PALS 2027 Questions and
Correct Answers
Which pulses should be assessed to monitor systemic perfusion in a child?
Answer- peripheral and central
What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of an unresponsive infant or
child do? (in order)
Answer- 1. verify scene safety
2. check for responsiveness
3. shout for help
4. activate the emergency response system
Why may excessive ventilation during CPR be harmful?
Answer- - it increases intrathoracic pressure
- it impedes venous return
,If you cannot achieve effective ventilation (ie, the chest does not rise), do the
following:
Answer- - reposition/reopen the airway (sniffing position)
- verify mask size and ensure a tight face-mask seal
- suction the airway if needed
- check the O2 source
- check the ventilation bag and mask
- treat gastric inflation (NG/OG)
- consider 2-person bag-mask ventilation and inserting an OPA
Ventilation rate
Answer- 1 breath every 2-3 seconds delivered over 1 second (20-30 breaths
per minute)
Early signs of tissue hypoxia
Answer- - tachypnea
, - increased respiratory effort (nasal flaring, retractions)
- tachycardia
- pallor, mottling, cyanosis
- agitation, anxiety, irritability
Late signs of tissue hypoxia
Answer- - bradypnea, inadequate respiratory effort, apnea
- increased respiratory effort (head bobbing, seesaw respirations, grunting)
- bradycardia
- pallor, mottling, cyanosis
- decreased level of consciousness
What is the role of the diaphragm during normal breathing in infants?
Answer- pulls the ribs slightly inward
S/S mild respiratory distress
Answer- - mild tachypnea
Correct Answers
Which pulses should be assessed to monitor systemic perfusion in a child?
Answer- peripheral and central
What should the first rescuer arriving on the scene of an unresponsive infant or
child do? (in order)
Answer- 1. verify scene safety
2. check for responsiveness
3. shout for help
4. activate the emergency response system
Why may excessive ventilation during CPR be harmful?
Answer- - it increases intrathoracic pressure
- it impedes venous return
,If you cannot achieve effective ventilation (ie, the chest does not rise), do the
following:
Answer- - reposition/reopen the airway (sniffing position)
- verify mask size and ensure a tight face-mask seal
- suction the airway if needed
- check the O2 source
- check the ventilation bag and mask
- treat gastric inflation (NG/OG)
- consider 2-person bag-mask ventilation and inserting an OPA
Ventilation rate
Answer- 1 breath every 2-3 seconds delivered over 1 second (20-30 breaths
per minute)
Early signs of tissue hypoxia
Answer- - tachypnea
, - increased respiratory effort (nasal flaring, retractions)
- tachycardia
- pallor, mottling, cyanosis
- agitation, anxiety, irritability
Late signs of tissue hypoxia
Answer- - bradypnea, inadequate respiratory effort, apnea
- increased respiratory effort (head bobbing, seesaw respirations, grunting)
- bradycardia
- pallor, mottling, cyanosis
- decreased level of consciousness
What is the role of the diaphragm during normal breathing in infants?
Answer- pulls the ribs slightly inward
S/S mild respiratory distress
Answer- - mild tachypnea
