MILADY ESTHETICS STANDARD EXAMS ANSWERS
AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Central Nervous System - ✔✔Cerebrospinal nervous system; consists of the brain,
spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves.
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔Lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brain stem;
this term is Latin for "Little Brain".
✔✔Cerebrum - ✔✔Makes up the bulk of the brain and is located in the front upper part
of the cranium.
✔✔Cervical Nerves - ✔✔Nerves that originate at the spinal cord, whose branches
supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck; affect the side of the
neck and platysma muscle.
✔✔Cervical Cutaneous Nerve - ✔✔Nerve located at the side of the neck that affects the
front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone.
✔✔Cervical Vertebrae - ✔✔The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column,
located in the neck region.
✔✔Circulatory System - ✔✔Also known as the cardiovascular system; system that
controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and
blood vessels.
✔✔Clavicle - ✔✔Bone joining the sternum and scapula
✔✔Common Carotid Arteries - ✔✔Arteries that supply blood to the face, head, and neck
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Fibrous tissue hat binds together, protects, and supports the
various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Examples of this tissue
are bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph and fat.
,✔✔Corrugator Muscle - ✔✔Facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the
forehead vertically.
✔✔Cranium - ✔✔Oval, bony case that protects the brain.
✔✔Cytoplasm - ✔✔All the protoplasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus; the
watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-
repair
✔✔Defacation - ✔✔Elimination of foods from the body
✔✔Deltoid - ✔✔Large, triangle muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to
extend outward and to the side of the body.
✔✔Dendrites - ✔✔Tree-like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell; short
nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other
neurons.
✔✔Deoxyribonucleic Acid - ✔✔Abbreviated DNA; the blueprint material of genetic
information; contains all information that controls the function of every living cell.
✔✔Depressor Anguli Oris - ✔✔Also known as triangular is muscle; muscle extending
alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth.
✔✔Depressor Labii Inferioris - ✔✔Muscle surrounding the lower lip that depresses the
lower lip and draws it to one side
✔✔Diaphragm - ✔✔Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region
and helps control breathing
✔✔Diencephalon - ✔✔Located in the uppermost part of the midbrain had has 2 main
parts, Thalamus and Hypothalamus
✔✔Digestion - ✔✔Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means
✔✔Digestive Enzymes - ✔✔Chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that
can be used by the body
✔✔Digestive system - ✔✔Responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes;
consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs
✔✔Digital Nerve - ✔✔Sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies impulses to
the fingers.
,✔✔Eleventh cranial nerve - ✔✔A motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and
shoulder muscles
✔✔Endocrine glands - ✔✔Releases secretions called hormones directly into the
bloodstream which in turn influence the welfare of the entire body.
✔✔Endocrine system - ✔✔Group of specialized glands that affect the growth
development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body.
✔✔Epicranial aponeurosis - ✔✔Tendon connecting the occipitalis and the frontalis
✔✔Epicranius - ✔✔The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull consists of the
occipitalis and frontalis.
✔✔Epithelial tissue - ✔✔Protective covering on body surfaces, such as skin, mucous
membranes and the lining of the heart; digestive and respiratory organs, and glands
✔✔Ethmoid bone - ✔✔Light, spongy bone between the eye sockets that form part of
the nasal cavities
✔✔Acid Mantle - ✔✔Protective barrier of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin
✔✔Acid-Alkali Neutralization Reactions - ✔✔When an acid is mixed with an alkali in
equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water (H20) and a salt.
✔✔Acids - ✔✔Substances that have a pH below 7.0, taste sour, and turn litmus paper
Fromm blue to red.
✔✔Air - ✔✔The gaseous mixture that makes up the earth's atmosphere. It is odorless,
colorless, and generally consists of about 1 part oxygen and 4 parts nitrogen by volume.
✔✔Alkalis - ✔✔Also known as bases; compounds that react with acids to form salts;
have a pH above 7.0 (neutral), taste bitter, and turn litmus paper from red to blue.
