PNH301 - TEST 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

PNH301 - TEST 2 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. What is high blood pressure?
Answer:
140/90 mmHg

Question:
2. Primary HTN
Answer:
elevated BP in the absence of underlying disease

Question:
3. Secondary HTN
Answer:
high BP due to underlying pathophysiology (disease/disorder)

Question:
4. Diseases/Disorders that Contribute to HTN
Answer:
- kidney disease
- endocrine disorders
- pregnancy
- medications (steroids, contraceptives)
- neurological disorders
- congenital aortic disorders (coarctation or narrowing)

Question:
5. Diagnosing Hypertension (identifying if there's an underlying cause)
Answer:
- urinalysis
- blood chemistry (K+, Na, blood urea, and creatinine)
- fasting blood glucose
- fasting total cholesterol
- 12 lead EKG

Question:
6. Complications of HTN

,Answer:
- coronary artery disease
- left ventricular hypertrophy
- heart failure
- cerebrovascular disease
- peripheral arterial disease
- nephrosclerosis
- retinal damage
- arterial vessels of lower extremities

Question:
7. Prevalence of HTN in specific groups
Answer:
- prevalence increases with age
- women with high BP have a greater risk for cardiovascular disease
- Indigenous people have a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease than non-indigenous people in
Canada
- more prevalent in older women than in older men

Question:
8. Secondary Symptom's of HTN
Answer:
- fatigue
- decreased activity tolerance
- palpitations
- angina
- dyspnea

Question:
9. Lifestyle Modifications (HTN)
Answer:
- nutrition
- weight reduction
- modification in alcohol consumption
- physical activity
- avoidance of tobacco products
- stress management

Question:
10. Goals of HTN Management
Answer:
- achieve and maintain target BP
- understand and implement therapeutic plan
- menial or no unpleasant adverse effects
- confidence of ability to manage and cope with condition

Question:
11. Age- Related Considerations (HTN)

, Answer:
- loss of tissue elasticity
- increased collagen content and stiffness of the myocardium
- increased peripheral vascular resistance
- decreased B-adrenergic receptor sensitivity
- blunting of baroreceptor reflexes
- decreased kidney function
- decreased renin response to sodium and water depletion

Question:
12. What is a hypertensive crisis?
Answer:
- severe abrupt increases in DBP (defined as >120-130 mmHg)
- rate of increase in BP is more important than the absolute value
- often occurs in patients with a hisotry of HTN who have failed to adhere to their medication regimen or
who have been under medicated (180/120)

Question:
13. Hypertensive Crisis: Clinical Manifestations
Answer:
- encephaopathy, cerebral hemorrhage
- acute renal failure
- MI
- acute left ventricular failure with pulmonary edema
- dissecting aortic aneurysm

Question:
14. Management of Hypertensive Crisis
Answer:
- IV
- Monitor cardiac/renal function
- ongoing regular assessment
- neurological checks
- determine cause
- education

Question:
15. The nurse providing dietary instructions to a patient with hypertension would advise cutting down on
the intake of which foods? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
A. Canned vegetables
B. Red meat
C. Baked chicken
D. Canned fruit
E. Processed cheeses
Answer:
A. Canned vegetables
B. Red meat
E. Processed cheeses