TABLE OF CONTENT
G! G!
ChapterG ! 1:G ! Pharmacokinetics
ChapterG!2:G!Drug–
ReceptorG!InteractionsG!andG!PharmacodynamicsG ! ChapterG!3:G ! Th
eG ! AutonomicG!NervousG!System
ChapterG!4:G!CholinergicG!AgonistsG!
ChapterG!5:G!CholinergicG!Antagonist
sG!ChapterG!6:G!AdrenergicG!AgonistsG
!ChapterG!7:G!AdrenergicG!Antagonist
s
ChapterG!8:G!DrugsG!forG!NeurodegenerativeG!DiseasesG!
ChapterG!9:G!AnxiolyticG!andG!HypnoticG!Drugs
ChapterG!10:G!AntidepressantsG!Chap
terG!11:G!AntipsychoticG!DrugsG!Chap
terG!12:G!DrugsG!forG!EpilepsyG!Chapt
erG!13:G!Anesthetics
ChapterG ! 14:G ! Opioids
ChapterG!15:G!DrugsG!ofG!AbuseG!Cha
pterG!16:G!CNSG!StimulantsG!ChapterG
!17:G!AntihypertensivesG!ChapterG!18
:G!Diuretics
ChapterG ! 19:G ! HeartG ! Failure
ChapterG!20:G!AntiarrhythmicsG!Chap
terG!21:G!AntianginalG!Drugs
ChapterG!22:G!AnticoagulantsG!andG!AntiplateletG!Agents
G ! ChapterG!23:G!DrugsG!forG!Hyperlipidemia
ChapterG!24:G!PituitaryG!andG!Thyroid
G!ChapterG!25:G!DrugsG!forG!Diabetes
ChapterG!26:G!EstrogensG!andG!AndrogensG!Cha
pterG!27:G!AdrenalG!Hormones
ChapterG ! 28:G ! DrugsG ! forG ! Obesity
ChapterG!29:G!DrugsG!forG!DisordersG!ofG!theG!RespiratoryG!SystemG !
ChapterG!30:G!Antihistamines
ChapterG!31:G!GastrointestinalG!andG!AntiemeticG!DrugsG
!ChapterG!32:G!DrugsG!forG!UrologicG ! Disorders
ChapterG ! 33:G ! DrugsG ! forG ! Anemia
ChapterG!34:G!DrugsG!forG!DermatologicG!DisordersG!Cha
pterG!35:G!DrugsG!forG!BoneG!Disorders
ChapterG!36:G!Anti-
inflammatory,G!Antipyretic,G!andG ! AnalgesicG!AgentsG ! ChapterG!37:G ! Princi
plesG!ofG ! AntimicrobialG ! Therapy
ChapterG ! 38:G ! CellG! WallG ! Inhibitors
ChapterG ! 39:G ! ProteinG ! SynthesisG ! Inhibitors
ChapterG!40:G!Quinolones,G!FolicG!AcidG ! Antagonists,G ! andG ! UrinaryG ! TractG!AntisepticsG!
ChapterG!41:G!AntimycobacterialG!Drugs
ChapterG!42:G!AntifungalG!DrugsG!Ch
apterG!43:G!AntiprotozoalG!DrugsG!Ch
apterG!44:G!AnthelminticG!DrugsG!Cha
pterG!45:G!AntiviralG!Drugs
ChapterG ! 46:G ! AnticancerG ! Drugs
ChapterG!47:G!ImmunosuppressantsG!
ChapterG!48:G!ClinicalG!Toxicology
,
,
, 3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enter
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ic- coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G ! G! G! G! G!
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
b. I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
c. I should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
d. I should take this medication with high-
G! G! G! G! G! G!
fat foods to improve its action. ANS: C
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Enteric-
coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrate
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
when they reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions after taki
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ng these medications. Enteric-
G! G! G!
coated tablets should not be crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and location of a
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
bsorption. Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient should
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
G! not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet, because high-
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
fat foods decrease the absorption rate.
G! G! G! G! G!
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 3
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TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
G! G! G! G!
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
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4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why insulin must b
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
e given by subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this is bec
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ause
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver.
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b. absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously. G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
c. digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption.
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d. the oral form is less predictable with more adverse effect
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s. ANS: C
G! G!
Insulin, growth hormones, and other protein-
G! G! G! G! G!
based drugs are destroyed in the small intestine by digestive enzymes and must be given pare
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
nterally. Because insulin is destroyed by digestive enzymes, it would not make it to the liver
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
for metabolism with a first-
G! G! G! G!
pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue has fewer blood vessels, so absorption is slower in such tissu
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
e. Insulin is given subcutaneously because it is desirable to have it absorb slowly.
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DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
PageG ! 2G ! ofG ! 507
Plusbay.Plus
G! G!
ChapterG ! 1:G ! Pharmacokinetics
ChapterG!2:G!Drug–
ReceptorG!InteractionsG!andG!PharmacodynamicsG ! ChapterG!3:G ! Th
eG ! AutonomicG!NervousG!System
ChapterG!4:G!CholinergicG!AgonistsG!
