NSG 6420 Test 2 Questions with Verified
Correct Answers
CAD major risk factors
HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, Microalbuminuria, GFR
<60, age (>55men, >65 women), Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS
Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies
HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular disorders
MR etiologies
rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious endocarditis
AS characteristics
*increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS?
calcification of a normal trileaflet or congenital bicuspid valve
MR characteristics
Radiates to chest and axilla
*high pitch with blowing quality
, *pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications
afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR?
MVP
Prophy antibiotics?
invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR and MVP
CHF s/sx
Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to frequent cough productive of pink frothy
sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to?
Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels
>40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes?
Correct Answers
CAD major risk factors
HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, Microalbuminuria, GFR
<60, age (>55men, >65 women), Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS
Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies
HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular disorders
MR etiologies
rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious endocarditis
AS characteristics
*increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS?
calcification of a normal trileaflet or congenital bicuspid valve
MR characteristics
Radiates to chest and axilla
*high pitch with blowing quality
, *pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications
afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR?
MVP
Prophy antibiotics?
invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR and MVP
CHF s/sx
Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to frequent cough productive of pink frothy
sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to?
Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels
>40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes?
