NURS 151 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST
NURS 151 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
The nurse is caring for a male client admitted with a diagnosis of seizure disorder. The nurse enters the
room and finds the client actively seizing. What is the PRIORITY assessment at this time? - ANS ✔✔Type
and progression of seizure activity
A 78 year old male had a total left hip replacement and returned to the PACU at 1415. What would be
the initial assessment? - ANS ✔✔Circulation of the lungs
The nurse is caring for a male client who is 9 days post kidney transplant. Understanding the client is in
the period when acute rejection is likely, the nurse would monitor for: - ANS ✔✔fever
client with osteoarthritis is experiencing difficulty with mobility. In planning care, which of the following
measures would be BEST to safeguard the client? - ANS ✔✔remove excess furniture
female with a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis asks the nurse if this will cause cervical cancer. The nurse
educates the wound woman that the organism associated with 90% of cervical malignancies is: - ANS
✔✔HPV
Vaccines for HPV - ANS ✔✔Gardasil and Cervarix
HPV vaccines must be given between the ages of - ANS ✔✔11-26
pH 7.31; PaCO2 50; HCO3 24 - ANS ✔✔respiratory acidosis
Treatments for Respiratory acidosis - ANS ✔✔oxygen, lung sounds, sitting up,
A adult client has AKI and must undergo hemodialysis. Of the following medications, which one should
the nurse withhold? - ANS ✔✔Hydralazine (vasodilator)
The nurse is caring for a client post op after an ileostomy. The ileostomy is draining large amounts of
liquid brown stool. The nurse understands the client is most at risk for developing which acid-base
disorder? - ANS ✔✔metabolic acidosis
The nurse plans care for a client with a diagnosis of pneumonia. The nurse understands that the client is
most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance? - ANS ✔✔respiratory acidosis
the nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of anxiety disorder. For which of the following
acid-base imbalances should the nurse watch for? - ANS ✔✔respiratory alkalosis
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - ANS ✔✔hyperventilation, CNS lesions, fever
Treatment for anxiety - ANS ✔✔calm patient, deep breathing,
, Client with a long bone fracture is at an increased risk for a fat embolism. Which of the following is LEAST
likely to be seen? - ANS ✔✔Bradycardia
signs of fat embolism - ANS ✔✔respiratory distress, tachycardia, fever, confusion, decreased level of
consciousness, petechiae
The client admitted with a bowel obstruction has been ordered an NG to be placed. The nurse
understands which of the following as a proper way to measure for NG placement - ANS ✔✔measure
from the tip of the client's nose to earlobe and from earlobe to the xiphoid process
Nephritis - ANS ✔✔inflammation of the kidneys
Clinical manifestations of nephritis - ANS ✔✔flank pain, abd pain, fever, fatigue, + hematuria,
hypertension, edema,
Diagnostic tests for nephritis - ANS ✔✔throat/skin cultures, ESR, BUN, serum creatinine, serum
electrolytes, urinalysis, antistreptolysin titer
Pharmacologic therapies for nephritis - ANS ✔✔antibiotics, corticosteroids, sodium-restriction (edema),
diuretic, antihypertensives, fluid-restriction, protein restriction
Prerenal Injury - ANS ✔✔injury BEFORE the kidney
Signs of kidney failure - ANS ✔✔low urinary output, medications (NSAIDs, antibiotics, contrast dye),
azotemia (increase level of atroginist wastes
Non-oliguric AKI - ANS ✔✔Pt is still putting out an adequate amount of urine, elevated BUN/creatinine
Onset Olguric Phase - ANS ✔✔precipitating factors - vomiting, diarrhea,
Oliguric Phase of AKI - ANS ✔✔48 hrs after precipitating event - <400 cc of urine output, fluid retention,
uremia, azotemia, elevated BUN/creatinine/Mg/Ph/K
Sodium lab value - ANS ✔✔136-145
Potassium lab value - ANS ✔✔3.5-5
Diuretic Phase of AKI - ANS ✔✔kidney loses ability to concentrate urine; polyuria, hypovolemia,
BUN/creatinine stop rising
Calcium lab value - ANS ✔✔9.0-10.5
magnesium lab value - ANS ✔✔1.9-2.7
