HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM 160 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY

HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
An initial disturbance in a system sets off a chain of events that does not favor stability and
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often abruptly displaces a system from its steady state: what is that?
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a. Positive Feedback
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b. Negative Feedback
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c. Disease
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d. Homeostasis - ANS>>a. positive feedback
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What organ shrinks with age?
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a. Prostate
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b. Gums
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c. Heart
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d. All of the above - ANS>>b. gums
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Which of the following is true?
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a. An infant will have a slower heart rate than an adult
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b. The elderly have better temperature sensations
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c. There are more sweat glands in an elderly person
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d. There is less thirst perception in the elderly - ANS>>d. there is less thirst perception in the
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elderly
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Which of the following is true?
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a. Women snore more than men
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b. Men have higher calcium levels
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c. Women have a lower hemoglobin than men
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d. Men have a lower creatinine level than women - ANS>>c. Women have a lower hemoglobin
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than men
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,HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
An increase in normal adaptive response to the decreased availability of oxygen at high
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altitude is termed which?
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a. Circadian
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b. Acclimatization
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c. Population
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d. Diurnal - ANS>>b. Acclimatization
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What does it mean when the cause of the disease is unwanted medical treatment?
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a. Idiopathic
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b. Ecogenetic
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c. Genotypical
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d. Iatrogenic - ANS>>d. Iatrogenic
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Which term is used for the first two months of life?
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a. Infancy
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b. Childhood
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c. Prenatal
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d. Neonatal - ANS>>d. Neonatal
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Which is an objectively identifiable aberration of the disease?
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a. Symptom
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b. Syndrome
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c. Stage
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d. Sign - ANS>>d. Sign
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Which of the following is true regarding catecholamines?
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,HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
a. They are from the parasympathetic nervous system
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b. They cross the blood brain barrier
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c. They include epinephrine and norepinephrine
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d. They cause of decrease in heart rate - ANS>>c. They include epinephrine and
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norepinephrine
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Which of the following is a true statement?
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a. Antidiuretic hormone is not important for blood volume regulation
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b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting in a decrease in pain perception
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c. Epinephrine and cortisol act very differently
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d. Cortisol negates epinephrine's activity - ANS>>b. Endorphins increase with stress, resulting
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in a decrease in pain perception
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By what mechanism do lipid molecules cross cell membranes?
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a. They use channel proteins as a membrane transport system
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b. They are transported across the plasma membrane by endocytosis and exocytosis
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c. They use voltage-gated ion channels
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d. They cross by diffusion - ANS>>d. They cross by diffusion
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Which of the following metabolic processes is a component of anabolic metabolism?
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a. Protein synthesis
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b. Glycolysis
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c. Citric acid cycle
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d. Oxidative phosphorylation - ANS>>a. Protein synthesis
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Which of the following electrochemical mechanism is responsible for maintaining cell volume?
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, HESI RN ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
a. The calcium pump
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b. Glucose transporters
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c. The sodium-potassium pump
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d. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters - ANS>>c. The sodium-potassium pump
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Cellular hypoxia results in: cc cc cc




a. Enhanced ATP activity
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b. Loss of intracellular calcium
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c. Increased pH
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d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump - ANS>>d. Failure of the sodium-potassium pump
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A 75 yo woman develops weakness in her lower extremities after a prolonged period of bed
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rest. This is most likely caused by:
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a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
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b. Dysplasia of her leg muscles
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c. Hypertrophy of her leg muscles
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d. Hyperplasia of her leg muscles - ANS>>a. Atrophy of her leg muscles
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Which of the following types of cellular adaption is most likely to occur from chronic ischemia?
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a. Hypertrophy
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b. Metaplasia
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c. Atrophy
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d. Hyperplasia - ANS>>c. Atrophy
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What is the mechanism of cellular injury that occurs when deep sea divers get 'the bends'?
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a. Free radicals form abnormal chemical bonds which destroy the cellular membranes
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