PENN FOSTER VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY
FINAL EXAM FINAL PAPER 2026 FULL
SOLUTION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
◉ Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from
administration to excretion.
Answer: Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream,
the drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free
state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level where it
leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and
allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then
exits the cell and moves back into interstitial fluid, reenters
circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism. The
metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
◉ List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient..
Answer: Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous,
intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary,
inhalation, topical, intradermal
◉ List some of the factors that influence drug absorption.
,Answer: Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status,
absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug,
dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs
◉ Most biotransformation occurs in the_____.
Answer: Liver
◉ Most drug excretion occurs via the ______.
Answer: Kidneys
◉ Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific
cellular_____.
Answer: Receptors
◉ The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive
property of that company is called.
Answer: Trade/Proprietary Name
◉ What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label?.
Answer: names (generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name
and address of manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date
,◉ What are three government agencies that regulate the
development, approval, and use of animal health products?.
Answer: FDA, EPA, USDA
◉ Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of
the drugs that they use?.
Answer: Profit earned from selling products
◉ Describe the marketing of animal health products.
Answer: Purchased from manufacturers, distributors, or generic
mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate
veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
◉ all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication
entitled_____.
Answer: The Green Book
◉ What is the purpose of FARAD?.
Answer: Provides resources concerning the avoidance of drug
residues in animals
◉ Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed
circumstances) by what act of congress?.
Answer: Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA)
, ◉ Define Compounding.
Answer: Diluting or combingin existing drugs
◉ What are potential dangers of residues in animal products.
Answer: May cause allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may
cause the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria
◉ List 3 classes of drug interactions.
Answer: Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and pharmaceutic
◉ Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that
are both metabolized by the_____.
Answer: Liver
◉ Define: Ethical Product.
Answer: one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the
manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
◉ Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a_____.
Answer: Metabolite
FINAL EXAM FINAL PAPER 2026 FULL
SOLUTION QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
◉ Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from
administration to excretion.
Answer: Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream,
the drug may bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free
state, circulating blood distributes drug to capillary level where it
leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and
allows drug to bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then
exits the cell and moves back into interstitial fluid, reenters
circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism. The
metabolite is then transported to kidneys for excretion.
◉ List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient..
Answer: Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous,
intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary,
inhalation, topical, intradermal
◉ List some of the factors that influence drug absorption.
,Answer: Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status,
absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug,
dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs
◉ Most biotransformation occurs in the_____.
Answer: Liver
◉ Most drug excretion occurs via the ______.
Answer: Kidneys
◉ Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific
cellular_____.
Answer: Receptors
◉ The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive
property of that company is called.
Answer: Trade/Proprietary Name
◉ What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label?.
Answer: names (generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name
and address of manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date
,◉ What are three government agencies that regulate the
development, approval, and use of animal health products?.
Answer: FDA, EPA, USDA
◉ Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of
the drugs that they use?.
Answer: Profit earned from selling products
◉ Describe the marketing of animal health products.
Answer: Purchased from manufacturers, distributors, or generic
mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate
veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
◉ all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication
entitled_____.
Answer: The Green Book
◉ What is the purpose of FARAD?.
Answer: Provides resources concerning the avoidance of drug
residues in animals
◉ Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed
circumstances) by what act of congress?.
Answer: Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA)
, ◉ Define Compounding.
Answer: Diluting or combingin existing drugs
◉ What are potential dangers of residues in animal products.
Answer: May cause allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may
cause the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria
◉ List 3 classes of drug interactions.
Answer: Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and pharmaceutic
◉ Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that
are both metabolized by the_____.
Answer: Liver
◉ Define: Ethical Product.
Answer: one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the
manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
◉ Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a_____.
Answer: Metabolite
