,PANRE Physician Assistant Recertification Exam 2026 |
Comprehensive Test Bank | Question And Answers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Cardiovascular System — Q1–Q24
2. Dermatologic System — Q25–Q34
3. Endocrine System — Q35–Q50
4. Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat — Q51–Q66
5. Gastrointestinal System/Nutrition — Q67–Q86
6. Genitourinary System — Q87–Q96
7. Hematologic System — Q97–Q104
8. Infectious Diseases — Q105–Q118
9. Musculoskeletal System — Q119–Q134
10. Neurologic System — Q135–Q144
11. Psychiatry/Behavioral Science — Q145–Q158
12. Pulmonary System — Q159–Q178
13. Renal System — Q179–Q186
14. Reproductive System — Q187–Q196
15. Emergent Topics: Legal, Ethical, DEI — Q197–Q200
1. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Q1. A 68-year-old patient develops substernal pressure radiating to
the jaw with diaphoresis. ECG shows ST-segment elevation in leads
II, III, and aVF. Which artery is most likely involved?
A) Left anterior descending artery
B) Right coronary artery
C) Left main coronary artery
D) Left circumflex artery
Correct Answer: B) Right coronary artery
,Rationale: ST elevation in II, III, and aVF indicates an inferior myocardial
infarction, most commonly involving the right coronary artery.
Q2. A patient with an inferior myocardial infarction becomes
hypotensive after receiving nitroglycerin. Which complication
should be suspected?
A) Right ventricular infarction
B) Left ventricular aneurysm
C) Acute mitral stenosis
D) Aortic dissection
Correct Answer: A) Right ventricular infarction
Rationale: Right ventricular infarction is preload dependent, so venodilation
from nitrates can markedly reduce cardiac output and blood pressure.
Q3. Which finding most strongly supports acute decompensated
heart failure?
A) Orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, and elevated jugular venous pressure
B) Isolated fever and cough
C) Bradycardia without symptoms
D) Unilateral calf tenderness
Correct Answer: A) Orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, and elevated jugular
venous pressure
Rationale: These findings indicate pulmonary and systemic venous
congestion from worsening cardiac function.
Q4. Which echocardiographic finding is characteristic of heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction?
A) Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
B) Increased right atrial pressure only
C) Normal ventricular function
D) Isolated valvular thickening
Correct Answer: A) Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Rationale: HFrEF is characterized by impaired left ventricular systolic
contraction and reduced ejection fraction.
, Q5. A patient with hypertension has a harsh crescendo-decrescendo
systolic murmur that radiates to the carotids. Which diagnosis is
most likely?
A) Mitral regurgitation
B) Aortic stenosis
C) Aortic regurgitation
D) Mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: B) Aortic stenosis
Rationale: Aortic stenosis produces a systolic ejection murmur that
commonly radiates to the carotid arteries.
Q6. Which symptom triad is classically associated with severe aortic
stenosis?
A) Syncope, angina, and dyspnea
B) Fever, rash, and edema
C) Palpitations, cough, and hematuria
D) Pleuritic pain, wheezing, and syncope
Correct Answer: A) Syncope, angina, and dyspnea
Rationale: Severe aortic stenosis can reduce cardiac output during exertion
and produce these three classic symptoms.
Q7. Which murmur is most consistent with mitral regurgitation?
A) Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla
B) Diastolic rumble at the apex
C) Systolic murmur radiating to the carotids
D) Continuous machinery murmur
Correct Answer: A) Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla
Rationale: Mitral regurgitation produces a holosystolic murmur best heard
at the apex and often radiating to the axilla.
Q8. A patient with atrial fibrillation develops sudden aphasia and
unilateral weakness. What is the most likely mechanism?
A) Cardioembolic stroke
B) Hypoglycemic injury
C) Venous sinus thrombosis
D) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Comprehensive Test Bank | Question And Answers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Cardiovascular System — Q1–Q24
2. Dermatologic System — Q25–Q34
3. Endocrine System — Q35–Q50
4. Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat — Q51–Q66
5. Gastrointestinal System/Nutrition — Q67–Q86
6. Genitourinary System — Q87–Q96
7. Hematologic System — Q97–Q104
8. Infectious Diseases — Q105–Q118
9. Musculoskeletal System — Q119–Q134
10. Neurologic System — Q135–Q144
11. Psychiatry/Behavioral Science — Q145–Q158
12. Pulmonary System — Q159–Q178
13. Renal System — Q179–Q186
14. Reproductive System — Q187–Q196
15. Emergent Topics: Legal, Ethical, DEI — Q197–Q200
1. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Q1. A 68-year-old patient develops substernal pressure radiating to
the jaw with diaphoresis. ECG shows ST-segment elevation in leads
II, III, and aVF. Which artery is most likely involved?
A) Left anterior descending artery
B) Right coronary artery
C) Left main coronary artery
D) Left circumflex artery
Correct Answer: B) Right coronary artery
,Rationale: ST elevation in II, III, and aVF indicates an inferior myocardial
infarction, most commonly involving the right coronary artery.
Q2. A patient with an inferior myocardial infarction becomes
hypotensive after receiving nitroglycerin. Which complication
should be suspected?
A) Right ventricular infarction
B) Left ventricular aneurysm
C) Acute mitral stenosis
D) Aortic dissection
Correct Answer: A) Right ventricular infarction
Rationale: Right ventricular infarction is preload dependent, so venodilation
from nitrates can markedly reduce cardiac output and blood pressure.
Q3. Which finding most strongly supports acute decompensated
heart failure?
A) Orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, and elevated jugular venous pressure
B) Isolated fever and cough
C) Bradycardia without symptoms
D) Unilateral calf tenderness
Correct Answer: A) Orthopnea, pulmonary crackles, and elevated jugular
venous pressure
Rationale: These findings indicate pulmonary and systemic venous
congestion from worsening cardiac function.
Q4. Which echocardiographic finding is characteristic of heart
failure with reduced ejection fraction?
A) Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
B) Increased right atrial pressure only
C) Normal ventricular function
D) Isolated valvular thickening
Correct Answer: A) Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Rationale: HFrEF is characterized by impaired left ventricular systolic
contraction and reduced ejection fraction.
, Q5. A patient with hypertension has a harsh crescendo-decrescendo
systolic murmur that radiates to the carotids. Which diagnosis is
most likely?
A) Mitral regurgitation
B) Aortic stenosis
C) Aortic regurgitation
D) Mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: B) Aortic stenosis
Rationale: Aortic stenosis produces a systolic ejection murmur that
commonly radiates to the carotid arteries.
Q6. Which symptom triad is classically associated with severe aortic
stenosis?
A) Syncope, angina, and dyspnea
B) Fever, rash, and edema
C) Palpitations, cough, and hematuria
D) Pleuritic pain, wheezing, and syncope
Correct Answer: A) Syncope, angina, and dyspnea
Rationale: Severe aortic stenosis can reduce cardiac output during exertion
and produce these three classic symptoms.
Q7. Which murmur is most consistent with mitral regurgitation?
A) Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla
B) Diastolic rumble at the apex
C) Systolic murmur radiating to the carotids
D) Continuous machinery murmur
Correct Answer: A) Holosystolic murmur radiating to the axilla
Rationale: Mitral regurgitation produces a holosystolic murmur best heard
at the apex and often radiating to the axilla.
Q8. A patient with atrial fibrillation develops sudden aphasia and
unilateral weakness. What is the most likely mechanism?
A) Cardioembolic stroke
B) Hypoglycemic injury
C) Venous sinus thrombosis
D) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