✔✔Anion - ✔✔An ion with a negative electrical charge
✔✔Antioxidants - ✔✔Used to stabilize skin care products by preventing oxidation that
would otherwise cause a product to turn rancid and decompose. They are vitamins such
as A, C, and E, which can be applied topically in products or taken internally to increase
healthy body functions.
✔✔Atoms - ✔✔The smallest chemical components (often called particles) of an element
that still retains the properties of that element.
, ✔✔Cation - ✔✔Ion with a positive electrical charge
✔✔Chemical Change - ✔✔Change in chemical properties of a substance that is the
result of a chemical reaction in which a new substance or substances are formed to
have properties different from the original.
✔✔Active Electrode - ✔✔Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area
to be treated.
✔✔Alternating current - ✔✔A rapid and uninterrupted current, flowing first in one
direction and then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and
changes directions 60 times per second
✔✔Ampere - ✔✔Abbreviated A; unit that measures the strength of an electric current
(quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor).
✔✔Anaphoerosis - ✔✔Process off infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the
tissues from the negative pole towards the positive pole
✔✔Anode - ✔✔Positive electrode; it is usually red and denoted with a P or a plus (+)
sign.
✔✔Blue light - ✔✔A light-emitting diode for the use on clients with acne.
✔✔Cataphoresis - ✔✔Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues
using galvanic current from the positive pole towards the negative pole; tightens and
calms the skin.
✔✔Cathode - ✔✔Negative electrode; the cathode is usually black and is marked with a
N nor minus (-) sign.
✔✔Chromophore - ✔✔A color component of the skin found at different depths, such as
blood or melanin.
✔✔Circuit Breaker - ✔✔Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric
circuit at the first indication of overload.
✔✔Complete Electric Circuit - ✔✔The path of electric currents moving from the
generating source through conductors and back to the generating source.
✔✔Adenosine triphosphate - ✔✔The substance that provides energy to cells and
converts cells and oxygen to carbon dioxide, a waste product we breathe out.
✔✔Amino Acid - ✔✔Organic acids that form the building blocks of protein.
AND QUESTIONS SET A+
✔✔Central Nervous System - ✔✔Cerebrospinal nervous system; consists of the brain,
spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves.
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔Lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brain stem;
this term is Latin for "Little Brain".
✔✔Cerebrum - ✔✔Makes up the bulk of the brain and is located in the front upper part
of the cranium.
✔✔Cervical Nerves - ✔✔Nerves that originate at the spinal cord, whose branches
supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck; affect the side of the
neck and platysma muscle.
✔✔Cervical Cutaneous Nerve - ✔✔Nerve located at the side of the neck that affects the
front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone.
✔✔Cervical Vertebrae - ✔✔The seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column,
located in the neck region.
✔✔Circulatory System - ✔✔Also known as the cardiovascular system; system that
controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and
blood vessels.
✔✔Clavicle - ✔✔Bone joining the sternum and scapula
✔✔Common Carotid Arteries - ✔✔Arteries that supply blood to the face, head, and neck
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Fibrous tissue hat binds together, protects, and supports the
various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Examples of this tissue
are bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph and fat.
,✔✔Corrugator Muscle - ✔✔Facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the
forehead vertically.
✔✔Cranium - ✔✔Oval, bony case that protects the brain.
✔✔Cytoplasm - ✔✔All the protoplasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus; the
watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-
repair
✔✔Defacation - ✔✔Elimination of foods from the body
✔✔Deltoid - ✔✔Large, triangle muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to
extend outward and to the side of the body.
✔✔Dendrites - ✔✔Tree-like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell; short
nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other
neurons.
✔✔Deoxyribonucleic Acid - ✔✔Abbreviated DNA; the blueprint material of genetic
information; contains all information that controls the function of every living cell.
✔✔Depressor Anguli Oris - ✔✔Also known as triangular is muscle; muscle extending
alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth.
✔✔Depressor Labii Inferioris - ✔✔Muscle surrounding the lower lip that depresses the
lower lip and draws it to one side
✔✔Diaphragm - ✔✔Muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region
and helps control breathing
✔✔Diencephalon - ✔✔Located in the uppermost part of the midbrain had has 2 main
parts, Thalamus and Hypothalamus
✔✔Digestion - ✔✔Breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means
✔✔Digestive Enzymes - ✔✔Chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that
can be used by the body
✔✔Digestive system - ✔✔Responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes;
consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs
✔✔Digital Nerve - ✔✔Sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies impulses to
the fingers.
