NUR 102 FINAL EXAM – QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS |
PLUS RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027] – QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
CORE DOMAINS
Fundamentals of Nursing Practice
Health Assessment and Physical Examination
Medication Administration and Dosage Calculation
Infection Control and Safety
Patient Care and Comfort
Ethical and Legal Principles in Nursing
Communication and Documentation
Vital Signs and Clinical Monitoring
Nutrition and Fluid Balance
Emergency and Perioperative Care
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive final examination is designed to assess the nursing student's mastery of foundational
nursing theory, applied clinical knowledge, and professional decision-making skills. The examination
evaluates understanding of core nursing concepts, technical procedures, regulatory compliance, ethical
standards, and real-world workplace scenarios. The multiple-choice and scenario-based structure
emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and the practical application of nursing principles.
Students are expected to demonstrate professional judgment, safety awareness, and the ability to
interpret and analyze clinical situations. This assessment prepares candidates for professional practice by
requiring the integration of knowledge across diverse domains of nursing care.
SECTION ONE – QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which action demonstrates the correct
application of the "rights" of medication administration?
A. Administering the medication without checking the patient's identification
B. Verifying the patient's name, medication, dose, route, and time
C. Documenting the medication before administration
D. Allowing a family member to administer the medication
🟢 B. Verifying the patient's name, medication, dose, route, and time
🔴 Explanation: The rights of medication administration include verifying the right patient, medication,
dose, route, time, and documentation. This ensures patient safety and prevents medication errors.
,Question 2
A patient reports experiencing chest pain. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer a prescribed analgesic
B. Obtain a full set of vital signs
C. Perform an electrocardiogram
D. Notify the healthcare provider
🟢 B. Obtain a full set of vital signs
🔴 Explanation: Assessing vital signs is the priority to establish a baseline and determine the severity
of the patient's condition before further intervention.
Question 3
Which statement best describes the principle of autonomy in nursing ethics?
A. The nurse must always follow the physician's orders
B. The patient has the right to make decisions about their own care
C. The nurse should prioritize the needs of the hospital
D. The patient must comply with all treatment recommendations
🟢 B. The patient has the right to make decisions about their own care
🔴 Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to self-determination and to make informed
decisions regarding their healthcare.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a patient with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Which characteristic is expected?
A. Intact skin with redness
B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
C. Full-thickness tissue loss with visible bone
D. Obscured wound bed due to slough
🟢 B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
🔴 Explanation: A stage 2 pressure ulcer involves partial-thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis,
presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
Question 5
The nurse is calculating the intake and output for a patient. Which item should be recorded as intake?
A. Urine output
B. Wound drainage
C. Ice chips
D. Emesis
,🟢 C. Ice chips
🔴 Explanation: Ice chips are considered intake because they melt and contribute to fluid volume.
Urine, wound drainage, and emesis are outputs.
Question 6
A patient is scheduled for surgery. Which preoperative instruction is most important for the nurse to
reinforce?
A. "You may eat a light breakfast on the morning of surgery."
B. "Do not take any medications unless approved."
C. "You can drive yourself home after the procedure."
D. "Apply lotion to the surgical site before surgery."
🟢 B. "Do not take any medications unless approved."
🔴 Explanation: Patients must avoid unauthorized medications before surgery to prevent interactions
with anesthesia and ensure safety.
Question 7
Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing deep vein thrombosis in a postoperative
patient?
A. Encouraging prolonged bed rest
B. Applying cold compresses to the legs
C. Administering prescribed anticoagulants and encouraging leg exercises
D. Restricting fluid intake
🟢 C. Administering prescribed anticoagulants and encouraging leg exercises
🔴 Explanation: Early ambulation, leg exercises, and anticoagulant therapy are key measures to
prevent DVT in postoperative patients.
Question 8
The nurse observes a colleague not performing hand hygiene before patient contact. What is the
nurse's best action?
A. Ignore the behavior to avoid conflict
B. Report the colleague to the state board of nursing
C. Remind the colleague about hand hygiene protocols
D. Document the incident in the patient's chart
🟢 C. Remind the colleague about hand hygiene protocols
🔴 Explanation: The nurse should first address the issue directly with the colleague to promote patient
safety and adherence to infection control standards.
, Question 9
A patient with a nasogastric tube is receiving enteral feedings. Which action should the nurse take to
prevent aspiration?
A. Position the patient supine during feeding
B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees
C. Flush the tube with water after feeding
D. Administer feeding rapidly
🟢 B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees
🔴 Explanation: Elevating the head of the bed reduces the risk of aspiration during enteral feeding.
Question 10
Which finding indicates a potential complication in a patient receiving intravenous fluids?
A. Clear urine output
B. Swelling at the IV site
C. Moist mucous membranes
D. Blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg
🟢 B. Swelling at the IV site
🔴 Explanation: Swelling at the IV site may indicate infiltration or phlebitis, which requires immediate
intervention.
Question 11
The nurse is performing a health history. Which question is most appropriate to assess a patient's
cardiovascular risk?
A. "Do you have any allergies?"
B. "Do you experience shortness of breath or chest pain?"
C. "What is your typical diet?"
D. "How many hours do you sleep?"
🟢 B. "Do you experience shortness of breath or chest pain?"
🔴 Explanation: Chest pain and shortness of breath are classic symptoms of cardiovascular issues and
should be assessed directly.
Question 12
A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the patient avoid?
