BIOD 152/A & P 2 PORTAGE LEARNING EXAMFINAL BIO
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D 152 EXAMS cr cr crcr questions & answers) cr crcr
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system. - Answer Nerve
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This part of the autonomic system increases digestion. - Answer Parasympathetic
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The dorsal root of a nerve contains what type of neurons? - Answer Sensory (afferent)
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This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body. - Answer Axon
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A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
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A. central nervous system cr cr
B. peripheral nervous system cr cr
C. Autonomic system cr
D. Somatic system cr
E. A&C
F. B&D - Answer F. B&D cr cr cr cr
The neuron pictured, below, is best described as:
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A. Bipolar
B. Multipolar
C. Unipolar
D. Pseudounipolar - Answer B. Multipolar cr cr cr cr
True or false: Neurons do not physically touch one another. - Answer True
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Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters. -
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Answer The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secr
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etory vesicles at the end of axon terminals
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An efferent neuron carries information:
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A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
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B. From the peripheral to the central nervous system
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C. Within the central nervous system cr cr cr cr
D. Within the peripheral nervous system - cr cr cr cr cr
Answer A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
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A postsynaptic neuron would be found:
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A. before the synapse cr cr
B. after the synapse cr cr
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,C. inside the synapse cr cr
D. Only in the central nervous system - Answer B. after the synapse
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What is the location and function of Satellite cells? -
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Answer Location: peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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Function: Regulation of environment of neuron cell bodies cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
A patient's spinal cord was severed in a car accident. Would the patient be expected to
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regrow axons in their spinal cord? Why or why not? -
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Answer No, only the peripheral system axons are capable of regeneration. The spinal
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cord is the central nervous system
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Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 4 of the di
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agram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase. -
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Answer This is phase 4: afterpolarization (hyperpolarization), the potassium gates are s
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low to clse and that results in an undershoot of the potential, the voltage will drop below
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-70mV and the return to the restign state beings.
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At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
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A. -70 mV cr
B. +40 mV cr cr
C. Hyperpolarized
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D. Depolarized - Answer A. -70 mV
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Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
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A. it maintains the resting phase of an axon
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B. For every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped in
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C. it must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
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D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane -
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Answer D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
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True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that
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the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your reasoning -
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Answer False, there is no variation in the strength of action potentials. (It is an all-or-
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nothing response). There is variation in the number and frequency of neurons firing
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Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular junction?
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A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
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B. Calcium ions release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to cause muscle contraction
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C. Sodium channels open on the muscle fibers in response to the neurotransmitter
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D. The NMJ is found in the peripheral nervous system -
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Answer A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
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What prevents continuous stimulation of a nerve synapse and how is this accomplishe
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d? - Answer The short extension of neurotransmitters in the synpase
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, prevents coninous stimulation. Some synapses contain enzymes that rapidly inactivate n
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eurotransmitters and other synpases rapidly absord the neurotransmitters. cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions? -
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Answer Acetylcholine (ACh)
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True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same neuron. -
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Answer False (only one direction in the same neuron)
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True or False: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain -
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Answer False
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Fill in the blank: In a reflex, the
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neuron conducts nerve impulses along a cr cr cr cr cr cr
pathway towards the central nervous system. - Answer sensory (afferent)
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Where is the integration center of a reflex located? -
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Answer CNS (central nervous system)
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Which of the following is false about reflexes?
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A. Reflexes do not require higher levels of voluntary processing from the brain B.Regulatio
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n of blood sugar by hormones is one example of a reflex
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C. Some reflexes can be tested to determine injury
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D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary - Answer
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D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary
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What is false about the stretch reflex?
