Is not relieved by periods of rest
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Not as serious as stable angina - ANS>>Not relieved by periods of rest
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Which of the following organs are primarily affected by poorly managed hypertension?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Bladder and Urethra
vv vv vv
- Brain and Skin
vv vv vv
- Heart and Kidneys
vv vv vv
- Stomach and Intestines - ANS>>Heart and Kidneys
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Management of hypertension involves multiple approaches including which of the following?
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Dietary Modifications
vv vv
- Engaging in regular exercise routines
vv vv vv vv vv
- Prescribing diuretics and/or anti-hypertensives
vv vv vv vv
- All of the above - ANS>>All of the above
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
When arterial blood pressure declines, the cells of the kidneys secrete a hormone called ___
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
to increase blood pressure and peripheral resistance.
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Renin
vv
- Antidiuretic Hormone
vv vv
- Atrial Natriuretic
vv vv
- Erythropoietin - ANS>>Renin
vv vv vv
Which of the following are examples of complications of shock? (Select all that apply)
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Multiple Organ Dysfunction
vv vv vv
- Acute Renal Failure
vv vv vv vv
- Clotting and Bleeding Disorders
vv vv vv vv
- Increased Cardiac Output - ANS>>- Multiple Organ Dysfunction
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Acute renal failure
vv vv vv
- Clotting and Bleeding disorders
vv vv vv vv
What pathophysiological responses would you expect to find in a client who has anaphylactic
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
shock?
vv
- Bronchodilation, Peripheral constriction, Decreased capillary permeability
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Asthma, Deep vein thrombosis, hepatic encephalopathy
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Bronchoconstriction, peripheral dilation, increased capillary permeability
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Left-sided heart failure, pulmonary embolism, UTI - ANS>>Bronchoconstriction, Peripheral
vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv vv
Dilation, Increased Capillary Permeability
vv vv vv vv
What is the cause of Cardiogenic Shock?
vv vv vv vv vv vv
- Severe Ventricular Dysfunction
vv vv vv
- Acute Blood Loss
vv vv vv