9/13/26, 4:50 AM Chapter 50: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome Flashcards | Quizlet
A client with diabetic retinopathy develops a retinal bleed -Maintain healthy blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
and asks the nurse, "How can I prevent this from happening
again?" What response provides the most effective -Diabetic retinopathy occurs when blood vessels have increased permeability,
information? develop microaneurysms, vascular proliferation, scarring, and retinal detachment.
These conditions are worsened when the client has poor glycemic control, poorly
controlled hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Laser photocoagulation can be used to
stop vessel proliferation and bleeding. An annual examination will evaluate the
disease, but does not prevent recurrence. Eye use patterns do not change
retinopathy.
The nurse and nursing student are caring for a client -Blood glucose will elevate.
undergoing a severe stressor with release of epinephrine
into the bloodstream. Which of these effects on blood -Epinephrine, a catecholamine, helps to maintain blood glucose levels during
glucose levels does the nurse teach the student periods of stress. Epinephrine causes glycogenolysis in the liver, thus causing large
epinephrine will cause? quantities of glucose to be released into the blood.
The nurse knows that type 1 diabetes mellitus results from -Autoimmune
destruction of the pancreatic beta cells by two
mechanisms. The mechanism for type 1A diabetes is _______ -Type 1 diabetes is subdivided type 1A, immune-mediated diabetes, and type 1B,
destruction. idiopathic diabetes. Type 1A diabetes involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes has both genetic and acquired factors.
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 3/18
,9/13/26, 4:50 AM Chapter 50: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome Flashcards | Quizlet
Which of the following pregnant women likely faces the -Is morbidly obese (defined as greater than 100 pounds over ideal weight)
greatest risk of developing gestational diabetes? A client
who: -Obesity is among the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Obstetric
complications, multiple pregnancies, high triglycerides, and hypertension are not
specific risk factors for GDM.
A nurse is evaluating patients for the risk of developing -A 45-year-old obese woman with a sedentary lifestyle
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following patients has the
highest risk? -The person most at risk for developing type 2 diabetes is the 45-year-old obese
woman with a sedentary lifestyle. Other risk factors include family history, age older
than 40, and history of gestational diabetes. The 10-year-old boy, despite family
history, would be at low risk as long as obesity and sedentary lifestyle are avoided.
The 60-year-old woman most likely would have developed type 2 diabetes within 20
years after the pregnancy.
The nurse is caring for a client who received regular insulin -Give the client a concentrated carbohydrate.
at 7 am. Four hours later the nurse finds the client
diaphoretic, cool, and clammy. Which of these interventions -The client is displaying symptoms of hypoglycemia, which include headache,
is the priority? difficulty in problem solving, altered behavior, coma, and seizures. Hunger may
occur. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system may cause anxiety, tachycardia,
sweating, and cool and clammy skin
Which of the following clients would be considered to be -A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with
exhibiting manifestations of "prediabetes"? follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL.
-Persons with IFG (impaired fasting plasma glucose [IFG] defined by an elevated FPG
of 100 to 125 mg/dL) and/or IGT (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] plasma glucose
levels of 140 to 199 mg/dL with an OGTT) are often referred to as having prediabetes,
meaning they are at relatively high risk for the future development of diabetes as well
as cardiovascular disease.
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 4/18
, 9/13/26, 4:50 AM Chapter 50: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome Flashcards | Quizlet
A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been -"I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and
instructed about managing his condition with diet. The breads."
nurse determines further teaching is necessary when the
client states: -The client needs more education regarding carbohydrate sources. All the other
statements are correctly stated and demonstrate good understanding of dietary
needs for the type 2 diabetic.
The nurse caring for a client with HHS (hyperosmolar -Cerebral edema
hyperglycemic state) should perform which priority
assessment on this client? -The treatment of HHS requires judicious medical observation and care as water
moves back into brain cells, posing a threat of cerebral edema. The other signs and
symptoms are manifestations of HHS.
A woman in her 28th week of pregnancy tests positive for -Random blood glucose 85 mg/dl
gestational diabetes mellitus and begins to follow a
nutritional plan at home. What result at the follow-up visit -The goals of the nutritional plan for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include
indicates a successful outcome? normal glucose levels, no ketosis, proper weight gain for the pregnancy, and
adequate nutrition for fetal health
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 5/18
A client with diabetic retinopathy develops a retinal bleed -Maintain healthy blood pressure and blood sugar levels.
and asks the nurse, "How can I prevent this from happening
again?" What response provides the most effective -Diabetic retinopathy occurs when blood vessels have increased permeability,
information? develop microaneurysms, vascular proliferation, scarring, and retinal detachment.
