BIOL 133 Questions with CORRECT Answers

BIOL 133 (3) Questions with CORRECT Answers


Question:
Gene
Answer:
segment of DNA ( a gene codes for production of a protein)

Question:
Allele
Answer:
variant of a gene

Question:
DNA
Answer:
Deoxyribonucleic acid - 4 DNA building blocks: A, T, G, C - double stranded

Question:
Genome
Answer:
all genes in cells of a particular type of organism (species) - human genome = ~
20,000 genes - corn has 30,000 genes and the worm C. elegans has 10,000

Question:
Nongenetic fac
Answer:
tors of breast cancer

Question:
Genetic testing
Answer:
analysis of human DNA, RNA, chromosomes, proteins, or metabolites to detect
genotypes, mutations, or chromosomal changes - 2008: Genetic Information
Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) - directtoconsumer genetic tests

, Question:
Proteins
Answer:
enzymes: speed up reactions - provide structural support - control gene expression
- transporting other molecules around the cell (hemoglobin) - proteins help to
turn other genes on and off

Question:
Golgi apparatus
Answer:
proteins modified and labeled for transport outside cell, site where secretions
stored

Question:
Lysosomes
Answer:
contain digestive enzymes, breakdown cellular material

Question:
Peroxisomes
Answer:
produce bile for fat digestion, detoxifies various molecules

Question:
Cytoskeleton
Answer:
maintains cell shape and structure - helps move substances around cells

Question:
Cell membrane
Answer:
made of phospholipids and proteins - controls movement of substances in and out of
cell

Question:
Mitosis
Answer:
division of nucleus and cytoplasm