Ph lab values - ANS ✔✔3.0-4.5
chloride lab values - ANS ✔✔98-106
NURS 151 STUDY GUIDE & PRACTICE TEST 2026/2027
The nurse is caring for a male client admitted with a diagnosis of seizure disorder. The nurse enters the
room and finds the client actively seizing. What is the PRIORITY assessment at this time? - ANS ✔✔Type
and progression of seizure activity
A 78 year old male had a total left hip replacement and returned to the PACU at 1415. What would be
the initial assessment? - ANS ✔✔Circulation of the lungs
The nurse is caring for a male client who is 9 days post kidney transplant. Understanding the client is in
the period when acute rejection is likely, the nurse would monitor for: - ANS ✔✔fever
client with osteoarthritis is experiencing difficulty with mobility. In planning care, which of the following
measures would be BEST to safeguard the client? - ANS ✔✔remove excess furniture
female with a diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis asks the nurse if this will cause cervical cancer. The nurse
educates the wound woman that the organism associated with 90% of cervical malignancies is: - ANS
✔✔HPV
Vaccines for HPV - ANS ✔✔Gardasil and Cervarix
HPV vaccines must be given between the ages of - ANS ✔✔11-26
pH 7.31; PaCO2 50; HCO3 24 - ANS ✔✔respiratory acidosis
Treatments for Respiratory acidosis - ANS ✔✔oxygen, lung sounds, sitting up,
A adult client has AKI and must undergo hemodialysis. Of the following medications, which one should
the nurse withhold? - ANS ✔✔Hydralazine (vasodilator)
The nurse is caring for a client post op after an ileostomy. The ileostomy is draining large amounts of
liquid brown stool. The nurse understands the client is most at risk for developing which acid-base
disorder? - ANS ✔✔metabolic acidosis
The nurse plans care for a client with a diagnosis of pneumonia. The nurse understands that the client is
most likely to experience what type of acid-base imbalance? - ANS ✔✔respiratory acidosis
the nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of anxiety disorder. For which of the following
acid-base imbalances should the nurse watch for? - ANS ✔✔respiratory alkalosis
Causes of respiratory alkalosis - ANS ✔✔hyperventilation, CNS lesions, fever
Treatment for anxiety - ANS ✔✔calm patient, deep breathing,
, Client with a long bone fracture is at an increased risk for a fat embolism. Which of the following is LEAST
likely to be seen? - ANS ✔✔Bradycardia
signs of fat embolism - ANS ✔✔respiratory distress, tachycardia, fever, confusion, decreased level of
consciousness, petechiae
The client admitted with a bowel obstruction has been ordered an NG to be placed. The nurse
understands which of the following as a proper way to measure for NG placement - ANS ✔✔measure
from the tip of the client's nose to earlobe and from earlobe to the xiphoid process
Nephritis - ANS ✔✔inflammation of the kidneys
Clinical manifestations of nephritis - ANS ✔✔flank pain, abd pain, fever, fatigue, + hematuria,
hypertension, edema,
Diagnostic tests for nephritis - ANS ✔✔throat/skin cultures, ESR, BUN, serum creatinine, serum
electrolytes, urinalysis, antistreptolysin titer
Pharmacologic therapies for nephritis - ANS ✔✔antibiotics, corticosteroids, sodium-restriction (edema),
diuretic, antihypertensives, fluid-restriction, protein restriction
Prerenal Injury - ANS ✔✔injury BEFORE the kidney
Signs of kidney failure - ANS ✔✔low urinary output, medications (NSAIDs, antibiotics, contrast dye),
azotemia (increase level of atroginist wastes
Non-oliguric AKI - ANS ✔✔Pt is still putting out an adequate amount of urine, elevated BUN/creatinine
Onset Olguric Phase - ANS ✔✔precipitating factors - vomiting, diarrhea,
Oliguric Phase of AKI - ANS ✔✔48 hrs after precipitating event - <400 cc of urine output, fluid retention,
uremia, azotemia, elevated BUN/creatinine/Mg/Ph/K
Sodium lab value - ANS ✔✔136-145
Potassium lab value - ANS ✔✔3.5-5
Diuretic Phase of AKI - ANS ✔✔kidney loses ability to concentrate urine; polyuria, hypovolemia,
BUN/creatinine stop rising
Calcium lab value - ANS ✔✔9.0-10.5
magnesium lab value - ANS ✔✔1.9-2.7
Ph lab values - ANS ✔✔3.0-4.5
chloride lab values - ANS ✔✔98-106
