NUR 2115 FINAL EXAM:
FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL
NURSING
1. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which action represents the
‘Assessment’ phase of the nursing process?
A. Developing a plan of care for the patient’s nutritional needs.
B. Collecting data regarding the client’s history of chronic pain.
C. Administering a prescribed analgesic for reported pain.
D. Evaluating the effectiveness of a client’s wound healing.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Assessment involves the systematic collection of subjective and
objective data. Collecting history is a core assessment activity.
2. Which clinical manifestation would a nurse expect to find in a patient experiencing
orthostatic hypotension?
A. A decrease of 20 mmHg in systolic pressure upon standing.
B. Bradycardia and hypertension.
,C. Increased blood pressure when moving from lying to standing.
D. Flushed skin and bounding peripheral pulses.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Orthostatic hypotension is defined by a drop in systolic blood
pressure of at least 20 mmHg or diastolic of at least 10 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing.
3. A nurse is preparing to care for a client with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which infection
control measure is mandatory?
A. Performing hand hygiene with soap and water.
B. Wearing an N95 respirator mask.
C. Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after exiting the room.
D. Placing the client in a negative-pressure room.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective against C. diff spores;
soap and water must be used to mechanically remove the spores.
4. Which stage of a pressure injury is characterized by partial-thickness loss of dermis
presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 3
, D. Stage 4
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 2 pressure injuries involve partial-thickness skin loss
involving the epidermis, dermis, or both, appearing as a shallow ulcer.
5. According to HIPAA, which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Discussing a patient’s condition in the hospital cafeteria with a colleague.
B. Sharing patient information with a relative who is not listed on the disclosure form.
C. Logging off the computer terminal immediately after documenting.
D. Printing the patient’s full medical record to study at home.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Protecting electronic health records by logging off is a key
requirement of HIPAA to maintain patient confidentiality.
6. A client is scheduled for surgery. Who is legally responsible for obtaining the informed
consent?
A. The surgeon or healthcare provider performing the procedure.
B. The nurse manager.
C. The registered nurse.
D. The hospital’s risk management officer.
FUNDAMENTALS OF PROFESSIONAL
NURSING
1. A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client. Which action represents the
‘Assessment’ phase of the nursing process?
A. Developing a plan of care for the patient’s nutritional needs.
B. Collecting data regarding the client’s history of chronic pain.
C. Administering a prescribed analgesic for reported pain.
D. Evaluating the effectiveness of a client’s wound healing.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Assessment involves the systematic collection of subjective and
objective data. Collecting history is a core assessment activity.
2. Which clinical manifestation would a nurse expect to find in a patient experiencing
orthostatic hypotension?
A. A decrease of 20 mmHg in systolic pressure upon standing.
B. Bradycardia and hypertension.
,C. Increased blood pressure when moving from lying to standing.
D. Flushed skin and bounding peripheral pulses.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Orthostatic hypotension is defined by a drop in systolic blood
pressure of at least 20 mmHg or diastolic of at least 10 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing.
3. A nurse is preparing to care for a client with Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which infection
control measure is mandatory?
A. Performing hand hygiene with soap and water.
B. Wearing an N95 respirator mask.
C. Using an alcohol-based hand sanitizer after exiting the room.
D. Placing the client in a negative-pressure room.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective against C. diff spores;
soap and water must be used to mechanically remove the spores.
4. Which stage of a pressure injury is characterized by partial-thickness loss of dermis
presenting as a shallow open ulcer with a red-pink wound bed?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 3
, D. Stage 4
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 2 pressure injuries involve partial-thickness skin loss
involving the epidermis, dermis, or both, appearing as a shallow ulcer.
5. According to HIPAA, which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse?
A. Discussing a patient’s condition in the hospital cafeteria with a colleague.
B. Sharing patient information with a relative who is not listed on the disclosure form.
C. Logging off the computer terminal immediately after documenting.
D. Printing the patient’s full medical record to study at home.
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Protecting electronic health records by logging off is a key
requirement of HIPAA to maintain patient confidentiality.
6. A client is scheduled for surgery. Who is legally responsible for obtaining the informed
consent?
A. The surgeon or healthcare provider performing the procedure.
B. The nurse manager.
C. The registered nurse.
D. The hospital’s risk management officer.