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A. the effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
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B. The patellar reflex test the stretch reflex of the quadriceps femoris
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C. The muscle is spindle detects stretch within the muscle
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D. Stretch reflexes help to decrease the stretch on a muscle - cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
Answer A. The effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
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What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
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A. It does not involve interneurons
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B. It involves excitatory interneurons
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C. It involves inhibitory interneurons
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D. The effect of the reflex is to create a co-contraction of two muscles
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E. A&D
F. B& C - Answer F. B&C cr cr cr cr cr
Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pa
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thway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of t
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he reflex. -
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Answer Stretch reflex: Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping patellar tendon), muscle spi
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ndle detects stretch, afferent (sensory) neuron through the DRG, spinal cord, synapse
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s directly on a motor neuron (efferent)
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D 152 EXAMS cr cr crcr questions & answers) cr crcr
This is a bundle of axons found in the peripheral nervous system. - Answer Nerve
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This part of the autonomic system increases digestion. - Answer Parasympathetic
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The dorsal root of a nerve contains what type of neurons? - Answer Sensory (afferent)
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This part of a neuron conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body. - Answer Axon
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A neuron going to the bicep of the forearm is part of the:
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A. central nervous system cr cr
B. peripheral nervous system cr cr
C. Autonomic system cr
D. Somatic system cr
E. A&C
F. B&D - Answer F. B&D cr cr cr cr
The neuron pictured, below, is best described as:
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A. Bipolar
B. Multipolar
C. Unipolar
D. Pseudounipolar - Answer B. Multipolar cr cr cr cr
True or false: Neurons do not physically touch one another. - Answer True
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Describe the synthesis and storage of neurotransmitters. -
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Answer The neuron cell body manufactures neurotransmitters, which are stored in secr
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etory vesicles at the end of axon terminals
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An efferent neuron carries information:
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A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
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B. From the peripheral to the central nervous system
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C. Within the central nervous system cr cr cr cr
D. Within the peripheral nervous system - cr cr cr cr cr
Answer A. From the central to the peripheral nervous system
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A postsynaptic neuron would be found:
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A. before the synapse cr cr
B. after the synapse cr cr
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,C. inside the synapse cr cr
D. Only in the central nervous system - Answer B. after the synapse
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What is the location and function of Satellite cells? -
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Answer Location: peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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Function: Regulation of environment of neuron cell bodies cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
A patient's spinal cord was severed in a car accident. Would the patient be expected to
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regrow axons in their spinal cord? Why or why not? -
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Answer No, only the peripheral system axons are capable of regeneration. The spinal
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cord is the central nervous system
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Name and describe what is occurring in the neuron cell membrane in section 4 of the di
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agram. Include the charge of the membrane during this phase. -
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Answer This is phase 4: afterpolarization (hyperpolarization), the potassium gates are s
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
low to clse and that results in an undershoot of the potential, the voltage will drop below
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-70mV and the return to the restign state beings.
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At rest, a neuron plasma membrane is:
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A. -70 mV cr
B. +40 mV cr cr
C. Hyperpolarized
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D. Depolarized - Answer A. -70 mV
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Which of the following is false concerning the sodium-potassium pump?
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A. it maintains the resting phase of an axon
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B. For every three sodium ions pumped out, two potassium ions are pumped in
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C. it must remain in constant operation to maintain the resting state
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D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane -
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Answer D. The overall effect is a negative charge on the outside of the membrane
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True or false: A sensory neuron is signaling the body of extreme pain. This means that
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the strength of the action potential is greater than usual. Explain your reasoning -
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Answer False, there is no variation in the strength of action potentials. (It is an all-or-
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
nothing response). There is variation in the number and frequency of neurons firing
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Which of the following statements is false concerning the neuromuscular junction?
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A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
B. Calcium ions release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to cause muscle contraction
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C. Sodium channels open on the muscle fibers in response to the neurotransmitter
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D. The NMJ is found in the peripheral nervous system -
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Answer A. Sodium ions release from the presynaptic motor neuron
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What prevents continuous stimulation of a nerve synapse and how is this accomplishe
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d? - Answer The short extension of neurotransmitters in the synpase
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, prevents coninous stimulation. Some synapses contain enzymes that rapidly inactivate n
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eurotransmitters and other synpases rapidly absord the neurotransmitters. cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
What neurotransmitter is found at the neuromuscular junctions? -
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Answer Acetylcholine (ACh)
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True or False: Action potentials travel in multiple directions within the same neuron. -
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Answer False (only one direction in the same neuron)
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True or False: Reflexes occur only with conscious intervention from the brain -
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Answer False
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Fill in the blank: In a reflex, the
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
neuron conducts nerve impulses along a cr cr cr cr cr cr
pathway towards the central nervous system. - Answer sensory (afferent)
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Where is the integration center of a reflex located? -
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Answer CNS (central nervous system)
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Which of the following is false about reflexes?
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A. Reflexes do not require higher levels of voluntary processing from the brain B.Regulatio
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n of blood sugar by hormones is one example of a reflex
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C. Some reflexes can be tested to determine injury
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary - Answer
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D. Pulling a hand away from a hot flame is not a reflex; it is entirely voluntary
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What is false about the stretch reflex?
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A. the effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
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B. The patellar reflex test the stretch reflex of the quadriceps femoris
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
C. The muscle is spindle detects stretch within the muscle
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
D. Stretch reflexes help to decrease the stretch on a muscle - cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
Answer A. The effect of the motor signal is to relax a muscle
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What is true about the flexor withdrawal reflex?
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A. It does not involve interneurons
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B. It involves excitatory interneurons
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C. It involves inhibitory interneurons
cr cr cr
D. The effect of the reflex is to create a co-contraction of two muscles
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E. A&D
F. B& C - Answer F. B&C cr cr cr cr cr
Your doctor taps on your patellar tendon. List out the steps, in detail, of the nervous pa
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
thway of the reflex he is testing. Include any sensory organs involved and the action of t
cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr cr
he reflex. -
cr cr
Answer Stretch reflex: Stretch on patellar tendon (tapping patellar tendon), muscle spi
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ndle detects stretch, afferent (sensory) neuron through the DRG, spinal cord, synapse
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s directly on a motor neuron (efferent)
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