EXAM 2 - PHARMACOLOGY 1 NAGELHOUT UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

EXAM 2 - PHARMACOLOGY 1 NAGELHOUT UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

Question:
decrease blood pressure decrease renal blood flow decrease GFR decrease UO
Answer:
What are the renal effects of all anesthetics except nitrous oxide?

Question:
All except nitrous oxide
Answer:
What inhalation anesthetics trigger malignant hyperthermia and are contraindicated?

Question:
Nitrous Oxide
Answer:
This inhalation anesthetic blocks DNA and RNA synthesis.

Question:
oxidies the Cobalt atom on Vitamin B12 inhibits methionine synthetase
Answer:
How does Nitrous Oxide block DNA & RNA production?

Question:
(1) Nutritional disorders - elderly, vegans, and alcoholics (2) Malabsorption disorders - prolonged use of
proton pump inhibitors (H2 antagonists), pernicious anemia, atrophic gastritis, postgastrectomy, Crohn's
disease (3) Infection - bacterial overgrowth, tapeworm
Answer:
What patients are at risk with Nitrous oxide due to possible prior Cobalamin Deficiency?

Question:
(1) Known deficiency of enzyme or substrate in methionine synthase pathway (2) Potential toxicity from
expansion of gas filled space - emphysema, pneumothorax, middle ear, surgery, pneumocephalus, air
embolus (3) Raised intracranial pressure
Answer:
What are the absolute contraindications to Nitrous Oxide?

Question:
(1) Pulmonary HTN (2) Prolonged anesthesia (>6 hr) (3) First trimester of pregnancy (tetragenic) (4) High
risk of PONV
Answer:
What are the relative contraindications to Nitrous Oxide?

Question:
Risk of myocardial ischemia

, Answer:
What is a putative relative contraindication to Nitrous Oxide?

Question:
Nitrous oxide (teratogenic in animals)
Answer:
What anesthetic is contraindicated in pregnancy?

Question:
first trimester
Answer:
When is nitrous oxide most likely to cause teratogenic effects?

Question:
relax the uterus (increase risk of postoperative miscarriage)
Answer:
What is the effect of all anesthetics in pregnant women?

Question:
spinal (less bleeding - inhalation = uterine relaxation and more bleeding)
Answer:
Would it be better to use an inhalation anesthetic or spinal for a uterine surgery? Why?

Question:
(1) masks (2) high-pressure fittings (3) exhalation valves
Answer:
What are the three principle sources of waste anesthetic gasses?

Question:
<25 ppm
Answer:
Regulations in the USA require nitrous oxide levels to be _________________.

Question:
<2 ppm
Answer:
Regulations in the USA require halogenated gas levels to be _____________.

Question:
Nitrous oxide (50% NO = 15 mg IV morphine)
Answer:
Which of the inhalation anesthetics has analgesic effects?

Question:
(1) Analgesia (2) Rapid uptake and elimination (3) Little cardiac or respiratory depression (4) Nonpungent
(5) Reduces MAC of the more potent agents (6) Minimal biotransformation