PENN FOSTER VETERINARY
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM EXAM
REVIEW VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED SOLUTIONS STUDY RESOURCE
GRADED A+
⩥ Bipyridine derivatives.
Answer: such as amrinone (given IV) and milrinone (given orally), work
by inhibiting enzymes that lead to an increase in cellular calcium
⩥ Surfactants.
Answer: Auch as docusate, reduce water surface tension, which allows
water to penetrate into and soften the contents of the gastrointestinal
tract
⩥ Protectants.
Answer: such as bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) or activated
charcoal (treated with oxygen to make the charcoal highly absorbent),
coat the intestines and relieve inflammation. Adsorbents bind with
bacteria or toxins to protect against their harmful effects
⩥ Antifoaming agents.
,Answer: such as bloat guard, are used in ruminants to prevent gas
bloating. These agents are surfactants that change the surface tension of
the bubbles and cause them to break down so they can be expelled
through a stomach tube, which relieves the bloat.
⩥ Anti-inflammatory drugs.
Answer: such as prednisolone, azathioprine, or sulfasalazine, are used to
decrease inflammation in the intestinal walls in cases of idiopathic
(cause unknown) inflammatory bowel disease
⩥ GI prokinetics/stimulants.
Answer: increase the motility of part of the gastrointestinal system to
increase the speed of materials through the tract
⩥ Bulk-producing agents.
Answer: such as Metamucil, bran, or psyllium, absorb water and swell to
increase the bulk of the intestinal contents, stimulating peristalsis
(contractions that force the contents out)
⩥ A fecal examination.
Answer: Afloat, using a centrifuge machine to separate the parts of fecal
matter and direct smearing feces on a slide and examining it under a
microscope is recommended to rule out parasites as the cause
⩥ Prostaglandin E-1 analogs.
, Answer: such as misoprostol, are used to decrease stomach acid
production (at high doses), to protect the stomach lining (at low doses),
and to prevent or treat gastric ulcers associated with the use of NSAIDs
⩥ Endocrine System.
Answer: Pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
Thyroid gland
Ovaries or testicles
Pancreas
Kidneys
⩥ Hypothalamus.
Answer: sense whether certain hormones need produced, some factors
that influence that are Odors, Sounds, Sights, Stress, Temperature. It
releases trophic (growth-type) hormones, which travel through the blood
to various organs. Negative feedback is where high levels of hormone
decrease the activity of the hypothalamus. Positive feedback is where
low levels of the hormone cause increased activity of the hypothalamus
PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM EXAM
REVIEW VERIFIED QUESTIONS WITH
DETAILED SOLUTIONS STUDY RESOURCE
GRADED A+
⩥ Bipyridine derivatives.
Answer: such as amrinone (given IV) and milrinone (given orally), work
by inhibiting enzymes that lead to an increase in cellular calcium
⩥ Surfactants.
Answer: Auch as docusate, reduce water surface tension, which allows
water to penetrate into and soften the contents of the gastrointestinal
tract
⩥ Protectants.
Answer: such as bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) or activated
charcoal (treated with oxygen to make the charcoal highly absorbent),
coat the intestines and relieve inflammation. Adsorbents bind with
bacteria or toxins to protect against their harmful effects
⩥ Antifoaming agents.
,Answer: such as bloat guard, are used in ruminants to prevent gas
bloating. These agents are surfactants that change the surface tension of
the bubbles and cause them to break down so they can be expelled
through a stomach tube, which relieves the bloat.
⩥ Anti-inflammatory drugs.
Answer: such as prednisolone, azathioprine, or sulfasalazine, are used to
decrease inflammation in the intestinal walls in cases of idiopathic
(cause unknown) inflammatory bowel disease
⩥ GI prokinetics/stimulants.
Answer: increase the motility of part of the gastrointestinal system to
increase the speed of materials through the tract
⩥ Bulk-producing agents.
Answer: such as Metamucil, bran, or psyllium, absorb water and swell to
increase the bulk of the intestinal contents, stimulating peristalsis
(contractions that force the contents out)
⩥ A fecal examination.
Answer: Afloat, using a centrifuge machine to separate the parts of fecal
matter and direct smearing feces on a slide and examining it under a
microscope is recommended to rule out parasites as the cause
⩥ Prostaglandin E-1 analogs.
, Answer: such as misoprostol, are used to decrease stomach acid
production (at high doses), to protect the stomach lining (at low doses),
and to prevent or treat gastric ulcers associated with the use of NSAIDs
⩥ Endocrine System.
Answer: Pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
Thyroid gland
Ovaries or testicles
Pancreas
Kidneys
⩥ Hypothalamus.
Answer: sense whether certain hormones need produced, some factors
that influence that are Odors, Sounds, Sights, Stress, Temperature. It
releases trophic (growth-type) hormones, which travel through the blood
to various organs. Negative feedback is where high levels of hormone
decrease the activity of the hypothalamus. Positive feedback is where
low levels of the hormone cause increased activity of the hypothalamus
