BIO 101 Lecture Exam 2 2026/2027 | 41 Questions & Answers | Macromolecules, Cells, Mitosis & Meiosis

BIO 101 Lecture Exam #2 is a 2026/2027 Biology exam-preparation resource containing 41 identifiable questions/prompts with answers across seven pages. The document focuses on high-yield introductory biology concepts, including hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis, isomers, carbohydrates, glycogen, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, monomers and polymers, functional groups, cellular structures, organelles, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, viruses, mitosis, meiosis, chromosomes, genetic variation, nondisjunction, binary fission, and signal transduction. The first major section examines biological macromolecules and molecular biology, including the four major categories of biological molecules—carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids—and their structural characteristics. Questions address dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis, monosaccharides and polysaccharides, amino acids and proteins, nucleotides and nucleic acids, glycogen, RNA, functional groups, fatty-acid saturation, and identifying biological molecules from their chemical characteristics. These topics correspond closely with standard introductory biology coverage of biological macromolecules; for example, OpenStax Biology 2e explains the four major macromolecule classes and the roles of dehydration and hydrolysis reactions in assembling and breaking down biological molecules. The material also provides substantial coverage of cell biology, including the plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus, nucleus, endomembrane system, ribosomes, plasmodesmata, and organelles involved in lipid synthesis. Students are tested on key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, cell surface-area-to-volume relationships, bacterial cell walls, animal cells, and viral composition. These concepts form part of the foundational study of cellular organization and membrane structure in introductory biology. Another important portion covers the cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and chromosome behavior. Questions include interphase, DNA replication, sister chromatids, diploid versus haploid cells, human gamete chromosome number, recombinant chromosomes, crossing over, and nondisjunction during meiosis I and II. This content is consistent with established cell-biology references: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, describes DNA duplication during S phase followed by chromosome segregation during M phase, while its meiosis chapter explains chromosome reduction, crossing over, haploid-cell formation, and meiotic nondisjunction. OpenStax similarly describes meiosis as two nuclear divisions following DNA replication and explains how crossing over contributes to genetic variation. This document is particularly relevant for BIO 101 students, first-year undergraduate biology students, introductory/general biology students, pre-health and life-science students taking an introductory biology course, and students preparing for Lecture Exam #2 or a comparable test covering macromolecules, cell biology, and cell division. Because the uploaded document does not identify a university or institution, a university name should not be invented for SEO purposes; “University Not Specified” is therefore used in the title. Keywords: BIO 101 exam, BIO 101 exam 2, BIO 101 questions and answers, BIO , biology lecture exam, biology exam questions and answers, introductory biology exam, general biology exam, biological macromolecules, carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids, hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis, monomers and polymers, cell biology exam, cell structure and organelles, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, plasma membrane, Golgi apparatus, endomembrane system, mitosis and meiosis, cell cycle, sister chromatids, diploid and haploid cells, meiosis questions and answers, genetic variation, crossing over, nondisjunction, chromosomes, binary fission, signal transduction, functional groups, biology practice questions, biology exam preparation References: OpenStax Biology 2e, sections on biological macromolecules and meiosis. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 4th ed., Garland Science, including chapters on the cell cycle and meiosis, available through NCBI Bookshelf.