PSY 355 FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. *Chapter 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships*
Answer:
Question:
2. What is the evidence for a good complexion being universally attractive?
Answer:
having a good complexion is associated with having good health
Question:
3. What kinds of faces are found to be universally attractive? (3 things)
Answer:
1. good complexion 2. bilateral symmetry 3. average sized facial features
Question:
4. What is the evidence for bilateral symmetry being universally attractive?
Answer:
having a symmetrical face and body indicates developmental stability
Question:
5. What is the evidence for average sized facial features as being universally attractive?
Answer:
People with average sized facial features are less likely to have genetic abnormalities and average faces
can be thought of as prototypes of faces
Question:
6. What are aspects of attractiveness that are culturally-influenced? (2 things)
Answer:
1. weight 2. similarity attraction effect
Question:
7. What is the similarity attraction effect?
Answer:
when someone is attracted to someone else who has similar characteristics to them, like similar attitudes,
personality, religion, hobbies
Question:
8. Characteristics of cultures with high relation mobility (5 things)
Answer:
1. an environment where there is a high opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are flexible and
voluntary 3. relationships are made based on if it benefits to the self 4. default state is alone 5. associated
with IND self-construles
,Question:
9. does high or low relation mobility encourage enemies? why?
Answer:
low relation mobility because you are born into your relationships and in high relation mobility you are
encouraged to only be friends with people who benefit you
Question:
10. characteristics of cultures with low relation mobility (5 things)
Answer:
1. an environment where there is a low opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are stable 3. you have
an obligation to the relationships you're in 4. born into relationships
5. associated with INT self-construles
Question:
11. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no friends?
Answer:
in the U.S they would think there is something wrong with that person, in Ghana they would think that's
impossible because you're born into relationships
Question:
12. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with a lot of friends?
Answer:
in the U.S. they would think they were a good and popular person, in Ghana they would think that person
needs to be careful who they let in their in-group because relationships define the self
Question:
13. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no enemies?
Answer:
in the U.S they would think they are a good person, in Ghana they would think that person is foolish
because it's impossible to have no enemies because you're born into relationships
Question:
14. types of arranged marriages (4 things)
Answer:
1. parents choose partner and individual cannot object 2. parents choose and individual can object 3.
parents and individual negotiate an agreement 4. individual chooses partner and parents can agree or object
Question:
15. What are the beliefs underlying why people do arranged marriages? (4 things)
Answer:
1. closer bond between extended families 2. personal emotions are less important than family 3. love
develops over time and takes different forms 4. emphasis on companionship and commitment rather than
intimacy and passion
Question:
16. What are cultural factors that encourage people to have arranged marriages or love marriages?
, Answer:
in IND cultures there are more love marriages because people idolize their partner by choice and in COLL
cultures there are more arranged marriages
Question:
17. *Chapter 12: Morality, Religion, & Justice*
Answer:
Question:
18. What makes something a moral issue? (4 things)
Answer:
1. applies to everyone
2. not easily changed over time
3. based on basic needs/important values
4. objectively wrong
Question:
19. what makes a moral issue objective? (2 things)
Answer:
1. it's more than a personal decision. Can a person engage in X if they wanted to? If yes then it's a choice
and not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue
2. it's regulated by more than just social norms. Is there any situation where engaging in X is culturally
permitted? If yes then it's not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue and is punishable
Question:
20. What are the 3 levels of Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning in order?
Answer:
1. preconventional
2. conventional
3. postconventional
Question:
21. Preconventional level of moral reasoning
Answer:
think of behaviors as having a personal consequences. you know the difference between good and bad
behavior based on the consequences
Question:
22. conventional level of moral reasoning (2 things)
Answer:
1. act in a way that maintains social order
2. Things are seen as wrong if they go against the rules or laws of the group you're apart of
Question:
23. postconventional moral reasoning (3 things)
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. *Chapter 11: Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships*
Answer:
Question:
