GEOGRAPHY 2152 MIDTERM 2026 MAP
INTERPRETATION AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
PAPER COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Many Hazards are Natural Processes
Answer: These events are natural forces; they only become
hazardous when they disrupt human activity or the environment
These processes are not within our control; we cannot prevent them,
we can only respond to them
The best solution to mitigate loss is preparation
◉ Mitigating Loss
Answer: Accurate prediction and forecasts are necessary in order to
reduce loss
◉ Prediction
Answer: A SPECIFIC time, date, location and magnitude of the event
Ex. hurricanes can be predicted, move slowly, can track them, can tell
how strong it is
◉ Forecast
,Answer: More broad and general. A range of probability for the
event.
Ex. Earthquake, in Vancouver, within several decades there will be an
event
◉ T/F Some hazards can be predicted. Many can be forecasted.
Answer: True.
◉ 2. Understanding Hazardous Processes to Evaluate Risk
(Formula)
Answer: Risk = (probability of event) x (consequences)
◉ Consequences
Answer: damage to people, property, the environment, the economy
◉ Acceptable risk
Answer: The amount of risk that an individual or society is willing to
take
Ex. motor cycles, everyone has an idea of a behaviour that is
acceptable vs. not acceptable
- The frequency of an event plays a role in determining the
acceptable risk
- Subjective
,- Everyone has a different definition of risk
◉ 3. Hazards are Linked
Answer: Hazards are linked to each other
Ex. Earthquakes may cause tsunamis and landslides. Hurricanes may
cause tornadoes and flooding
Some environments are linked to certain hazards
Ex. Some rock types are more prone to landslides
Look at diagram slide 37*
◉ 4. The increasing Risk of Hazards
Answer: Concentration of human population creates greater loss of
life in a disaster.
Population growth is putting greater demand on Earth's resources
Ex. India: population and economy is rapidly growing
◉ Where is rapid population growth occurring?
Answer: Rapid population growth is currently occurring in most
DEVELOPING countries
- Many people live in areas that are prone to hazards
◉ Human Population in Hazardous Areas
, Answer: Look at graph on slide 39*
Area at highest risks of earthquakes
Numbers are in the millions of people living in that areas
Ex. Tokyo = biggest metropolitan area
◉ Population Growth
Answer: Human population reached 7 billion in late 2011
1. Growth is EXPONENTIAL
2. Growth is coming from DEVELOPING countries. India and China
combined account for 1/3 of Earth's population
3. India will take over China population b/c china has methods to
decrease population growth
4. Earth is at max amount of population it can hold
5. Grey areas on map are not liveable, people cannot more to these
places (too hot or too cold)
◉ The Human Footprint
Answer: the risks associated with hazards change as human
development expands
Ex.
1. neighbourhoods extend onto hillsides and floodplains
2. urbanization alters drainage and slopes
3. agriculture, forestry and mining can increase erosion
INTERPRETATION AND PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY
PAPER COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
◉ Many Hazards are Natural Processes
Answer: These events are natural forces; they only become
hazardous when they disrupt human activity or the environment
These processes are not within our control; we cannot prevent them,
we can only respond to them
The best solution to mitigate loss is preparation
◉ Mitigating Loss
Answer: Accurate prediction and forecasts are necessary in order to
reduce loss
◉ Prediction
Answer: A SPECIFIC time, date, location and magnitude of the event
Ex. hurricanes can be predicted, move slowly, can track them, can tell
how strong it is
◉ Forecast
,Answer: More broad and general. A range of probability for the
event.
Ex. Earthquake, in Vancouver, within several decades there will be an
event
◉ T/F Some hazards can be predicted. Many can be forecasted.
Answer: True.
◉ 2. Understanding Hazardous Processes to Evaluate Risk
(Formula)
Answer: Risk = (probability of event) x (consequences)
◉ Consequences
Answer: damage to people, property, the environment, the economy
◉ Acceptable risk
Answer: The amount of risk that an individual or society is willing to
take
Ex. motor cycles, everyone has an idea of a behaviour that is
acceptable vs. not acceptable
- The frequency of an event plays a role in determining the
acceptable risk
- Subjective
,- Everyone has a different definition of risk
◉ 3. Hazards are Linked
Answer: Hazards are linked to each other
Ex. Earthquakes may cause tsunamis and landslides. Hurricanes may
cause tornadoes and flooding
Some environments are linked to certain hazards
Ex. Some rock types are more prone to landslides
Look at diagram slide 37*
◉ 4. The increasing Risk of Hazards
Answer: Concentration of human population creates greater loss of
life in a disaster.
Population growth is putting greater demand on Earth's resources
Ex. India: population and economy is rapidly growing
◉ Where is rapid population growth occurring?
Answer: Rapid population growth is currently occurring in most
DEVELOPING countries
- Many people live in areas that are prone to hazards
◉ Human Population in Hazardous Areas
, Answer: Look at graph on slide 39*
Area at highest risks of earthquakes
Numbers are in the millions of people living in that areas
Ex. Tokyo = biggest metropolitan area
◉ Population Growth
Answer: Human population reached 7 billion in late 2011
1. Growth is EXPONENTIAL
2. Growth is coming from DEVELOPING countries. India and China
combined account for 1/3 of Earth's population
3. India will take over China population b/c china has methods to
decrease population growth
4. Earth is at max amount of population it can hold
5. Grey areas on map are not liveable, people cannot more to these
places (too hot or too cold)
◉ The Human Footprint
Answer: the risks associated with hazards change as human
development expands
Ex.
1. neighbourhoods extend onto hillsides and floodplains
2. urbanization alters drainage and slopes
3. agriculture, forestry and mining can increase erosion