,✔✔Eleventh cranial nerve - ✔✔A motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and
shoulder muscles
✔✔Endocrine glands - ✔✔Releases secretions called hormones directly into the
bloodstream which in turn influence the welfare of the entire body.
✔✔Endocrine system - ✔✔Group of specialized glands that affect the growth
development, sexual activities, and health of the entire body.
✔✔Epicranial aponeurosis - ✔✔Tendon connecting the occipitalis and the frontalis
✔✔Epicranius - ✔✔The broad muscle that covers the top of the skull consists of the
occipitalis and frontalis.
✔✔Epithelial tissue - ✔✔Protective covering on body surfaces, such as skin, mucous
membranes and the lining of the heart; digestive and respiratory organs, and glands
✔✔Ethmoid bone - ✔✔Light, spongy bone between the eye sockets that form part of
the nasal cavities
✔✔Acid Mantle - ✔✔Protective barrier of lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin
✔✔Acid-Alkali Neutralization Reactions - ✔✔When an acid is mixed with an alkali in
equal proportions to neutralize each other and form water (H20) and a salt.
✔✔Acids - ✔✔Substances that have a pH below 7.0, taste sour, and turn litmus paper
Fromm blue to red.
✔✔Air - ✔✔The gaseous mixture that makes up the earth's atmosphere. It is odorless,
colorless, and generally consists of about 1 part oxygen and 4 parts nitrogen by volume.
✔✔Alkalis - ✔✔Also known as bases; compounds that react with acids to form salts;
have a pH above 7.0 (neutral), taste bitter, and turn litmus paper from red to blue.
✔✔Anion - ✔✔An ion with a negative electrical charge
✔✔Antioxidants - ✔✔Used to stabilize skin care products by preventing oxidation that
would otherwise cause a product to turn rancid and decompose. They are vitamins such
as A, C, and E, which can be applied topically in products or taken internally to increase
healthy body functions.
✔✔Atoms - ✔✔The smallest chemical components (often called particles) of an element
that still retains the properties of that element.
, ✔✔Cation - ✔✔Ion with a positive electrical charge
✔✔Chemical Change - ✔✔Change in chemical properties of a substance that is the
result of a chemical reaction in which a new substance or substances are formed to
have properties different from the original.
✔✔Active Electrode - ✔✔Electrode of an electrotherapy device that is used on the area
to be treated.
✔✔Alternating current - ✔✔A rapid and uninterrupted current, flowing first in one
direction and then in the opposite direction; produced by mechanical means and
changes directions 60 times per second
✔✔Ampere - ✔✔Abbreviated A; unit that measures the strength of an electric current
(quantity of electrons flowing through a conductor).
✔✔Anaphoerosis - ✔✔Process off infusing an alkaline (negative) product into the
tissues from the negative pole towards the positive pole
✔✔Anode - ✔✔Positive electrode; it is usually red and denoted with a P or a plus (+)
sign.
✔✔Blue light - ✔✔A light-emitting diode for the use on clients with acne.
✔✔Cataphoresis - ✔✔Process of forcing an acidic (positive) product into deeper tissues
using galvanic current from the positive pole towards the negative pole; tightens and
calms the skin.
✔✔Cathode - ✔✔Negative electrode; the cathode is usually black and is marked with a
N nor minus (-) sign.
✔✔Chromophore - ✔✔A color component of the skin found at different depths, such as
blood or melanin.
✔✔Circuit Breaker - ✔✔Switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric
circuit at the first indication of overload.
✔✔Complete Electric Circuit - ✔✔The path of electric currents moving from the
generating source through conductors and back to the generating source.
✔✔Adenosine triphosphate - ✔✔The substance that provides energy to cells and
converts cells and oxygen to carbon dioxide, a waste product we breathe out.
✔✔Amino Acid - ✔✔Organic acids that form the building blocks of protein.
