Test Bank for McCance & Huether’s Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 9th Edition by Julia Rogers | ISBN 978-0323789875 | Latest 2025/2026 Verified Questions and Answers

TESTBANKFORPATHOPHYSIOLOGY9TH
i i i i




EDITION McCANCEALLCHAPTERS 1-50
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QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2025.
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,Chapter1-49 ii




Chapter01:CellularBiology i i i




Rogers:McCance&Huether’sPathophysiology,9thEdition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ii




1. Whichstatementbestdescribesthecellularfunctionofmetabolic absorption?
a. Cellscanproduceproteins.
i i i i i i i i ii




i i i




b. Cellscansecretedigestive
enzymes.
i i i




c. Cellscantakein and use
nutrients.
i i i ii ii




d. Cellscansynthesizefats. i i i




ANS: C i i




In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other
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substances from their surroundings. The remaining options are not
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inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absorption.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering i i




2. Whereismost ofacell’sgenetic information,includingRNAandDNA,
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contained?
a. Mitochond
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ria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C i i




The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely
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ofRNA,mostofthecellularDNA,and theDNA-binding proteins, such as the
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histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsible for
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cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’chieffunctionistoprovidesitesforcellularproteinsynthesis. Lysosomes i i i i i i i i i i ii




function as the intracellular digestive system.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering i i




3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) byusing
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oxygentoremovehydrogenatomsfromspecificsubstratesinanoxidative
ii
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reaction?
a. Lysosome
ii




s
b. Peroxisom

, es
c. Ribosome
s
d. Endosome

ANS: B
i i

, Peroxisomesaresonamedbecausetheyusuallycontain enzymesthatuseoxygento ii ii i ii i i i ii ii i i ii




remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces
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H2O2, which is a powerful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes
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ii ii




from peroxisomes. Ribosomes are RNA-protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are
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synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the
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nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes.
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Lysosomesaresaclikestructuresthatoriginate fromtheGolgicomplex andcontain
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more than 40 digestive enzymes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins,
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lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched
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off from the cellular membrane.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering i i




4. Whichcellcomponentiscapableofcellularautodigestionwhenitis i i i i i i i i i i




released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
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b. Golgicomplex i




c. Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
ii




d. Lysosomes
ANS: D i i




Thelysosomalmembraneactsasaprotectiveshieldbetweenthepowerful
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digestive enzymes within the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their
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leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disruption of the membrane by various
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treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes,
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which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
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digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular
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protein synthesis. The Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth
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vesicles and membranes often located near the cell nucleus. The smooth
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endoplasmic reticulumis involved in steroid hormone production and
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removing toxic substances from the cell.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering i i




5. WhichcAMP-mediatedresponseisrelatedtoantidiuretichormone?
a. Increasedheartrateandforceof
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contraction
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b. Secretionofcortisol i i




c. Increasedretentionofwater i i i




d. Breakdownoffat i i




ANS: C i i




Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii ii




causesincreasesinheartrateandforceofcontraction.Increased cortisol secretion is
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due to ACTH. Breakdown of fat is due to glucagon.
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Remembering i i




6. Duringwhich phaseofthecellcycle isDNAsynthesized? i ii i i i i i i ii