NURS 5461 FLUID REPLACEMENT 2026/2027 | HIGH-YIELD
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS | COMPLETE NURSING REVIEW |
MOST TESTED CONCEPTS | LATEST UPDATE
1. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe hypovolemia due
to hemorrhage, which type of IV fluid would be most appropriate to
administer and why?
Crystalloids, because they are less expensive and more readily
available.
Colloids, because they provide essential nutrients for recovery.
Crystalloids, because they are better for maintaining electrolyte
balance.
Colloids, because they effectively expand intravascular volume and
help restore blood pressure.
2. In a clinical scenario, a patient presents with severe dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance due to prolonged vomiting. Which fluid replacement
strategy would be most appropriate, and why?
Administer Lactated Ringer's solution to restore hydration and
electrolyte balance.
Use normal saline to increase blood pressure without addressing
electrolyte needs.
Provide oral rehydration solutions only, as IV fluids are unnecessary.
Use dextrose solutions to provide energy without considering
electrolyte balance.
3. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe
hypoalbuminemia, what would be the most appropriate intervention
regarding IV fluid therapy?
Increase the infusion rate of crystalloids.
, Limit fluid intake to prevent overload.
Use colloids other than Albumin.
Administer Albumin to restore oncotic pressure.
4. What is the standard fluid replacement ratio for crystalloids in cases of
volume deficit?
2:1
4:1
1:1
3:1
5. Describe the physiological principles that justify the use of Lactated Ringer's
solution in fluid replacement therapy.
Lactated Ringer's solution is effective in treating infections due to its
antimicrobial properties.
Lactated Ringer's solution is used to increase blood pressure by
expanding blood volume.
Lactated Ringer's solution helps restore electrolyte balance and
provides hydration, which is essential for maintaining physiological
functions.
Lactated Ringer's solution is primarily used for its protein content to
support tissue repair.
6. Describe the potential side effects associated with the use of Hetastarch in
clinical settings.
Potential side effects include allergic reactions, renal impairment,
and coagulopathy.
, Potential side effects are primarily related to electrolyte imbalances.
Potential side effects include only mild headaches.
Potential side effects are limited to gastrointestinal discomfort.
7. A patient with hypernatremia would benefit from which of the following
solutions
0.45%NS
3%NS
0.9%NS
D50W
8. What is the standard formula used to calculate the baseline fluid
requirements for adults?
The 3-2-1 rule
The 4-2-1 rule
The 6-4-2 rule
The 5-3-2 rule
9. A patient with a history of cerebral edema is admitted to the hospital. Which
fluid would be inappropriate to administer to this patient and why?
Normal saline, because it is hypotonic.
Dextrose 5% in water, because it is isotonic.
Lactated Ringer's solution, because it is hypertonic.
0.45% NS, because it can worsen cerebral edema.
, 10. What is the primary use of 0.9% Normal Saline in fluid replacement therapy?
To provide nutritional support.
To restore fluid and electrolyte balance.
To deliver medications.
To promote wound healing.
11. The total body water of an average adult is approximately:
45%
60%
80%
75%
12. Albumin is clinically used to achieve what?
to treat hemophilia
to treat IgG deficiencies
to restore fluid balance/distribution
to prevent thrombosis
13. What is one caution associated with the use of dextrose solutions in fluid
replacement?
They can cause electrolyte imbalances.
They are contraindicated in elderly patients.
They can result in fluid overload.
They can lead to hyperglycemia.
QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS | COMPLETE NURSING REVIEW |
MOST TESTED CONCEPTS | LATEST UPDATE
1. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe hypovolemia due
to hemorrhage, which type of IV fluid would be most appropriate to
administer and why?
Crystalloids, because they are less expensive and more readily
available.
Colloids, because they provide essential nutrients for recovery.
Crystalloids, because they are better for maintaining electrolyte
balance.
Colloids, because they effectively expand intravascular volume and
help restore blood pressure.
2. In a clinical scenario, a patient presents with severe dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance due to prolonged vomiting. Which fluid replacement
strategy would be most appropriate, and why?
Administer Lactated Ringer's solution to restore hydration and
electrolyte balance.
Use normal saline to increase blood pressure without addressing
electrolyte needs.
Provide oral rehydration solutions only, as IV fluids are unnecessary.
Use dextrose solutions to provide energy without considering
electrolyte balance.
3. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe
hypoalbuminemia, what would be the most appropriate intervention
regarding IV fluid therapy?
Increase the infusion rate of crystalloids.
, Limit fluid intake to prevent overload.
Use colloids other than Albumin.
Administer Albumin to restore oncotic pressure.
4. What is the standard fluid replacement ratio for crystalloids in cases of
volume deficit?
2:1
4:1
1:1
3:1
5. Describe the physiological principles that justify the use of Lactated Ringer's
solution in fluid replacement therapy.
Lactated Ringer's solution is effective in treating infections due to its
antimicrobial properties.
Lactated Ringer's solution is used to increase blood pressure by
expanding blood volume.
Lactated Ringer's solution helps restore electrolyte balance and
provides hydration, which is essential for maintaining physiological
functions.
Lactated Ringer's solution is primarily used for its protein content to
support tissue repair.
6. Describe the potential side effects associated with the use of Hetastarch in
clinical settings.
Potential side effects include allergic reactions, renal impairment,
and coagulopathy.
, Potential side effects are primarily related to electrolyte imbalances.
Potential side effects include only mild headaches.
Potential side effects are limited to gastrointestinal discomfort.
7. A patient with hypernatremia would benefit from which of the following
solutions
0.45%NS
3%NS
0.9%NS
D50W
8. What is the standard formula used to calculate the baseline fluid
requirements for adults?
The 3-2-1 rule
The 4-2-1 rule
The 6-4-2 rule
The 5-3-2 rule
9. A patient with a history of cerebral edema is admitted to the hospital. Which
fluid would be inappropriate to administer to this patient and why?
Normal saline, because it is hypotonic.
Dextrose 5% in water, because it is isotonic.
Lactated Ringer's solution, because it is hypertonic.
0.45% NS, because it can worsen cerebral edema.
, 10. What is the primary use of 0.9% Normal Saline in fluid replacement therapy?
To provide nutritional support.
To restore fluid and electrolyte balance.
To deliver medications.
To promote wound healing.
11. The total body water of an average adult is approximately:
45%
60%
80%
75%
12. Albumin is clinically used to achieve what?
to treat hemophilia
to treat IgG deficiencies
to restore fluid balance/distribution
to prevent thrombosis
13. What is one caution associated with the use of dextrose solutions in fluid
replacement?
They can cause electrolyte imbalances.
They are contraindicated in elderly patients.
They can result in fluid overload.
They can lead to hyperglycemia.
