NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
2026-2027 COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE EXAM
Question 1: Which condition is caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) levels in adulthood?
A. Gigantism
B. Acromegaly
C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
D. Dwarfism
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Acromegaly. Hypersecretion of GH in adults causes acromegaly,
characterized by bone thickening and soft tissue enlargement. Hypersecretion in children prior to
epiphyseal plate fusion causes gigantism.
Question 2: Diabetes insipidus is caused by which of the following?
A. A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin response
B. Excessive production of aldosterone
C. Too much production of insulin
D. Excessive antidiuretic hormone production
Correct answer ✔✔: A — A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin response. Diabetes
insipidus results from ADH deficiency (neurogenic) or kidney insensitivity to ADH (nephrogenic),
leading to polyuria and polydipsia.
Page 1
,NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Question 3: Which process describes a form of cell division occurring only in mature sperm and ova?
A. Proliferation
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Differentiation
Correct answer ✔✔: C — Meiosis. Meiosis is specialized cell division occurring in germ cells (sperm
and ova) to reduce the chromosome number by half (haploid).
Question 4: Which of the following causes inflammation of the vagina with copious foul-smelling and
yellow vaginal discharge?
A. Candidiasis
B. Trichomoniasis
C. Gonorrhea
D. Syphilis
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Trichomoniasis. Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis infection) presents
with copious, frothy, foul-smelling, green/yellow vaginal discharge and intense pruritus.
Question 5: Which of the following are common early signs of acute prostatitis?
A. Mild fever, vomiting, and leukopenia
B. Hesitancy and increased urinary output
C. Soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria
D. A hard nodule in the gland and pelvic pain
Correct answer ✔✔: C — Soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria. Acute bacterial prostatitis
manifests as a warm, swollen, soft, exquisitely tender prostate on rectal exam, accompanied by
dysuria, frequency, and fever.
Page 2
, NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Question 6: Which of the following would cause a client to experience gout?
A. Overproduction of uric acid
B. Decreased presence of serotonin receptors
C. Increased ammonia intake
D. Decreased calcium intake
Correct answer ✔✔: A — Overproduction of uric acid. Gout is caused by hyperuricemia due to uric
acid overproduction or decreased renal excretion, leading to monosodium urate crystal deposition in
joints.
Question 7: Which condition is a cause of rickets?
A. Vitamin D deficiency
B. Calcium excess
C. Phosphate deficiency
D. Vitamin D excess
Correct answer ✔✔: A — Vitamin D deficiency. Rickets occurs in children due to severe Vitamin D
deficiency, leading to impaired bone mineralization and bone softening.
Question 8: Which is the best way to prevent transmission of infectious agents?
A. Call the practitioner of herbal supplements
B. Wash hands
C. Avoid public areas as much as possible
D. Take antibiotics daily
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Wash hands. Proper hand hygiene is universally recognized as the single
most effective method to prevent the spread of infectious pathogens.
Page 3
NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
2026-2027 COMPREHENSIVE UPDATE EXAM
Question 1: Which condition is caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) levels in adulthood?
A. Gigantism
B. Acromegaly
C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
D. Dwarfism
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Acromegaly. Hypersecretion of GH in adults causes acromegaly,
characterized by bone thickening and soft tissue enlargement. Hypersecretion in children prior to
epiphyseal plate fusion causes gigantism.
Question 2: Diabetes insipidus is caused by which of the following?
A. A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin response
B. Excessive production of aldosterone
C. Too much production of insulin
D. Excessive antidiuretic hormone production
Correct answer ✔✔: A — A lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin response. Diabetes
insipidus results from ADH deficiency (neurogenic) or kidney insensitivity to ADH (nephrogenic),
leading to polyuria and polydipsia.
Page 1
,NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Question 3: Which process describes a form of cell division occurring only in mature sperm and ova?
A. Proliferation
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Differentiation
Correct answer ✔✔: C — Meiosis. Meiosis is specialized cell division occurring in germ cells (sperm
and ova) to reduce the chromosome number by half (haploid).
Question 4: Which of the following causes inflammation of the vagina with copious foul-smelling and
yellow vaginal discharge?
A. Candidiasis
B. Trichomoniasis
C. Gonorrhea
D. Syphilis
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Trichomoniasis. Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis infection) presents
with copious, frothy, foul-smelling, green/yellow vaginal discharge and intense pruritus.
Question 5: Which of the following are common early signs of acute prostatitis?
A. Mild fever, vomiting, and leukopenia
B. Hesitancy and increased urinary output
C. Soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria
D. A hard nodule in the gland and pelvic pain
Correct answer ✔✔: C — Soft, tender, enlarged gland and dysuria. Acute bacterial prostatitis
manifests as a warm, swollen, soft, exquisitely tender prostate on rectal exam, accompanied by
dysuria, frequency, and fever.
Page 2
, NUR 2063 MODULE 11 FINAL EXAM ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Question 6: Which of the following would cause a client to experience gout?
A. Overproduction of uric acid
B. Decreased presence of serotonin receptors
C. Increased ammonia intake
D. Decreased calcium intake
Correct answer ✔✔: A — Overproduction of uric acid. Gout is caused by hyperuricemia due to uric
acid overproduction or decreased renal excretion, leading to monosodium urate crystal deposition in
joints.
Question 7: Which condition is a cause of rickets?
A. Vitamin D deficiency
B. Calcium excess
C. Phosphate deficiency
D. Vitamin D excess
Correct answer ✔✔: A — Vitamin D deficiency. Rickets occurs in children due to severe Vitamin D
deficiency, leading to impaired bone mineralization and bone softening.
Question 8: Which is the best way to prevent transmission of infectious agents?
A. Call the practitioner of herbal supplements
B. Wash hands
C. Avoid public areas as much as possible
D. Take antibiotics daily
Correct answer ✔✔: B — Wash hands. Proper hand hygiene is universally recognized as the single
most effective method to prevent the spread of infectious pathogens.
Page 3
