NUR 155
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
NUR 155 Exam 4: Foundations of Nursing
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing Foundations & Med-Surg Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NUR 155 Exam 4 Foundations of Nursing D | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NUR 155 Exam 4 Foundations of Nursing D | 2026/2027
Question 1
During the preoperative phase, a patient mentions a family history of Malignant Hyperthermia. Which physiological
response is the nurse most concerned about during anesthesia?
A. A sudden drop in core body temperature.
B. Profound hypotension and bradycardia.
C. Massive calcium release leading to muscle rigidity and hypermetabolism.
D. Respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation.
Answer: C
Rationale
Malignant Hyperthermia is a life-threatening genetic condition triggered by volatile anesthetics, causing a massive release of
calcium in muscle cells, leading to rigidity, high fever, and metabolic acidosis.
Question 2
A patient who underwent abdominal surgery four days ago reports a ‘popping’ sensation after coughing. The nurse
observes the wound and sees internal organs protruding. What is the priority action?
A. Apply a tight abdominal binder to secure the organs.
B. Cover the area with sterile dressings soaked in sterile normal saline.
C. Irrigate the wound with hydrogen peroxide.
D. Attempt to push the organs back into the abdominal cavity.
Answer: B
Rationale
Evisceration is a medical emergency. The priority is to protect the exposed organs by keeping them moist with sterile
saline-soaked dressings while notifying the surgeon immediately. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical
decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary
process and anticipated complications.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a patient with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which cardiac monitor finding is most consistent
with this electrolyte imbalance?
A. Peaked T-waves.
B. Presence of U-waves.
C. Widened QRS complex.
D. Shortened QT interval.
Answer: B
Rationale
Hypokalemia (low potassium) typically manifests on an ECG as flat or inverted T-waves and the presence of prominent
U-waves. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common
misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated complications.
Page 3
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING
NUR 155 Exam 4: Foundations of Nursing
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing Foundations & Med-Surg Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NUR 155 Exam 4 Foundations of Nursing D | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NUR 155 Exam 4 Foundations of Nursing D | 2026/2027
Question 1
During the preoperative phase, a patient mentions a family history of Malignant Hyperthermia. Which physiological
response is the nurse most concerned about during anesthesia?
A. A sudden drop in core body temperature.
B. Profound hypotension and bradycardia.
C. Massive calcium release leading to muscle rigidity and hypermetabolism.
D. Respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation.
Answer: C
Rationale
Malignant Hyperthermia is a life-threatening genetic condition triggered by volatile anesthetics, causing a massive release of
calcium in muscle cells, leading to rigidity, high fever, and metabolic acidosis.
Question 2
A patient who underwent abdominal surgery four days ago reports a ‘popping’ sensation after coughing. The nurse
observes the wound and sees internal organs protruding. What is the priority action?
A. Apply a tight abdominal binder to secure the organs.
B. Cover the area with sterile dressings soaked in sterile normal saline.
C. Irrigate the wound with hydrogen peroxide.
D. Attempt to push the organs back into the abdominal cavity.
Answer: B
Rationale
Evisceration is a medical emergency. The priority is to protect the exposed organs by keeping them moist with sterile
saline-soaked dressings while notifying the surgeon immediately. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical
decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary
process and anticipated complications.
Question 3
A nurse is assessing a patient with a potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L. Which cardiac monitor finding is most consistent
with this electrolyte imbalance?
A. Peaked T-waves.
B. Presence of U-waves.
C. Widened QRS complex.
D. Shortened QT interval.
Answer: B
Rationale
Hypokalemia (low potassium) typically manifests on an ECG as flat or inverted T-waves and the presence of prominent
U-waves. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common
misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated complications.
Page 3
