NSG 3600
CHILDREN'S HEALTH / PEDIATRIC NURSING
NSG 3600 Exam 4: Nursing Practice – Children’s Health Study
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing & Pharmacology Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NSG 3600 Exam 4 Nursing Practice Children s Health Study Guide D | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NSG 3600 Exam 4 Nursing Practice Children s Health Study Guide D | 2026/2027
Question 1
A 2-year-old child is admitted with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following nursing actions is the highest priority?
A. Obtain a throat culture to identify the causative organism.
B. Examine the throat using a tongue blade to visualize the epiglottis.
C. Place the child in a supine position to facilitate breathing.
D. Prepare for immediate endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy.
Answer: D
Rationale
Epiglottitis is a medical emergency. The priority is maintaining a patent airway. Examination of the throat or obtaining cultures
can trigger a laryngospasm and complete airway obstruction. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical
decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary
process and anticipated complications.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot who suddenly becomes cyanotic and dyspneic. Which position
should the nurse place the infant in?
A. High-Fowler’s position
B. Trendelenburg position
C. Side-lying position
D. Knee-chest position
Answer: D
Rationale
The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which reduces the right-to-left shunt across the VSD,
improving oxygenation during a ‘tet spell.’ Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect
choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated
complications.
Question 3
A 4-week-old infant is brought to the clinic with reports of projectile vomiting after feedings and an ‘olive-shaped’ mass
in the right upper quadrant. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Intussusception
B. Hirschsprung’s Disease
C. Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
D. Gastroesophageal Reflux
Answer: C
Rationale
Projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass are classic clinical manifestations of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common
misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated complications.
Page 3
CHILDREN'S HEALTH / PEDIATRIC NURSING
NSG 3600 Exam 4: Nursing Practice – Children’s Health Study
UPDATE
50 Multiple-Choice Questions
Complete Answers with Detailed Rationales
Aligned with Nursing & Pharmacology Standards
Galen College of Nursing
For academic study and exam review • Verify with current course materials
,NSG 3600 Exam 4 Nursing Practice Children s Health Study Guide D | 2026/2027
How to Use This Review
This comprehensive exam review contains high-yield multiple-choice questions. Each item includes the correct answer
and an expanded rationale explaining the underlying principle, why the correct option is preferred, and why distractors are
incorrect. Study tip: Attempt each question before reading the answer, then carefully review the rationale.
Page 2
, NSG 3600 Exam 4 Nursing Practice Children s Health Study Guide D | 2026/2027
Question 1
A 2-year-old child is admitted with suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following nursing actions is the highest priority?
A. Obtain a throat culture to identify the causative organism.
B. Examine the throat using a tongue blade to visualize the epiglottis.
C. Place the child in a supine position to facilitate breathing.
D. Prepare for immediate endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy.
Answer: D
Rationale
Epiglottitis is a medical emergency. The priority is maintaining a patent airway. Examination of the throat or obtaining cultures
can trigger a laryngospasm and complete airway obstruction. Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical
decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary
process and anticipated complications.
Question 2
A nurse is caring for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot who suddenly becomes cyanotic and dyspneic. Which position
should the nurse place the infant in?
A. High-Fowler’s position
B. Trendelenburg position
C. Side-lying position
D. Knee-chest position
Answer: D
Rationale
The knee-chest position increases systemic vascular resistance, which reduces the right-to-left shunt across the VSD,
improving oxygenation during a ‘tet spell.’ Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect
choices often reflect common misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated
complications.
Question 3
A 4-week-old infant is brought to the clinic with reports of projectile vomiting after feedings and an ‘olive-shaped’ mass
in the right upper quadrant. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
A. Intussusception
B. Hirschsprung’s Disease
C. Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
D. Gastroesophageal Reflux
Answer: C
Rationale
Projectile vomiting and a palpable olive-shaped mass are classic clinical manifestations of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
Understanding this concept is essential for safe clinical decision-making. Incorrect choices often reflect common
misconceptions. Always link assessment findings to the primary process and anticipated complications.
Page 3