ChapterG!5:G!CholinergicG!Antagonist
sG!ChapterG!6:G!AdrenergicG!AgonistsG
!ChapterG!7:G!AdrenergicG!Antagonist
s
ChapterG!8:G!DrugsG!forG!NeurodegenerativeG!DiseasesG!
ChapterG!9:G!AnxiolyticG!andG!HypnoticG!Drugs
ChapterG!10:G!AntidepressantsG!Chap
terG!11:G!AntipsychoticG!DrugsG!Chap
terG!12:G!DrugsG!forG!EpilepsyG!Chapt
erG!13:G!Anesthetics
ChapterG ! 14:G ! Opioids
ChapterG!15:G!DrugsG!ofG!AbuseG!Cha
pterG!16:G!CNSG!StimulantsG!ChapterG
!17:G!AntihypertensivesG!ChapterG!18
:G!Diuretics
ChapterG ! 19:G ! HeartG ! Failure
ChapterG!20:G!AntiarrhythmicsG!Chap
terG!21:G!AntianginalG!Drugs
ChapterG!22:G!AnticoagulantsG!andG!AntiplateletG!Agents
G ! ChapterG!23:G!DrugsG!forG!Hyperlipidemia
ChapterG!24:G!PituitaryG!andG!Thyroid
G!ChapterG!25:G!DrugsG!forG!Diabetes
ChapterG!26:G!EstrogensG!andG!AndrogensG!Cha
pterG!27:G!AdrenalG!Hormones
ChapterG ! 28:G ! DrugsG ! forG ! Obesity
ChapterG!29:G!DrugsG!forG!DisordersG!ofG!theG!RespiratoryG!SystemG !
ChapterG!30:G!Antihistamines
ChapterG!31:G!GastrointestinalG!andG!AntiemeticG!DrugsG
!ChapterG!32:G!DrugsG!forG!UrologicG ! Disorders
ChapterG ! 33:G ! DrugsG ! forG ! Anemia
ChapterG!34:G!DrugsG!forG!DermatologicG!DisordersG!Cha
pterG!35:G!DrugsG!forG!BoneG!Disorders
ChapterG!36:G!Anti-
inflammatory,G!Antipyretic,G!andG ! AnalgesicG!AgentsG ! ChapterG!37:G ! Princi
plesG!ofG ! AntimicrobialG ! Therapy
ChapterG ! 38:G ! CellG! WallG ! Inhibitors
ChapterG ! 39:G ! ProteinG ! SynthesisG ! Inhibitors
ChapterG!40:G!Quinolones,G!FolicG!AcidG ! Antagonists,G ! andG ! UrinaryG ! TractG!AntisepticsG!
ChapterG!41:G!AntimycobacterialG!Drugs
ChapterG!42:G!AntifungalG!DrugsG!Ch
apterG!43:G!AntiprotozoalG!DrugsG!Ch
apterG!44:G!AnthelminticG!DrugsG!Cha
pterG!45:G!AntiviralG!Drugs
ChapterG ! 46:G ! AnticancerG ! Drugs
ChapterG!47:G!ImmunosuppressantsG!
ChapterG!48:G!ClinicalG!Toxicology
,
,
, 3. The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with a prescription for an enter
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ic- coated tablet. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G ! G! G! G! G!
a. I may crush the tablet and put it in applesauce to improve absorption.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
b. I should consume acidic foods to enhance absorption of this medication.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
c. I should expect a delay in onset of the drugs effects after taking the tablet.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
d. I should take this medication with high-
G! G! G! G! G! G!
fat foods to improve its action. ANS: C
G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
Enteric-
coated tablets resist disintegration in the acidic environment of the stomach and disintegrate
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
when they reach the small intestine. There is usually some delay in onset of actions after taki
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ng these medications. Enteric-
G! G! G!
coated tablets should not be crushed or chewed, which would alter the time and location of a
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
bsorption. Acidic foods will not enhance the absorption of the medication. The patient should
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
G! not to eat high-fat food before ingesting an enteric-coated tablet, because high-
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
fat foods decrease the absorption rate.
G! G! G! G! G!
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application) REF: dm 3
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing Intervention
G! G! G! G!
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
4. A patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks why insulin must b
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
e given by subcutaneous injection instead of by mouth. The nurse will explain that this is bec
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
ause
a. absorption is diminished by the first-pass effects in the liver.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
b. absorption is faster when insulin is given subcutaneously. G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
c. digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract prevent absorption.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
d. the oral form is less predictable with more adverse effect
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
s. ANS: C
G! G!
Insulin, growth hormones, and other protein-
G! G! G! G! G!
based drugs are destroyed in the small intestine by digestive enzymes and must be given pare
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
nterally. Because insulin is destroyed by digestive enzymes, it would not make it to the liver
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
for metabolism with a first-
G! G! G! G!
pass effect. Subcutaneous tissue has fewer blood vessels, so absorption is slower in such tissu
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
e. Insulin is given subcutaneously because it is desirable to have it absorb slowly.
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: dm 3
G! G! G! G! G! G! G! G!
PageG ! 2G ! ofG ! 507
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