SCRN study guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
1. Cerebral Cortex Cerebral cortex = GRAY matter; outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres. Con-
vs. White matter tains neuronal cell bodies and is responsible for higher cortical functions.
White matter = myelinated AXON TRACTS beneath the cortex that connect brain
regions.
Think:
GRAY = cortex
WHITE = connections
2. Corpus callosum Connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
3. Meninges, dural Meninges from outer ’inner:
folds & subarach- DURA ’ARACHNOID ’PIA
noid space
Dura:
- Thick outer layer
- Falx separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres
- Tentorium separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Subarachnoid space:
- Between arachnoid and pia
- Contains CSF and major cerebral vessels
- Ruptured cerebral aneurysm can bleed here ’SAH
Think:
Falx = hemisphere from hemisphere
Tentorium = cerebrum from cerebellum
4. Frontal lobe Reasoning, emotions, judgment, behavior, planning, voluntary movement.
5. Broca area Frontal lobe; motor/expressive speech.
Can understand but can't express.
, SCRN study guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
6. Motor strip / pre- Posterior frontal lobe; controls voluntary movement.
central gyrus
7. Parietal lobe Sensory processing and spatial/body awareness.
8. Sensory strip / Anterior parietal lobe; processes sensory input.
postcentral gyrus
9. Homunculus Top/medial cortex controls legs; lower/lateral cortex controls face and arms.
10. Occipital lobe Vision, color recognition, motion perception.
11. Temporal lobe Hearing, memory, recognition, receptive speech.
12. Wernicke area Temporal lobe; receptive speech/comprehension.
Can form words but doesn't make sense.
13. Thalamus Major RELAY station for sensory information; also influences arousal and con-
sciousness.
The thalamus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland together make up the DIEN-
CEPHALON.
Think:
THALAMUS = RELAY
14. Hypothalamus Controls temperature, BP, hunger, thirst, hormones, and circadian rhythms.
15. Basal ganglia Controls voluntary movement and coordination of movement.
16. Midbrain Upper brainstem; CN III and IV; motor/sensory tracts, arousal, vision.
17. Pons Middle brainstem.
Key functions:
, SCRN study guide
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- Communication between cerebrum and cerebellum
- Respiratory regulation
- Arousal/consciousness
- Swallowing
- Hearing/balance
- Eye and facial function
CN V-VIII are associated with the pons.
Major pontine injury can cause locked-in syndrome.
18. Locked-in syn- Pontine stroke causing quadriplegia with preserved consciousness; eye blinking
drome may remain.
19. medulla oblon- Lower brainstem; controls heart rate, respiration, swallowing; CN IX, X, XII.
gata
20. Cerebellum Coordination and balance; injury causes ataxia, incoordination, dysarthria.
21. Anterior circula- Common carotid artery ’internal carotid artery (ICA) ’ACA + MCA
tion
Supplies most of the:
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
Think:
ICA gives you ACA + MCA.
22. Posterior circula- Subclavian arteries ’vertebral arteries ’basilar artery ’posterior cerebral arteries
tion (PCA)
Major cerebellar branches include:
- PICA
, SCRN study guide
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- AICA
- Superior cerebellar artery
Supplies:
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
- Occipital lobes/posterior cerebrum
- Portions of the thalamus/temporal region
Think:
VERTEBRAL ’BASILAR ’PCA
23. Circle of Willis Includes:
- Internal carotid arteries
- ACA
- Anterior communicating artery
- PCA
- Posterior communicating arteries
NOT part of the Circle of Willis:
- MCA
- Vertebral arteries
- Basilar artery
24. MCA territory & SUPPLIES:
stroke syndrome - Most lateral frontal and parietal cortex
- Lateral temporal lobe
- Internal capsule
- Basal ganglia
STROKE FINDINGS:
- CONTRALATERAL FACE/ARM > LEG weakness
- CONTRALATERAL FACE/ARM > LEG sensory loss
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
1. Cerebral Cortex Cerebral cortex = GRAY matter; outer portion of the cerebral hemispheres. Con-
vs. White matter tains neuronal cell bodies and is responsible for higher cortical functions.
