IPHY 3490 CU BOULDER FINAL EXAM UPDATED ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. sporadic
Answer:
A disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly
Question:
2. Endemic:
Answer:
Continuous occurrence at and expected frequency over a certain period and in a certain geographical
location
Question:
3. Holoendemic:
Answer:
-Symptoms of disease do NOT appear equally across the age groups
-Implies one age groups is more affected by a disease than other groups
Question:
4. Hyperendemic
Answer:
Persistent, high levels of disease occurrence
Question:
5. Outbreak
Answer:
When the epidemic is restricted to a small geographic area or population
Question:
6. Epidemic
Answer:
The occurrence of a disease that is greater than the expected in a certain geographical regions
Question:
7. Zoonotic
Answer:
-Any disease of animals communicable to humans
-Ex: rabies & covid-19
Question:
8. Enzootic
, Answer:
-Endemic among animal populations
-Similar to an endemic in human populations
Question:
9. Epizootic
Answer:
-Epidemics among animal populations
-Goes above expected frequency
Question:
10. Pandemic
Answer:
-When the epidemic is generalized and involves different countries in a large population
Question:
11. Explain why epidemics occur.
Answer:
1. When susceptible individuals (not vaccinated or otherwise immune) travel into an endemic area where
the infectious disease exists
2. When a preexisting infection occurs in an area of low endemicity and reaches susceptible persons as a
result of new or unusual social, behavioral, sexual or cultural practices
3. When contamination of food, water, or other vehicles takes place by an agent not normally present
4. When host susceptibility and response are modified by natural or drug-induced immunosuppression
(cancer treatment), malnutrition or disease such as AIDS
5. Natural evolution of an infectious agent (usually a virus) to which humans have no immunity
Question:
12. Describe the four components of the epidemiologic triangle: agent, host, environment, time.
Answer:
-A model used to explain the etiology of infectious diseases
-Recognized four major factors in the pathogenesis of disease:
1. host
2. agent
3. environment
4. time
Question:
13. Infectious Disease Agent
Answer:
-Microorganism capable of producing an infectious disease
-Microbiology: the study of infectious disease agents
-Must be present for an infectious to occur
Question:
14. Host:
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
Question:
1. sporadic
Answer:
A disease that occurs infrequently and irregularly
Question:
2. Endemic:
Answer:
Continuous occurrence at and expected frequency over a certain period and in a certain geographical
location
Question:
3. Holoendemic:
Answer:
-Symptoms of disease do NOT appear equally across the age groups
-Implies one age groups is more affected by a disease than other groups
Question:
4. Hyperendemic
Answer:
Persistent, high levels of disease occurrence
Question:
5. Outbreak
Answer:
When the epidemic is restricted to a small geographic area or population
Question:
6. Epidemic
Answer:
The occurrence of a disease that is greater than the expected in a certain geographical regions
Question:
7. Zoonotic
Answer:
-Any disease of animals communicable to humans
-Ex: rabies & covid-19
Question:
8. Enzootic
, Answer:
-Endemic among animal populations
-Similar to an endemic in human populations
Question:
9. Epizootic
Answer:
-Epidemics among animal populations
-Goes above expected frequency
Question:
10. Pandemic
Answer:
-When the epidemic is generalized and involves different countries in a large population
Question:
11. Explain why epidemics occur.
Answer:
1. When susceptible individuals (not vaccinated or otherwise immune) travel into an endemic area where
the infectious disease exists
2. When a preexisting infection occurs in an area of low endemicity and reaches susceptible persons as a
result of new or unusual social, behavioral, sexual or cultural practices
3. When contamination of food, water, or other vehicles takes place by an agent not normally present
4. When host susceptibility and response are modified by natural or drug-induced immunosuppression
(cancer treatment), malnutrition or disease such as AIDS
5. Natural evolution of an infectious agent (usually a virus) to which humans have no immunity
Question:
12. Describe the four components of the epidemiologic triangle: agent, host, environment, time.
Answer:
-A model used to explain the etiology of infectious diseases
-Recognized four major factors in the pathogenesis of disease:
1. host
2. agent
3. environment
4. time
Question:
13. Infectious Disease Agent
Answer:
-Microorganism capable of producing an infectious disease
-Microbiology: the study of infectious disease agents
-Must be present for an infectious to occur
Question:
14. Host:
