Page 1 of 83
09 September 2026
NURS 6531 Final EXAM 2026/2027 LATEST EXAM
TESTBANK UNDER NEW GUIDELINE 250
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WIYTH
EXPLANATIONS PERFECT TO PASS 2026/2027 NURS
6531 Final TEST EXAM
A patient diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis and prescribed a topical
antihistaminevasoconstrictor medication reports worsening symptoms. What is the provider's
next step in managing this patient's symptoms?
a. Consider prescribing a topical mast cell stabilizer.
b. Determine the duration of treatment with this medication.
c. Prescribe a non-sedating oral antihistamine.
d. Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist for further care. ANS: B
Antibiotic-vasoconstrictor agents can have a rebound effect with worsening symptoms if used
longer than 3 to 7 days, so the provider should determine whether this is the cause. Topical mast cell
stabilizers are useful as prophylaxis for recurrent or persistent allergic conjunctivitis
and results do not occur for several weeks. Oral antihistamines may be the next step if it is
determined that the cause of worsening symptoms is related to the allergy. It is not necessary to
refer to ophthalmology at this time.
A patient who works in a furniture manufacturing shop reports a sudden onset of severe eye pain
while sanding a piece of wood and now has copious tearing, redness, and light sensitivity
in the affected eye. On examination, the conjunctiva appears injected, but no foreign body is
visualized. What is the practitioner's next step?
a. Administration of antibiotic eye drops
b. Application of topical fluorescein dye
c. Instillation of cycloplegic eye drops
d. Irrigation of the eye with normal saline ANS: B
The practitioner must determine if there is a corneal abrasion and will instill fluorescein dye in order
to examine the cornea under a Wood's lamp. Antibiotic eye drops are not indicated as initial
treatment. Cycloplegic drops are used occasionally for pain control but should be used with caution.
Irrigation of the eye is indicated for chemical burns.
Which patients should be referred immediately to an ophthalmologist after eye injury and initial
treatment? (Select all that apply.)
, Page 2 of 83
09 September 2026
a. A patient who was sprayed by lawn chemicals
b. A patient who works in a metal fabrication shop
c. A patient with a corneal abrasion
d. A patient with a full-thickness corneal laceration
e. A patient with irritation secondary to wood dust ANS: A, B, D
Patients with chemical eye injuries, any with possible metallic foreign bodies, and those with
fullthickness corneal lacerations must have immediate referral. Corneal abrasions and irritation from
wood dust may be managed by primary care providers.
A patient has evaporative dry eye syndrome with eyelid inflammation. What are some
pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures the provider can recommend? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Apply over-the-counter artificial tears as needed.
b. Avoid direct exposure to air conditioning.
c. Topical steroid eye drops as a maintenance medication.
d. Use nontearing baby shampoo to gently scrub the eyelids.
e. Use tetrahydrozoline drops for discomfort ANS: A, B, D
Patients with dry eye are encouraged to use OTC artificial tears to help moisten the eyes. Avoiding
exposure to fans, air conditioning, and wind is recommended. Nontearing baby shampoo may be
used to cleanse the lids in patients with eyelid inflammation. Topical steroid eye drops should be
used sparingly and for short periods of time. Tetrahydozoline drops constrict blood vessels and may
dry eyes further.
An adult patient with a history of recurrent sinusitis and allergic rhinitis reports chronic tearing in
one eye, ocular discharge, and eyelid crusting. The provider suspects nasolacrimal duct
obstruction. Which initial treatment will the provider recommend?
a. Antibiotic eye drops
b. Nasolacrimal duct probing
c. Systemic antibiotics
d. Warm compresses ANS: D
This is most likely acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Initial treatment should include warm
compresses. Antibiotics are only used if infection is present. Nasolacrimal duct probing is not useful
for acquired conditions; definitive treatment usually requires surgery.
, Page 3 of 83
09 September 2026
A patient is diagnosed with dacryocystitis. The provider notes a painful lacrimal sac abscess that
appears to be coming to a head. Which treatment will be useful initially?
a. Eyelid scrubs with baby shampoo
b. Incision and drainage
c. Lacrimal bypass surgery
d. Topical antibiotic ointment ANS: B
When an abscess is present and coming to a head, incision and drainage may be useful. Definitive
treatment with lacrimal bypass surgery will be performed once the acute episode has resolved.
Eyelid scrubs and topical ointments are not effective.
Which is the most common cause of orbital cellulitis in all age groups?
a. Bacteremic spread from remote infections
b. Inoculation from local trauma or bug bites
c. Local spread from the ethmoid sinus
d. Paranasal sinus inoculation ANS: C
Because the membrane separating the ethmoid sinus from the orbit is literally paper-thin, this is the
most common source of orbital infection in all age groups. Bacteremic spread, inoculation from
localized trauma, and paranasal sinus spread all may occur, but are less common.