These conditions are worsened when the client has poor glycemic control, poorly
controlled hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Laser photocoagulation can be used to
stop vessel proliferation and bleeding. An annual examination will evaluate the
disease, but does not prevent recurrence. Eye use patterns do not change
retinopathy.
The nurse and nursing student are caring for a client -Blood glucose will elevate.
undergoing a severe stressor with release of epinephrine
into the bloodstream. Which of these effects on blood -Epinephrine, a catecholamine, helps to maintain blood glucose levels during
glucose levels does the nurse teach the student periods of stress. Epinephrine causes glycogenolysis in the liver, thus causing large
epinephrine will cause? quantities of glucose to be released into the blood.
The nurse knows that type 1 diabetes mellitus results from -Autoimmune
destruction of the pancreatic beta cells by two
mechanisms. The mechanism for type 1A diabetes is _______ -Type 1 diabetes is subdivided type 1A, immune-mediated diabetes, and type 1B,
destruction. idiopathic diabetes. Type 1A diabetes involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells.
The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes has both genetic and acquired factors.
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 3/18
,9/13/26, 4:50 AM Chapter 50: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome Flashcards | Quizlet
Which of the following pregnant women likely faces the -Is morbidly obese (defined as greater than 100 pounds over ideal weight)
greatest risk of developing gestational diabetes? A client
who: -Obesity is among the risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Obstetric
complications, multiple pregnancies, high triglycerides, and hypertension are not
specific risk factors for GDM.
A nurse is evaluating patients for the risk of developing -A 45-year-old obese woman with a sedentary lifestyle
type 2 diabetes. Which of the following patients has the
highest risk? -The person most at risk for developing type 2 diabetes is the 45-year-old obese
woman with a sedentary lifestyle. Other risk factors include family history, age older
than 40, and history of gestational diabetes. The 10-year-old boy, despite family
history, would be at low risk as long as obesity and sedentary lifestyle are avoided.
The 60-year-old woman most likely would have developed type 2 diabetes within 20
years after the pregnancy.
The nurse is caring for a client who received regular insulin -Give the client a concentrated carbohydrate.
at 7 am. Four hours later the nurse finds the client
diaphoretic, cool, and clammy. Which of these interventions -The client is displaying symptoms of hypoglycemia, which include headache,
is the priority? difficulty in problem solving, altered behavior, coma, and seizures. Hunger may
occur. Activation of the sympathetic nervous system may cause anxiety, tachycardia,
sweating, and cool and clammy skin
Which of the following clients would be considered to be -A middle-aged overweight adult with a fasting plasma glucose level of 122 with
exhibiting manifestations of "prediabetes"? follow-up OGTT of 189 mg/dL.
-Persons with IFG (impaired fasting plasma glucose [IFG] defined by an elevated FPG
of 100 to 125 mg/dL) and/or IGT (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] plasma glucose
levels of 140 to 199 mg/dL with an OGTT) are often referred to as having prediabetes,
meaning they are at relatively high risk for the future development of diabetes as well
as cardiovascular disease.
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 4/18
, 9/13/26, 4:50 AM Chapter 50: Diabetes Mellitus and the Metabolic Syndrome Flashcards | Quizlet
A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been -"I must avoid all candies and cookies, but can eat unlimited amounts of pasta and
instructed about managing his condition with diet. The breads."
nurse determines further teaching is necessary when the
client states: -The client needs more education regarding carbohydrate sources. All the other
statements are correctly stated and demonstrate good understanding of dietary
needs for the type 2 diabetic.
The nurse caring for a client with HHS (hyperosmolar -Cerebral edema
hyperglycemic state) should perform which priority
assessment on this client? -The treatment of HHS requires judicious medical observation and care as water
moves back into brain cells, posing a threat of cerebral edema. The other signs and
symptoms are manifestations of HHS.
A woman in her 28th week of pregnancy tests positive for -Random blood glucose 85 mg/dl
gestational diabetes mellitus and begins to follow a
nutritional plan at home. What result at the follow-up visit -The goals of the nutritional plan for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include
indicates a successful outcome? normal glucose levels, no ketosis, proper weight gain for the pregnancy, and
adequate nutrition for fetal health
https://quizlet.com/368142021/chapter-50-diabetes-mellitus-and-the-metabolic-syndrome-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=075fd423-8e64-478f-b3f3-c79914f61707 5/18
