Proctored Exam
ATI PN Pediatric Proctored Exam 1 (2026) |
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A 16-year-old volleyball player is diagnosed with long QT syndrome after a syncopal episode during practice.
Management includes:
avoiding further involvement in competitive sports.
P 1
, • ATI PN Pediatric 09/09/2026
Proctored Exam
changing to swim team for varsity sport.
beginning mexiletine as an antiarrhythmic.
taking beta blockers before competition. –
Correct Answer :avoiding further involvement in competitive sports.
Although long QT syndrome (LQTS) is rare, it is the most common arrhythmia that results in sudden, unexpected
death in athletes. Several genes have been identified with this syndrome and a genetic consult can help guide
therapy to prevent ventricular arrhythmias. Mexiletine is effective in patients with type 3 LQTS, but beta-blockers
failed to control 25% of patients with the KCNH2 gene mutation. A genetic consult should be obtained before
prescribing a long term therapy. Swimming is a specific trigger in patients with type 1 LQTS and would not be a
good choice for this adolescent unless the type of LQTS is known. Children and adolescents who have the
diagnosis of LQTS, with or without symptoms, should be prohibited from participating in competitive sports.
While seeking immediate dental care, which of the following is the BEST management for an avulsed permanent
tooth?
place the tooth under the child's tongue
replant the tooth and hold in place
submerge the tooth in a cup of cold milk
submerge the tooth in the child's saliva –
Correct Answer :replant the tooth and hold in place
P 2
, • ATI PN Pediatric 09/09/2026
Proctored Exam
Primary teeth cannot be replanted. If permanent teeth are knocked out, timing is important. Replant an avulsed
clean tooth immediately or within 5 minutes. If the tooth is dirty, rinse gently in cold milk, saline or room
temperature water, and then replant it. The prognosis for successful reimplantation decreases with time.
The permanent tooth should be handled by the crown. If it cannot be replanted within five minutes, it should be
placed in a solution of cold milk or the child's saliva. The child should not attempt to hold a non-replanted tooth
in the mouth because of the risk of aspiration.
The parents of an alert, active 4 year old diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) are frustrated
because they feel "nothing was done" for their child. Physical exam reveals multiple purpura and petechiae, but
no mucocutaneous bleeding. A repeat CBC shows platelets at 45,000/mm3, mild anemia and no abnormalities of
the red or white blood cells. The NEXT step includes:
discussion regarding safety concerns.
recommendation of hospitalization.
initiation of steroid therapy.
referral for IVIG infusion. –
Correct Answer :discussion regarding safety concerns.
Immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP), occurs in approximately 4 - 5 children per 100,000 with a peak
incidence between the ages of 2 and 5 years. The cause is unknown, but thought to be related to immune
factors. Expectant management is all that is required for most children that includes regular follow-up visits and
repeated blood counts. Complete remission is seen in 89-90% of children within 6 - 9 months.
Treatment is generally not indicated unless the course of the illness is chronic, the platelet count is less than
20,000/mm3, there is extensive bleeding, or when a protective environment cannot be provided. Platelet
transfusions are generally reserved for children with life-threatening complications such as an intracranial bleed.
Although removal of the spleen produces a normal platelet count in 75% of the children with ITP, this surgery is
reserved for children with long-term persistent problems due to the risk of fulminant post-splenectomy sepsis.
P 3
, • ATI PN Pediatric 09/09/2026
Proctored Exam
IVIG is an alternative treatment for ITP and will induce a rapid rise in platelets, which may then decrease again. It
also requires hospitalization and is expensive.
A nonverbal 12 year old with severe developmental delay has a healing burn injury. Which pediatric pain scale is
the MOST appropriate?
CRIES
FACES pain scale
FLACC scale
Individualized Numeric Rating Scale –
Correct Answer :Individualized Numeric Rating Scale
The Individualized Numeric Rating Scale (INRS) is used for children aged 5 and older that are cognitively
impaired. A scale is used from 0 to 10 with specific indicators for that particular patient which describe how pain
is demonstrated along the continuum. A parent or care provider can help insert the descriptors to be used on
the scale. The FACES scale is used for patients 3 years and older. FLACC is utilized for infants and children from
full-term neonates to 7 years of age. CRIES is a newborn/neonatal pain assessment tool for the evaluation of
postoperative pain. Utilizing the INRS along with parent information is the most appropriate scale to assess for
pain in a nonverbal patient who is 12 years old and known to have severe developmental delay.
Which of these findings are significant for the diagnosis of pneumonia?
crackles
fever and cough
P 4