A child's optic assessment data include unilateral eyelid edema, warmth, and erythema but no
pain with ocular movement is reported. Which characteristic is most likely true about this child's
infection?
a. Decreased visual acuity may occur.
b. Increased intraocular pressure will be present.
c. Optic nerve compromise is a complication.
d. The eye is typically spared without conjunctivitis. ANS: D
This child has symptoms of preseptal cellulitis in which the eye is typically spared. The other findings
are consistent with orbital cellulitis.
A patient is experiencing eyelid swelling with erythema and warmth and reports pain with eye
movement. Which diagnostic tests will be performed to confirm a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Blood cultures
b. Complete blood count
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09 September 2026
c. CT scan of orbits
d. Lumbar puncture
e. Visual acuity testing ANS: B, C
A complete blood count will help distinguish infectious from noninfectious orbital cellulitis.
A CT scan or the orbits is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Blood cultures do not confirm the
diagnosis of orbital cellulitis but may be used to evaluate whether septicemia is occurring. Lumbar
puncture is indicated if meningitis is suspected. Visual acuity testing may be used to monitor
recovery.
A child sustains an ocular injury in which a shard of glass from a bottle penetrated the eye wall.
The emergency department provider notes that the shard has remained in the eye. Which term
best describes this type of injury?
a. Intraocular foreign body
b. Penetrating eye injury
c. Perforating eye injury
d. Ruptured globe injury ANS: A
When a portion of the insulting object enters and remains in the eye, the injury is correctly referred
to as an intraocular foreign body. A penetrating injury occurs when something penetrates through
the eye wall without an exit wound. A perforating injury occurs when the object has both an entry
and an exit wound. A ruptured globe injury occurs when blunt force causes the eye wall to rupture.
A primary care provider notes painless, hard lesions on a patient's external ears that expel a white
crystalline substance when pressed. What diagnostic test is indicated?
a. Biopsy of the lesions
b. Endocrine studies
c. Rheumatoid factor
d. Uric acid chemical profile ANS: D
These lesions are consistent with gout and uric acid deposits. The provider should evaluate this by
ordering a uric acid chemical profile. Biopsy is indicated for any small, crusted, ulcerated, or
indurated lesion that does not heal. Rheumatoid nodules indicate a need for rheumatoid profiles.
Endocrine studies are ordered for patients with calcification nodules.
A small, rural hospital is part of an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and is designated as a
Level 1 ACO. What is part of this designation? p. 2
a. Bonuses based on achievement of benchmarks
09 September 2026
NURS 6531 Final EXAM 2026/2027 LATEST EXAM
TESTBANK UNDER NEW GUIDELINE 250
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WIYTH
EXPLANATIONS PERFECT TO PASS 2026/2027 NURS
6531 Final TEST EXAM
A patient diagnosed with allergic conjunctivitis and prescribed a topical
antihistaminevasoconstrictor medication reports worsening symptoms. What is the provider's
next step in managing this patient's symptoms?
a. Consider prescribing a topical mast cell stabilizer.
b. Determine the duration of treatment with this medication.
c. Prescribe a non-sedating oral antihistamine.
d. Refer the patient to an ophthalmologist for further care. ANS: B
Antibiotic-vasoconstrictor agents can have a rebound effect with worsening symptoms if used
longer than 3 to 7 days, so the provider should determine whether this is the cause. Topical mast cell
stabilizers are useful as prophylaxis for recurrent or persistent allergic conjunctivitis
and results do not occur for several weeks. Oral antihistamines may be the next step if it is
determined that the cause of worsening symptoms is related to the allergy. It is not necessary to
refer to ophthalmology at this time.
A patient who works in a furniture manufacturing shop reports a sudden onset of severe eye pain
while sanding a piece of wood and now has copious tearing, redness, and light sensitivity
in the affected eye. On examination, the conjunctiva appears injected, but no foreign body is
visualized. What is the practitioner's next step?
a. Administration of antibiotic eye drops
b. Application of topical fluorescein dye
c. Instillation of cycloplegic eye drops
d. Irrigation of the eye with normal saline ANS: B
The practitioner must determine if there is a corneal abrasion and will instill fluorescein dye in order
to examine the cornea under a Wood's lamp. Antibiotic eye drops are not indicated as initial
treatment. Cycloplegic drops are used occasionally for pain control but should be used with caution.
Irrigation of the eye is indicated for chemical burns.
Which patients should be referred immediately to an ophthalmologist after eye injury and initial
treatment? (Select all that apply.)
, Page 2 of 83
09 September 2026
a. A patient who was sprayed by lawn chemicals
b. A patient who works in a metal fabrication shop
c. A patient with a corneal abrasion
d. A patient with a full-thickness corneal laceration
e. A patient with irritation secondary to wood dust ANS: A, B, D
Patients with chemical eye injuries, any with possible metallic foreign bodies, and those with
fullthickness corneal lacerations must have immediate referral. Corneal abrasions and irritation from
wood dust may be managed by primary care providers.
