NSG 3100 - EXAM #3 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

NSG 3100 - EXAM #3 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
1. What is enuresis?
Answer:
Involuntary urination in children beyond the age when normal bladder control is established

Question:
2. What is secondary enuresis?
Answer:
Child who has established proper bladder control for a period of 6 months, but who has since lapsed back
to wetting the bed

Question:
3. What factors may cause secondary enuresis? (4)
Answer:
1. Constipation
2. Stress
3. Illness
4. Poor daytime voiding habits

Question:
4. A decrease in kidney function puts the patient at risk for what?
Answer:
Toxicity from medication if excretion rates are longer

Question:
5. The most noticeable changes with age are related to what?
Answer:
Bladder (urgency & frequency)

Question:
6. What causes changes in urinary urgency & frequency in men?
Answer:
Enlarged prostate gland

Question:
7. What causes changes in urinary urgency & frequency in women?
Answer:
Weakened muscles supporting the bladder and of the urethral sphincter after menopause (results from
decreased estrogen levels)

Question:
8. What interventions could be done to help the patient have more consistent urination? (5)

,Answer:
1. Medications
2. Surgery
3. Behavioral training
4. Safe/easy access to bathroom
5. Habit training (scheduled time)

Question:
9. Urinary habits depend on what? (3)
Answer:
1. Social cultural
2. Personal habits
3. Physical abilities

Question:
10. Which factors affect urination? (7)
Answer:
1. Developmental
2. Psychosocial
3. Fluid & food intake
4. Medications
5. Muscle tone
6. Pathologic conditions
7. Surgical & diagnostic procedures

Question:
11. Urinary elimination is affected by what? (5)
Answer:
1. Kidneys
2. Ureters
3. Bladder
4. Urethra
5. Pelvic floor

Question:
12. How do medications affect urination?
Answer:
1. Meds affecting ANS cause retention
2. Diuretics increase urine formation by preventing reabsorption of water & electrolytes

Question:
13. How does muscle tone affect urination?
Answer:
Muscle tone is needed to maintain the stretch & contractility of the detrusor muscle so the bladder can fill
& empty completely

Question:
14. What is the difference between stress & urge incontinence?

,Answer:
Stress: loss of urine control during activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure (coughing, sneezing,
laughing, or exercise)
Urge: a sudden strong urge to void, followed by a rapid bladder contraction

Question:
15. What is overflow incontinence?
Answer:
Inability to empty bladder completely, resulting in a constant dribbling of urine or frequency in urination

Question:
16. How does alcohol increase urination?
Answer:
Inhibits the production of ADH

Question:
17. What is the average daily fluid output for an adult? (mL)
Answer:
1,400-1,500 mL

Question:
18. What is the average daily fluid intake for an adult? (mL)
Answer:
1,200-1,500 mL

Question:
19. How much fluid are adults SUPPOSED to intake? (mL)
Answer:
2,500 mL

Question:
20. What is insensible fluid loss?
Answer:
The amount of fluid lost on a daily basis from the lungs, skin, respiratory tract, and water excreted in the
feces; the exact amount cannot be measured

Question:
21. What is obligatory water loss?
Answer:
Fluid loss that is required to maintain normal body function; necessary for temp regulation and elimination
of waste products

Question:
22. How much fluid is lost through obligatory losses daily? (mL)
Answer:
1,300 mL

, Question:
23. How often do infants urinate a day?
Answer:
Around 20 times

Question:
24. How often does a school-aged child urinate?
Answer:
6-8 times a day

Question:
25. How does ADH increase water reabsorption into the blood? (5)
Answer:
1. Blood osmolality increases
2. Osmoreceptors in hypothalamus stimulate posterior pituitary to secrete ADH
3. ADH increases distal tubule permeability
4. Increase of water reabsorption of H2O
5. Urine output decreases

Question:
26. How does ADH decrease water reabsorption into the blood?
Answer:
1. Blood osmolality decreases
2. ADH is
3. ADH causes distal tubule to become less permeable to water
4. Decrease of water reabsorption of H2O
5. Urine output increases

Question:
27. Whats the normal range for urine specific gravity
Answer:
1.005-1.030

Question:
28. True or False: When testing for fecal occult blood, a green color indicates a guaiac positive result.
Answer:
False, should be blue

Question:
29. How do you obtain a sterile urine specimen from a patient with an indwelling catheter?
Answer:
Use a syringe to withdraw urine from the catheter tubing

Question:
30. An x-ray of the abdomen visualizing the kidneys, ureters, and bladder is known as what?
Answer:
KUB