NUR 2115 FUNDAMENTALS OF
PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative and reports a pain level of 8 on a scale of
0 to 10. The nurse administers the prescribed morphine. Which phase of the nursing process
is the nurse performing during the administration of the medication?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Implementation is the phase of the nursing process where the
nurse carries out the planned interventions, such as administering medication.
2. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they support a client’s decision to
refuse a life-saving blood transfusion due to religious beliefs?
A. Beneficence
,B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions about their medical care.
3. A nurse is measuring a client’s blood pressure and uses a cuff that is too narrow for the
client’s arm. What is the likely result of this measurement?
A. The reading will be falsely high.
B. The reading will be falsely low.
C. The diastolic reading will be accurate, but the systolic will be low.
D. The measurement will not be affected by cuff size.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too small or narrow typically
results in a falsely high reading.
4. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which type of
isolation precautions must the nurse implement?
A. Standard Precautions
B. Droplet Precautions
, C. Airborne Precautions
D. Contact Precautions
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff is transmitted via contact; therefore, contact precautions
(gloves and gown) and handwashing with soap and water are required.
5. During a physical assessment, the nurse notes a deep crater-like wound on the client’s
sacrum that extends into the subcutaneous tissue but does not expose muscle or bone. How
should the nurse stage this pressure injury?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 4
D. Stage 3
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 3 pressure injuries involve full-thickness skin loss with
damage to subcutaneous tissue, but muscle, bone, or tendon are not yet visible.
6. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal site.
At what angle should the needle be inserted?
A. 15 degrees
B. 45 degrees
PROFESSIONAL NURSING FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is post-operative and reports a pain level of 8 on a scale of
0 to 10. The nurse administers the prescribed morphine. Which phase of the nursing process
is the nurse performing during the administration of the medication?
A. Assessment
B. Planning
C. Evaluation
D. Implementation
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Implementation is the phase of the nursing process where the
nurse carries out the planned interventions, such as administering medication.
2. Which ethical principle is the nurse upholding when they support a client’s decision to
refuse a life-saving blood transfusion due to religious beliefs?
A. Beneficence
,B. Justice
C. Nonmaleficence
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the right of the patient to make their own
decisions about their medical care.
3. A nurse is measuring a client’s blood pressure and uses a cuff that is too narrow for the
client’s arm. What is the likely result of this measurement?
A. The reading will be falsely high.
B. The reading will be falsely low.
C. The diastolic reading will be accurate, but the systolic will be low.
D. The measurement will not be affected by cuff size.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Using a blood pressure cuff that is too small or narrow typically
results in a falsely high reading.
4. A client is admitted with a diagnosis of Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Which type of
isolation precautions must the nurse implement?
A. Standard Precautions
B. Droplet Precautions
, C. Airborne Precautions
D. Contact Precautions
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: C. diff is transmitted via contact; therefore, contact precautions
(gloves and gown) and handwashing with soap and water are required.
5. During a physical assessment, the nurse notes a deep crater-like wound on the client’s
sacrum that extends into the subcutaneous tissue but does not expose muscle or bone. How
should the nurse stage this pressure injury?
A. Stage 1
B. Stage 2
C. Stage 4
D. Stage 3
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 3 pressure injuries involve full-thickness skin loss with
damage to subcutaneous tissue, but muscle, bone, or tendon are not yet visible.
6. The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection into the ventrogluteal site.
At what angle should the needle be inserted?
A. 15 degrees
B. 45 degrees
