PANCE - PREP PEARLS STUDY GUIDE WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION!!
systolic "ejection" crescendo-decrescendo harsh murmur at RUSB that radiates to
carotids
Answer - aortic stenosis
harsh diastolic rumble murmur at apex (low) in LLD that may be preceded by
OPENING SNAP and is MCC by ________
Answer - mitral Stenosis
rheumatic heart disease
what is a diastolic decrescendo blowing murmur @ LUSB and is associated with
hammer rumble
Answer - aortic regurgitation
note:
wide pulse pressure
increases with handgrip
decreases with amyl nitrate
+/- austin flint murmur = mid-late diastolic rumble at apex
aortic regurgitation + head bobbing
Answer - DeMussets
aortic regurgitation + nailbed pulsations
Answer - Quincke pulses
blowing holosystolic murmur @ apex that radiates to axilla
Answer - mitral regurgitation
,note:
increases with handgrip
decreases with amyl nitrate
midsystolic ejection click at apex is caused by what
Answer - mitral valve prolapse
note: reassurance and good prognosis in asymptomatic pts or with mild sx
systolic ejection crescendo-decrescendo flow murmur at PULMONIC AREA
Answer - atrial septal defect
note:
ostium secundum most common
left to right shunt (noncyanotic)
continuous machinery murmur that is loudest at pulmonic area
Answer - patent ductus arteriosus
,note: left to right shunt (noncyanotic), continued PGE2 production promotes
patency, IV indomethacin if preterm to close PDA
systolic murmur that radiates to the back/scapula/chest
increase BP upper > lower extermities
delayed/weak femoral pulses
Answer - coarctation of aorta
along with coarctation of aorta, 70% also have ____
Answer - bicuspid aortic valves
coarctation of aorta
CXR
Answer - rib notching
note:
"3 sign" on barium swallow
angiogram gold standard
Tx balloon angioplasty, PGE1
, Ia- procainamide, prolongs repolarization
Ib- lidocaine, shortens repolarization
II- beta blockers (propranolol, metoprolol, esmolol)
III- K+ channel blockers (K+ prevents efflux)
IV- CCB (verapamil, diltiazem)
V- others, adenosine
atropine is first line treatment in _________________
Answer - bradycardia
adenosine is used for treatment in ________
Answer - tachycardia
causes transient heart block in AV node
SOLUTION!!
systolic "ejection" crescendo-decrescendo harsh murmur at RUSB that radiates to
carotids
Answer - aortic stenosis
harsh diastolic rumble murmur at apex (low) in LLD that may be preceded by
OPENING SNAP and is MCC by ________
Answer - mitral Stenosis
rheumatic heart disease
what is a diastolic decrescendo blowing murmur @ LUSB and is associated with
hammer rumble
Answer - aortic regurgitation
note:
wide pulse pressure
increases with handgrip
decreases with amyl nitrate
+/- austin flint murmur = mid-late diastolic rumble at apex
aortic regurgitation + head bobbing
Answer - DeMussets
aortic regurgitation + nailbed pulsations
Answer - Quincke pulses
blowing holosystolic murmur @ apex that radiates to axilla
Answer - mitral regurgitation
,note:
increases with handgrip
decreases with amyl nitrate
midsystolic ejection click at apex is caused by what
Answer - mitral valve prolapse
note: reassurance and good prognosis in asymptomatic pts or with mild sx
systolic ejection crescendo-decrescendo flow murmur at PULMONIC AREA
Answer - atrial septal defect
note:
ostium secundum most common
left to right shunt (noncyanotic)
continuous machinery murmur that is loudest at pulmonic area
Answer - patent ductus arteriosus
,note: left to right shunt (noncyanotic), continued PGE2 production promotes
patency, IV indomethacin if preterm to close PDA
systolic murmur that radiates to the back/scapula/chest
increase BP upper > lower extermities
delayed/weak femoral pulses
Answer - coarctation of aorta
along with coarctation of aorta, 70% also have ____
Answer - bicuspid aortic valves
coarctation of aorta
CXR
Answer - rib notching
note:
"3 sign" on barium swallow
angiogram gold standard
Tx balloon angioplasty, PGE1
, Ia- procainamide, prolongs repolarization
Ib- lidocaine, shortens repolarization
II- beta blockers (propranolol, metoprolol, esmolol)
III- K+ channel blockers (K+ prevents efflux)
IV- CCB (verapamil, diltiazem)
V- others, adenosine
atropine is first line treatment in _________________
Answer - bradycardia
adenosine is used for treatment in ________
Answer - tachycardia
causes transient heart block in AV node