A patient has evaporative dry eye syndrome with eyelid inflammation. What are some
pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures the provider can recommend? (Select all that
apply.)
a. Apply over-the-counter artificial tears as needed.
b. Avoid direct exposure to air conditioning.
c. Topical steroid eye drops as a maintenance medication.
d. Use nontearing baby shampoo to gently scrub the eyelids.
e. Use tetrahydrozoline drops for discomfort ANS: A, B, D
Patients with dry eye are encouraged to use OTC artificial tears to help moisten the eyes. Avoiding
exposure to fans, air conditioning, and wind is recommended. Nontearing baby shampoo may be
used to cleanse the lids in patients with eyelid inflammation. Topical steroid eye drops should be
used sparingly and for short periods of time. Tetrahydozoline drops constrict blood vessels and may
dry eyes further.
An adult patient with a history of recurrent sinusitis and allergic rhinitis reports chronic tearing in
one eye, ocular discharge, and eyelid crusting. The provider suspects nasolacrimal duct
obstruction. Which initial treatment will the provider recommend?
a. Antibiotic eye drops
b. Nasolacrimal duct probing
c. Systemic antibiotics
d. Warm compresses ANS: D
This is most likely acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Initial treatment should include warm
compresses. Antibiotics are only used if infection is present. Nasolacrimal duct probing is not useful
for acquired conditions; definitive treatment usually requires surgery.
, Page 3 of 83
09 September 2026
A patient is diagnosed with dacryocystitis. The provider notes a painful lacrimal sac abscess that
appears to be coming to a head. Which treatment will be useful initially?
a. Eyelid scrubs with baby shampoo
b. Incision and drainage
c. Lacrimal bypass surgery
d. Topical antibiotic ointment ANS: B
When an abscess is present and coming to a head, incision and drainage may be useful. Definitive
treatment with lacrimal bypass surgery will be performed once the acute episode has resolved.
Eyelid scrubs and topical ointments are not effective.
Which is the most common cause of orbital cellulitis in all age groups?
a. Bacteremic spread from remote infections
b. Inoculation from local trauma or bug bites
c. Local spread from the ethmoid sinus
d. Paranasal sinus inoculation ANS: C
Because the membrane separating the ethmoid sinus from the orbit is literally paper-thin, this is the
most common source of orbital infection in all age groups. Bacteremic spread, inoculation from
localized trauma, and paranasal sinus spread all may occur, but are less common.
A child's optic assessment data include unilateral eyelid edema, warmth, and erythema but no
pain with ocular movement is reported. Which characteristic is most likely true about this child's
infection?
a. Decreased visual acuity may occur.
b. Increased intraocular pressure will be present.
c. Optic nerve compromise is a complication.
d. The eye is typically spared without conjunctivitis. ANS: D
This child has symptoms of preseptal cellulitis in which the eye is typically spared. The other findings
are consistent with orbital cellulitis.
A patient is experiencing eyelid swelling with erythema and warmth and reports pain with eye
movement. Which diagnostic tests will be performed to confirm a diagnosis of orbital cellulitis?
(Select all that apply.)
a. Blood cultures
b. Complete blood count
, Page 4 of 83
09 September 2026
c. CT scan of orbits
d. Lumbar puncture
e. Visual acuity testing ANS: B, C
A complete blood count will help distinguish infectious from noninfectious orbital cellulitis.
A CT scan or the orbits is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. Blood cultures do not confirm the
diagnosis of orbital cellulitis but may be used to evaluate whether septicemia is occurring. Lumbar
puncture is indicated if meningitis is suspected. Visual acuity testing may be used to monitor
recovery.
A child sustains an ocular injury in which a shard of glass from a bottle penetrated the eye wall.
The emergency department provider notes that the shard has remained in the eye. Which term
best describes this type of injury?
a. Intraocular foreign body
b. Penetrating eye injury
c. Perforating eye injury
d. Ruptured globe injury ANS: A
When a portion of the insulting object enters and remains in the eye, the injury is correctly referred
to as an intraocular foreign body. A penetrating injury occurs when something penetrates through
the eye wall without an exit wound. A perforating injury occurs when the object has both an entry
and an exit wound. A ruptured globe injury occurs when blunt force causes the eye wall to rupture.
A primary care provider notes painless, hard lesions on a patient's external ears that expel a white
crystalline substance when pressed. What diagnostic test is indicated?
a. Biopsy of the lesions
b. Endocrine studies
c. Rheumatoid factor
d. Uric acid chemical profile ANS: D
These lesions are consistent with gout and uric acid deposits. The provider should evaluate this by
ordering a uric acid chemical profile. Biopsy is indicated for any small, crusted, ulcerated, or
indurated lesion that does not heal. Rheumatoid nodules indicate a need for rheumatoid profiles.
Endocrine studies are ordered for patients with calcification nodules.
A small, rural hospital is part of an Accountable Care Organization (ACO) and is designated as a
Level 1 ACO. What is part of this designation? p. 2
a. Bonuses based on achievement of benchmarks
