/physiology-chapter-4-energy-chemical-reactions-and-enzymes

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Chapter 4.PDF physiology


human physiology (West Coast University)




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Exam

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MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1) Energy is defined as 1)
A) doing tasks that make you tired. B) the light and heat from the sun.
C) the capacity to do work. D) using glucose to synthesize ATP.
Answer: C
Section Title: Energy in Biological Systems
Learning Outcome: 4.1


2) The general term that describes energy stored in chemical bonds is 2)
A) bioenergetics.
B) entropy.
C) potential energy.
D) kinetic energy.
E) thermodynamics.
Answer: C
Section Title: Energy in Biological Systems
Learning Outcome: 4.1


3) According to the second law of thermodynamics, 3)
A) the total amount of energy in the universe never changes.
B) energy can be converted, but not be created nor destroyed.
C) the amount of entropy in living systems increases without the input of energy.
D) entropy decreases in living systems that are not receiving energy.
Answer: C
Section Title: Energy in Biological Systems
Learning Outcome: 4.1


4) Chemical reactions in a living system function to 4)
A) create new energy.
B) only use energy stored in a molecule.
C) transfer energy from one molecule to another or use energy stored in a molecule.
D) only transfer energy from one molecule to another.
Answer: C
Section Title: Chemical Reactions
Learning Outcome: 4.1


5) The ________ of glycogen from many glucose molecules is an ________ reaction. 5)
A) synthesis, exergonic B) decomposition, exergonic
C) synthesis, endergonic D) decomposition, endergonic
Answer: C
Section Title: Chemical Reactions
Learning Outcome: 4.1




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6) Activation energy is 6)
A) the energy required for an endergonic reaction.
B) the energy lost or gained in a reaction.
C) the energy required to bring molecules into a position where they can interact.
D) required to convert an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction.
Answer: C
Section Title: Chemical Reactions
Learning Outcome: 4.1


7) A reversible reaction is one where 7)
A) there are large changes in the net free energy from substrate to product.
B) there is no change in the net free energy from substrate to product.
C) a reaction between products is unlikely due to the high activation energy.
D) there are small changes in the net free energy from substrate to product.
Answer: D
Section Title: Chemical Reactions
Learning Outcome: 4.1


8) Isozymes 8)
A) are inorganic molecules that bind to and thereby activate enzymes.
B) are enzymes with the same structure that catalyze different reactions.
C) are the inactive form of an enzyme.
D) are enzymes with slightly different structure that catalyze the same reaction.
Answer: D
Section Title: Enzymes
Learning Outcome: 4.2


9) Enzymes increase reaction rate by 9)
A) raising the activation energy of a reaction.
B) increasing the free energy in the products.
C) converting an endergonic reaction to an exergonic reaction.
D) lowering the activation energy of a reaction.
Answer: D
Section Title: Enzymes
Learning Outcome: 4.2


10) When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium, 10)
A) the reaction has stopped.
B) the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate.
C) there are equivalent amounts of substrates and products.
D) there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products.
Answer: D
Section Title: Enzymes
Learning Outcome: 4.2


11) Organic molecules that act as receptors/carriers for the cleaved portion of the substrate are 11)
A) isoenzymes. B) coenzymes. C) vitamins. D) modulators.
Answer: B
Section Title: Enzymes
Learning Outcome: 4.2




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