2. What is the evidence for a good complexion being universally attractive?
Answer:
having a good complexion is associated with having good health
Question:
3. What kinds of faces are found to be universally attractive? (3 things)
Answer:
1. good complexion 2. bilateral symmetry 3. average sized facial features
Question:
4. What is the evidence for bilateral symmetry being universally attractive?
Answer:
having a symmetrical face and body indicates developmental stability
Question:
5. What is the evidence for average sized facial features as being universally attractive?
Answer:
People with average sized facial features are less likely to have genetic abnormalities and average faces
can be thought of as prototypes of faces
Question:
6. What are aspects of attractiveness that are culturally-influenced? (2 things)
Answer:
1. weight 2. similarity attraction effect
Question:
7. What is the similarity attraction effect?
Answer:
when someone is attracted to someone else who has similar characteristics to them, like similar attitudes,
personality, religion, hobbies
Question:
8. Characteristics of cultures with high relation mobility (5 things)
Answer:
1. an environment where there is a high opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are flexible and
voluntary 3. relationships are made based on if it benefits to the self 4. default state is alone 5. associated
with IND self-construles
,Question:
9. does high or low relation mobility encourage enemies? why?
Answer:
low relation mobility because you are born into your relationships and in high relation mobility you are
encouraged to only be friends with people who benefit you
Question:
10. characteristics of cultures with low relation mobility (5 things)
Answer:
1. an environment where there is a low opportunity for relationships 2. relationships are stable 3. you have
an obligation to the relationships you're in 4. born into relationships
5. associated with INT self-construles
Question:
11. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no friends?
Answer:
in the U.S they would think there is something wrong with that person, in Ghana they would think that's
impossible because you're born into relationships
Question:
12. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with a lot of friends?
Answer:
in the U.S. they would think they were a good and popular person, in Ghana they would think that person
needs to be careful who they let in their in-group because relationships define the self
Question:
13. How would a person in the U.S or Ghana view someone with no enemies?
Answer:
in the U.S they would think they are a good person, in Ghana they would think that person is foolish
because it's impossible to have no enemies because you're born into relationships
Question:
14. types of arranged marriages (4 things)
Answer:
1. parents choose partner and individual cannot object 2. parents choose and individual can object 3.
parents and individual negotiate an agreement 4. individual chooses partner and parents can agree or object
Question:
15. What are the beliefs underlying why people do arranged marriages? (4 things)
Answer:
1. closer bond between extended families 2. personal emotions are less important than family 3. love
develops over time and takes different forms 4. emphasis on companionship and commitment rather than
intimacy and passion
Question:
16. What are cultural factors that encourage people to have arranged marriages or love marriages?
, Answer:
in IND cultures there are more love marriages because people idolize their partner by choice and in COLL
cultures there are more arranged marriages
Question:
17. *Chapter 12: Morality, Religion, & Justice*
Answer:
Question:
18. What makes something a moral issue? (4 things)
Answer:
1. applies to everyone
2. not easily changed over time
3. based on basic needs/important values
4. objectively wrong
Question:
19. what makes a moral issue objective? (2 things)
Answer:
1. it's more than a personal decision. Can a person engage in X if they wanted to? If yes then it's a choice
and not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue
2. it's regulated by more than just social norms. Is there any situation where engaging in X is culturally
permitted? If yes then it's not a moral issue. If no then it's a moral issue and is punishable
Question:
20. What are the 3 levels of Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning in order?
Answer:
1. preconventional
2. conventional
3. postconventional
Question:
21. Preconventional level of moral reasoning
Answer:
think of behaviors as having a personal consequences. you know the difference between good and bad
behavior based on the consequences
Question:
22. conventional level of moral reasoning (2 things)
Answer:
1. act in a way that maintains social order
2. Things are seen as wrong if they go against the rules or laws of the group you're apart of
Question:
23. postconventional moral reasoning (3 things)
