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Immunology and Serology in Laboratory Medicine, 8th Edition by Mary Louise Turgeon
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Chapter 1-27j7




Chapter 01: Highlights of theInnate and Adaptive Immune Systems
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MULTIPLE CHOICE j 7




1. The—father‖ of immunologyis generallyconsidered to be j7 j7 j7 hl j7


a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.

ANS: B
LouisPasteuris generally considered to be the—father of immunology.‖
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DIF: Cognitive Level: I j7 j7




2. An early form of immunization was practiced by the
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a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. Native Americans. j7




ANS: C
Beginning about 1000 AD, the Chinese practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried po wder s
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derived from the crusts of smallpox lesions.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: I j7 j7




3. A j7 specific function of the immune system is to
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a. recognize self from nonself. j7 j7 j7


b. defend the body against nonself.
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c. amplify specific functions. j7 j7


d. Both A and B. j7 j7 j7




ANS: D
The function of the immune system is to recognize self from nonself and defend the body a gain st
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nonself. Such a system is necessary for survival. The immune system also has nonsp
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ecific j7


effector mechanisms that usually amplify the specific functions. Nonspecific compon ents of th e
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immune system include mononuclear phagocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes
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, and soluble factors (e.g., complement).
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DIF: Cognitive Level: I j7 j7




4. An undesirable consequence of immunity is
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a. natural resistance. j7


b. acquired resistance to infectious diseases. j7 j7 j7 j7




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, c. an autoimmune disorder. j7 j7


d. recovery from infectious disease. j7 j7 j 7




ANS: C
The desirable consequences of immunity include natural resistance, recovery, and acquired re sist a
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nce to infectious diseases. A deficiency or dysfunction of the immune system can cause m any di so
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rders. Undesirable consequences of immunity include allergy, rejection of a transplan ted organ
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, or an autoimmune disorder.
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DIF: j 7 Cognitive Level: I j7 j7




5. The immune system has various distinctive characteristics except;
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a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperation among different cells. j7 j7 j7




ANS: D
The immune system is composed of a large, complex set of widely distributed elements, wi
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th j7


the distinctive characteristics of specificity, memory, mobility, replicability, and coopera tion
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among different cells or cellular products. Specificity and memory are characteristics
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of lymphocytes in the immune system. Nonspecific elements of the immune system demonst r
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ate mobility. In addition, specific and nonspecific cellular components of the immune syste m ca
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n r eplicate. Cooperation is required for optimal functioning, and interaction involves s pecific c
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ell ular elements, cell products, and nonlymphoid elements.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: I j7 j7




6. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the j7 j7 j7 j7 j7 j7 j7


a. immediate hours after conception j7 j7 j7


b. second month of gestation. j7 j7 j7


c. second trimester of gestation. j7 j7 j7


d. periods of severe anemia in children. j7 j7 j7 j7 j 7




ANS: A
The sites of blood cell development, or hematopoiesis, follow a definite sequence in the e
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mbr j


7yo and fetus. Hematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac during the second month of gestation
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.

DIF: Cognitive Level: II j7 j7




7. The sequence of blood cell development in the embryo and fetus is
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a. yolk sac, liver-spleen, bone marrow. j7 j7 j7 j7


b. yolk sac, bone marrow, liver/spleen. j7 j7 j7 j7


c. liver-spleen, yolk sac, bone marrow. j7 j7 j7 j7


d. bone marrow, liver-spleen, yolk sac. j7 j7 j7 j7




ANS: A




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