A. Fresh fruits
B. Canned soups
C. Grilled chicken
D. Steamed vegetables
PLUS RATIONALES | DOWNLOAD AND PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE 2026/2027] – QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | VERIFIED AND WELL DETAILED ANSWERS | PLUS RATIONALES | GUARANTEED
PASS | LATEST EXAM UPDATE
CORE DOMAINS
Fundamentals of Nursing Practice
Health Assessment and Physical Examination
Medication Administration and Dosage Calculation
Infection Control and Safety
Patient Care and Comfort
Ethical and Legal Principles in Nursing
Communication and Documentation
Vital Signs and Clinical Monitoring
Nutrition and Fluid Balance
Emergency and Perioperative Care
INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive final examination is designed to assess the nursing student's mastery of foundational
nursing theory, applied clinical knowledge, and professional decision-making skills. The examination
evaluates understanding of core nursing concepts, technical procedures, regulatory compliance, ethical
standards, and real-world workplace scenarios. The multiple-choice and scenario-based structure
emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving, and the practical application of nursing principles.
Students are expected to demonstrate professional judgment, safety awareness, and the ability to
interpret and analyze clinical situations. This assessment prepares candidates for professional practice by
requiring the integration of knowledge across diverse domains of nursing care.
SECTION ONE – QUESTIONS 1–100
Question 1
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which action demonstrates the correct
application of the "rights" of medication administration?
A. Administering the medication without checking the patient's identification
B. Verifying the patient's name, medication, dose, route, and time
C. Documenting the medication before administration
D. Allowing a family member to administer the medication
🟢 B. Verifying the patient's name, medication, dose, route, and time
🔴 Explanation: The rights of medication administration include verifying the right patient, medication,
dose, route, time, and documentation. This ensures patient safety and prevents medication errors.
,Question 2
A patient reports experiencing chest pain. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Administer a prescribed analgesic
B. Obtain a full set of vital signs
C. Perform an electrocardiogram
D. Notify the healthcare provider
🟢 B. Obtain a full set of vital signs
🔴 Explanation: Assessing vital signs is the priority to establish a baseline and determine the severity
of the patient's condition before further intervention.
Question 3
Which statement best describes the principle of autonomy in nursing ethics?
A. The nurse must always follow the physician's orders
B. The patient has the right to make decisions about their own care
C. The nurse should prioritize the needs of the hospital
D. The patient must comply with all treatment recommendations
🟢 B. The patient has the right to make decisions about their own care
🔴 Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient's right to self-determination and to make informed
decisions regarding their healthcare.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a patient with a stage 2 pressure ulcer. Which characteristic is expected?
A. Intact skin with redness
B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
C. Full-thickness tissue loss with visible bone
D. Obscured wound bed due to slough
🟢 B. Partial-thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
🔴 Explanation: A stage 2 pressure ulcer involves partial-thickness loss of skin with exposed dermis,
presenting as a shallow open ulcer.
Question 5
The nurse is calculating the intake and output for a patient. Which item should be recorded as intake?
A. Urine output
B. Wound drainage
C. Ice chips
D. Emesis
,🟢 C. Ice chips
🔴 Explanation: Ice chips are considered intake because they melt and contribute to fluid volume.
Urine, wound drainage, and emesis are outputs.
Question 6
A patient is scheduled for surgery. Which preoperative instruction is most important for the nurse to
reinforce?
A. "You may eat a light breakfast on the morning of surgery."
B. "Do not take any medications unless approved."
C. "You can drive yourself home after the procedure."
D. "Apply lotion to the surgical site before surgery."
🟢 B. "Do not take any medications unless approved."
🔴 Explanation: Patients must avoid unauthorized medications before surgery to prevent interactions
with anesthesia and ensure safety.
Question 7
Which intervention is most appropriate for preventing deep vein thrombosis in a postoperative
patient?
A. Encouraging prolonged bed rest
B. Applying cold compresses to the legs
C. Administering prescribed anticoagulants and encouraging leg exercises
D. Restricting fluid intake
🟢 C. Administering prescribed anticoagulants and encouraging leg exercises
🔴 Explanation: Early ambulation, leg exercises, and anticoagulant therapy are key measures to
prevent DVT in postoperative patients.
Question 8
The nurse observes a colleague not performing hand hygiene before patient contact. What is the
nurse's best action?
A. Ignore the behavior to avoid conflict
B. Report the colleague to the state board of nursing
C. Remind the colleague about hand hygiene protocols
D. Document the incident in the patient's chart
🟢 C. Remind the colleague about hand hygiene protocols
🔴 Explanation: The nurse should first address the issue directly with the colleague to promote patient
safety and adherence to infection control standards.
, Question 9
A patient with a nasogastric tube is receiving enteral feedings. Which action should the nurse take to
prevent aspiration?
A. Position the patient supine during feeding
B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees
C. Flush the tube with water after feeding
D. Administer feeding rapidly
🟢 B. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees
🔴 Explanation: Elevating the head of the bed reduces the risk of aspiration during enteral feeding.
Question 10
Which finding indicates a potential complication in a patient receiving intravenous fluids?
A. Clear urine output
B. Swelling at the IV site
C. Moist mucous membranes
D. Blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg
🟢 B. Swelling at the IV site
🔴 Explanation: Swelling at the IV site may indicate infiltration or phlebitis, which requires immediate
intervention.
Question 11
The nurse is performing a health history. Which question is most appropriate to assess a patient's
cardiovascular risk?
A. "Do you have any allergies?"
B. "Do you experience shortness of breath or chest pain?"
C. "What is your typical diet?"
D. "How many hours do you sleep?"
🟢 B. "Do you experience shortness of breath or chest pain?"
🔴 Explanation: Chest pain and shortness of breath are classic symptoms of cardiovascular issues and
should be assessed directly.
Question 12
A nurse is teaching a patient about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the patient avoid?
A. Fresh fruits
B. Canned soups
C. Grilled chicken
D. Steamed vegetables
