NES 103 Science Terms Questions with Correct
Solutions
sun
The center of our solar system
Every planet has moons except these two
Mercury and Venus
moons
naturally occurring satellites that orbit a planet
asteroids and comets
small rocky or icy objects that orbit the sun
asteroid belt
the region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are
found
Galaxies
consists of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity and contain millions of stars
stars
hot balls of of plasma and gases
Types of stars
supergiants, giants, white dwarfs, and neutrons
,nebulas
a large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; a region in space where stars are born or where
stars explode at the end of their lives
black hole
a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
lunar eclipse
the blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and the
moon
solar eclipse
occur when the moon lines up between Earth and the sun; the moon covers the sun, blocking
sunlight
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
geology
the study of the minerals and rocks that make up Earth
mineral
a naturally occurring, solid, inorganic substance with a crystalline structure
properties to identify a mineral
,color, luster, hardness, density
(Ex: talc, diamonds, topaz)
rock
a naturally occurring solid; can be either organic or inorganic and is composed of one or more
minerals
how they are formed
rocks are classified by...
3 types of rocks
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
igneous rock
a result of tectonic processes that bring magma, or melted rock, to the earth's surface; they can
form either above or below the surface
sedimentary rock
formed from the compaction of rock fragments that results from weathering and erosion
metamorphic rock
form when extreme temperatures and pressure cause the structure of pre-existing rocks to change
weathering
the mechanical and/or chemical processes by which rocks break down
luster
, The way a mineral reflects light (Ex: dull, metallic, pearly, waxy)
erosion
the movement of sediments from one place to another
paleontology
the study of the history of life on Earth
rock record
Information provided about the earth's history (biological history)
fossils
the preserved remains and traces of ancient life
tectonic plates
a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle
Pangea
A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago.
earthquakes
the friction created by tectonic plates sliding past each other
volcanoes
vents in the earth's crust that allow molten rock to reach the surface, frequently occur along the
edges of tectonic plates
crust
Solutions
sun
The center of our solar system
Every planet has moons except these two
Mercury and Venus
moons
naturally occurring satellites that orbit a planet
asteroids and comets
small rocky or icy objects that orbit the sun
asteroid belt
the region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are
found
Galaxies
consists of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity and contain millions of stars
stars
hot balls of of plasma and gases
Types of stars
supergiants, giants, white dwarfs, and neutrons
,nebulas
a large cloud of gas and dust in interstellar space; a region in space where stars are born or where
stars explode at the end of their lives
black hole
a region of space having a gravitational field so intense that no matter or radiation can escape.
lunar eclipse
the blocking of sunlight to the moon that occurs when Earth is directly between the sun and the
moon
solar eclipse
occur when the moon lines up between Earth and the sun; the moon covers the sun, blocking
sunlight
My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nachos
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
geology
the study of the minerals and rocks that make up Earth
mineral
a naturally occurring, solid, inorganic substance with a crystalline structure
properties to identify a mineral
,color, luster, hardness, density
(Ex: talc, diamonds, topaz)
rock
a naturally occurring solid; can be either organic or inorganic and is composed of one or more
minerals
how they are formed
rocks are classified by...
3 types of rocks
igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic
igneous rock
a result of tectonic processes that bring magma, or melted rock, to the earth's surface; they can
form either above or below the surface
sedimentary rock
formed from the compaction of rock fragments that results from weathering and erosion
metamorphic rock
form when extreme temperatures and pressure cause the structure of pre-existing rocks to change
weathering
the mechanical and/or chemical processes by which rocks break down
luster
, The way a mineral reflects light (Ex: dull, metallic, pearly, waxy)
erosion
the movement of sediments from one place to another
paleontology
the study of the history of life on Earth
rock record
Information provided about the earth's history (biological history)
fossils
the preserved remains and traces of ancient life
tectonic plates
a block of lithosphere that consists of the crust and the rigid, outermost part of the mantle
Pangea
A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago.
earthquakes
the friction created by tectonic plates sliding past each other
volcanoes
vents in the earth's crust that allow molten rock to reach the surface, frequently occur along the
edges of tectonic plates
crust
