Congenital Echo Questions With Correct
Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
During development of the fetal heart, which direction does the tube loop? - CORRECT
ANSWER -anterior and to the right
What are the three bypass shunts during fetal cardiac circulation? - CORRECT ANSWER -foramen
ovale, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus
What is the most common congenital cardiac defect? - CORRECT ANSWER -VSD
What are the types of atrial septal defects? - CORRECT ANSWER -venosus, secundum, and
primum
Where is the sinus venosus ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the most superior portion of the
atrial septum
What other defect is associated with sinus venosus ASD? - CORRECT ANSWER -anomalous
pulmonary venous return
What is the most common type of ASD? - CORRECT ANSWER -secundum or fossa ovalis defect
Where is an ostium secundum ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the middle portion of the
interatrial septum; the thinnest portion of the atrial septum and is composed of the flap which
covers the foramen ovale
Where is an ostium primum ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the bottom portion of the
septum closes to the atrioventricular valves; usually part of a complex anomaly involving AV
canal defects; endocardial cushion
Answers 2026-2027 A+ Graded
During development of the fetal heart, which direction does the tube loop? - CORRECT
ANSWER -anterior and to the right
What are the three bypass shunts during fetal cardiac circulation? - CORRECT ANSWER -foramen
ovale, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus
What is the most common congenital cardiac defect? - CORRECT ANSWER -VSD
What are the types of atrial septal defects? - CORRECT ANSWER -venosus, secundum, and
primum
Where is the sinus venosus ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the most superior portion of the
atrial septum
What other defect is associated with sinus venosus ASD? - CORRECT ANSWER -anomalous
pulmonary venous return
What is the most common type of ASD? - CORRECT ANSWER -secundum or fossa ovalis defect
Where is an ostium secundum ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the middle portion of the
interatrial septum; the thinnest portion of the atrial septum and is composed of the flap which
covers the foramen ovale
Where is an ostium primum ASD located? - CORRECT ANSWER -the bottom portion of the
septum closes to the atrioventricular valves; usually part of a complex anomaly involving AV
canal defects; endocardial cushion