NR 511 CEA Final Exam Prep (Chamberlain)
Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care
Management – 150 Practice Questions
Instructions:
One best answer per question.
Correct answer: bold.
Rationale: italics.
Health Promotion, Screening & Preventive Care (1–15)
1. According to USPSTF, which adult should receive one-time abdominal aortic aneurysm
(AAA) screening with ultrasound?
A. 70-year-old female never-smoker
B. 65-year-old male who has ever smoked
C. 50-year-old male with hypertension
D. 60-year-old female with diabetes
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends one-time AAA ultrasound for men 65–75 who have ever
smoked.
2. For average-risk adults, colorectal cancer screening should begin at age:
A. 40
B. 45
C. 50
D. 55
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends starting at 45 for average-risk adults.
3. Which vaccine is recommended for all adults ≥65 years?
A. HPV
B. Pneumococcal (PCV20 or PCV15 + PPSV23 per schedule)
C. Meningococcal
D. Varicella
,Answer: B
Rationale: Adults ≥65 should receive pneumococcal vaccination per current ACIP schedules.
4. A 52-year-old average-risk woman requests breast cancer screening. Current USPSTF
recommends mammography:
A. Annually starting at 40
B. Biennially from 40 to 74 (shared decision-making for 40–49)
C. Only after 60
D. Only if symptomatic
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends biennial screening 40–74, with individualized decision-making
for 40–49.
5. Which patient should be screened for lipid disorders?
A. 15-year-old female
B. 35-year-old male with no risk factors
C. 45-year-old male with hypertension
D. 20-year-old college athlete
Answer: C
Rationale: Adults 40–75 should be screened; younger adults with risk factors (e.g., HTN) also
warrant screening.
6. Best initial screening test for type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic adults with risk factors:
A. Random glucose
B. Fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c
C. Oral glucose tolerance test only
D. Urine dipstick
Answer: B
Rationale: FPG or HbA1c are preferred initial screening tests.
7. Which adult should receive hepatitis C screening at least once?
A. All adults 18–79
B. Only those with IV drug use
C. Only pregnant women
D. Only those with transfusions before 1992
Answer: A
Rationale: USPSTF recommends one-time HCV screening for all adults 18–79.
8. Osteoporosis screening with bone density is recommended for:
A. All women ≥65 and younger postmenopausal women with risk factors
B. All men ≥50
, C. Only women with fractures
D. Only patients on steroids
Answer: A
Rationale: USPSTF recommends screening women ≥65 and younger high-risk postmenopausal
women.
9. Which cancer screening is recommended for average-risk women 21–29?
A. HPV testing alone every 5 years
B. Cervical cytology (Pap) every 3 years
C. No screening until 30
D. Annual Pap + HPV
Answer: B
Rationale: Ages 21–29: Pap every 3 years; HPV testing not recommended alone in this age
group.
10. A 45-year-old male smoker asks about lung cancer screening. Best approach:
A. No screening until 55
B. Annual low-dose CT if 50–80 with ≥20 pack-years and current smoker or quit <15
years
C. Chest X-ray annually
D. CT only if symptomatic
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends annual LDCT for eligible high-risk adults.
11. Which is a primary prevention activity?
A. Mammography
B. Colonoscopy
C. Immunization
D. Blood pressure screening
Answer: C
Rationale: Immunizations prevent disease before it occurs.
12. For a healthy 30-year-old female, cervical cancer screening interval with Pap + HPV
co-testing is:
A. Every year
B. Every 3 years
C. Every 5 years
D. Every 10 years
Answer: C
Rationale: Co-testing every 5 years is recommended for ages 30–65.
, 13. Which patient requires earlier or more frequent diabetes screening?
A. BMI 22, no risk factors
B. BMI 30, family history, hypertension
C. BMI 24, exercises regularly
D. BMI 20, no family history
Answer: B
Rationale: Overweight/obesity plus risk factors warrant earlier/more frequent screening.
14. A 60-year-old male with no symptoms asks about prostate cancer screening. Best NP
response:
A. “You must get PSA annually.”
B. “PSA screening is a shared decision based on risks/benefits for men 55–69.”
C. “Screening is not available.”
D. “Only men over 75 should be screened.”
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends individualized decision-making for PSA screening ages 55–69.
15. Which statement about tobacco cessation is correct?
A. Only pharmacotherapy works
B. Combining counseling and medication improves quit rates
C. Cold turkey is the only effective method
D. E-cigarettes are first-line therapy
Answer: B
Rationale: Combined behavioral and pharmacologic interventions are most effective.
Upper Respiratory, ENT & Ophthalmology (16–30)
16. A 25-year-old with 3-day history of sore throat, fever, tonsillar exudates, and tender
anterior cervical nodes likely has:
A. Viral pharyngitis
B. Streptococcal pharyngitis
C. Infectious mononucleosis
D. Peritonsillar abscess
Answer: B
Rationale: Centor criteria (fever, exudates, tender nodes, no cough) suggest strep throat.
17. First-line treatment for confirmed group A strep pharyngitis in a non-allergic adult:
A. Azithromycin
B. Penicillin or amoxicillin
Differential Diagnosis & Primary Care
Management – 150 Practice Questions
Instructions:
One best answer per question.