White matter = myelinated AXON TRACTS beneath the cortex that connect brain
regions.
Think:
GRAY = cortex
WHITE = connections
2. Corpus callosum Connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres.
3. Meninges, dural Meninges from outer ’inner:
folds & subarach- DURA ’ARACHNOID ’PIA
noid space
Dura:
- Thick outer layer
- Falx separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres
- Tentorium separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Subarachnoid space:
- Between arachnoid and pia
- Contains CSF and major cerebral vessels
- Ruptured cerebral aneurysm can bleed here ’SAH
Think:
Falx = hemisphere from hemisphere
Tentorium = cerebrum from cerebellum
4. Frontal lobe Reasoning, emotions, judgment, behavior, planning, voluntary movement.
5. Broca area Frontal lobe; motor/expressive speech.
Can understand but can't express.
, SCRN study guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
6. Motor strip / pre- Posterior frontal lobe; controls voluntary movement.
central gyrus
7. Parietal lobe Sensory processing and spatial/body awareness.
8. Sensory strip / Anterior parietal lobe; processes sensory input.
postcentral gyrus
9. Homunculus Top/medial cortex controls legs; lower/lateral cortex controls face and arms.
10. Occipital lobe Vision, color recognition, motion perception.
11. Temporal lobe Hearing, memory, recognition, receptive speech.
12. Wernicke area Temporal lobe; receptive speech/comprehension.
Can form words but doesn't make sense.
13. Thalamus Major RELAY station for sensory information; also influences arousal and con-
sciousness.
The thalamus, hypothalamus, and pineal gland together make up the DIEN-
CEPHALON.
Think:
THALAMUS = RELAY
14. Hypothalamus Controls temperature, BP, hunger, thirst, hormones, and circadian rhythms.
15. Basal ganglia Controls voluntary movement and coordination of movement.
16. Midbrain Upper brainstem; CN III and IV; motor/sensory tracts, arousal, vision.
17. Pons Middle brainstem.
Key functions:
, SCRN study guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
- Communication between cerebrum and cerebellum
- Respiratory regulation
- Arousal/consciousness
- Swallowing
- Hearing/balance
- Eye and facial function
CN V-VIII are associated with the pons.
Major pontine injury can cause locked-in syndrome.
18. Locked-in syn- Pontine stroke causing quadriplegia with preserved consciousness; eye blinking
drome may remain.
19. medulla oblon- Lower brainstem; controls heart rate, respiration, swallowing; CN IX, X, XII.
gata
20. Cerebellum Coordination and balance; injury causes ataxia, incoordination, dysarthria.
21. Anterior circula- Common carotid artery ’internal carotid artery (ICA) ’ACA + MCA
tion
Supplies most of the:
- Frontal lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
Think:
ICA gives you ACA + MCA.
22. Posterior circula- Subclavian arteries ’vertebral arteries ’basilar artery ’posterior cerebral arteries
tion (PCA)
Major cerebellar branches include:
- PICA
, SCRN study guide
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_jxl5m6
- AICA
- Superior cerebellar artery
Supplies:
- Brainstem
- Cerebellum
- Occipital lobes/posterior cerebrum
- Portions of the thalamus/temporal region
Think:
VERTEBRAL ’BASILAR ’PCA
23. Circle of Willis Includes:
- Internal carotid arteries
- ACA
- Anterior communicating artery
- PCA
- Posterior communicating arteries
NOT part of the Circle of Willis:
- MCA
- Vertebral arteries
- Basilar artery
24. MCA territory & SUPPLIES:
stroke syndrome - Most lateral frontal and parietal cortex
- Lateral temporal lobe
- Internal capsule
- Basal ganglia
STROKE FINDINGS:
- CONTRALATERAL FACE/ARM > LEG weakness
- CONTRALATERAL FACE/ARM > LEG sensory loss