Correct answer: bold.
Rationale: italics.
Health Promotion, Screening & Preventive Care (1–15)
1. According to USPSTF, which adult should receive one-time abdominal aortic aneurysm
(AAA) screening with ultrasound?
A. 70-year-old female never-smoker
B. 65-year-old male who has ever smoked
C. 50-year-old male with hypertension
D. 60-year-old female with diabetes
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends one-time AAA ultrasound for men 65–75 who have ever
smoked.
2. For average-risk adults, colorectal cancer screening should begin at age:
A. 40
B. 45
C. 50
D. 55
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends starting at 45 for average-risk adults.
3. Which vaccine is recommended for all adults ≥65 years?
A. HPV
B. Pneumococcal (PCV20 or PCV15 + PPSV23 per schedule)
C. Meningococcal
D. Varicella
,Answer: B
Rationale: Adults ≥65 should receive pneumococcal vaccination per current ACIP schedules.
4. A 52-year-old average-risk woman requests breast cancer screening. Current USPSTF
recommends mammography:
A. Annually starting at 40
B. Biennially from 40 to 74 (shared decision-making for 40–49)
C. Only after 60
D. Only if symptomatic
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends biennial screening 40–74, with individualized decision-making
for 40–49.
5. Which patient should be screened for lipid disorders?
A. 15-year-old female
B. 35-year-old male with no risk factors
C. 45-year-old male with hypertension
D. 20-year-old college athlete
Answer: C
Rationale: Adults 40–75 should be screened; younger adults with risk factors (e.g., HTN) also
warrant screening.
6. Best initial screening test for type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic adults with risk factors:
A. Random glucose
B. Fasting plasma glucose or HbA1c
C. Oral glucose tolerance test only
D. Urine dipstick
Answer: B
Rationale: FPG or HbA1c are preferred initial screening tests.
7. Which adult should receive hepatitis C screening at least once?
A. All adults 18–79
B. Only those with IV drug use
C. Only pregnant women
D. Only those with transfusions before 1992
Answer: A
Rationale: USPSTF recommends one-time HCV screening for all adults 18–79.
8. Osteoporosis screening with bone density is recommended for:
A. All women ≥65 and younger postmenopausal women with risk factors
B. All men ≥50
, C. Only women with fractures
D. Only patients on steroids
Answer: A
Rationale: USPSTF recommends screening women ≥65 and younger high-risk postmenopausal
women.
9. Which cancer screening is recommended for average-risk women 21–29?
A. HPV testing alone every 5 years
B. Cervical cytology (Pap) every 3 years
C. No screening until 30
D. Annual Pap + HPV
Answer: B
Rationale: Ages 21–29: Pap every 3 years; HPV testing not recommended alone in this age
group.
10. A 45-year-old male smoker asks about lung cancer screening. Best approach:
A. No screening until 55
B. Annual low-dose CT if 50–80 with ≥20 pack-years and current smoker or quit <15
years
C. Chest X-ray annually
D. CT only if symptomatic
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends annual LDCT for eligible high-risk adults.
11. Which is a primary prevention activity?
A. Mammography
B. Colonoscopy
C. Immunization
D. Blood pressure screening
Answer: C
Rationale: Immunizations prevent disease before it occurs.
12. For a healthy 30-year-old female, cervical cancer screening interval with Pap + HPV
co-testing is:
A. Every year
B. Every 3 years
C. Every 5 years
D. Every 10 years
Answer: C
Rationale: Co-testing every 5 years is recommended for ages 30–65.
, 13. Which patient requires earlier or more frequent diabetes screening?
A. BMI 22, no risk factors
B. BMI 30, family history, hypertension
C. BMI 24, exercises regularly
D. BMI 20, no family history
Answer: B
Rationale: Overweight/obesity plus risk factors warrant earlier/more frequent screening.
14. A 60-year-old male with no symptoms asks about prostate cancer screening. Best NP
response:
A. “You must get PSA annually.”
B. “PSA screening is a shared decision based on risks/benefits for men 55–69.”
C. “Screening is not available.”
D. “Only men over 75 should be screened.”
Answer: B
Rationale: USPSTF recommends individualized decision-making for PSA screening ages 55–69.
15. Which statement about tobacco cessation is correct?
A. Only pharmacotherapy works
B. Combining counseling and medication improves quit rates
C. Cold turkey is the only effective method
D. E-cigarettes are first-line therapy
Answer: B
Rationale: Combined behavioral and pharmacologic interventions are most effective.
Upper Respiratory, ENT & Ophthalmology (16–30)
16. A 25-year-old with 3-day history of sore throat, fever, tonsillar exudates, and tender
anterior cervical nodes likely has:
A. Viral pharyngitis
B. Streptococcal pharyngitis
C. Infectious mononucleosis
D. Peritonsillar abscess
Answer: B
Rationale: Centor criteria (fever, exudates, tender nodes, no cough) suggest strep throat.
17. First-line treatment for confirmed group A strep pharyngitis in a non-allergic adult:
A. Azithromycin
B. Penicillin or amoxicillin
